Gundemaro Pinióliz

Gundemaro Pinióliz (died c. 1012),[1] was a noble from the Kingdom of León, the ancestor of one of the most important Asturian lineages of the Middle Ages, and most likely the great-grandfather of Jimena Díaz, wife of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, el Cid.

Biographical sketch

Pre-romanesque buildings of the Cathedral of Oviedo

He was the son of Piniolo Gundemáriz and Jimena Vélaz, daughter of count Vela Núñez and his wife Totilde and sister of count Fruela Vélaz.[lower-alpha 1] Gundemaro had several siblings, including Elvira,[2] married to Vermudo Vélaz, ancestors of count Suero Vermúdez.[3]

He appears frequently in medieval charters, confirming royal documents as well as in family transactions and donations. In March 976, he confirmed a donation made by his uncle count Fruela Vélaz to the Cathedral de Oviedo, as Gundimaro Pinioli armiger, that is, the standard-bearer of King Ramiro III of León.[4] During a period of fifteen years he served in the curia regis of King Bermudo III of León and in March 996 appears for the first time with the title of count.[5]

Count Gundemaro owned many properties in Oviedo, some purchased and others donated by kings Ramiro and Bermudo. For his baptism, Queen Velasquita Ramírez, possibly his godmother, gave him real estate properties[6] He also owned land and villas in Teverga.[7] With his wife Muniadona he made many donations to religious establishments, especially to the Monastery of San Vicente de Oviedo and to the city's cathedral. He and his wife Muniadona founded several monasteries, including San Miguel de Trevías in 1000 and also the Monastery of Santa Marina.[8]

He last appears in medieval charters on 29 September 1011 and must have died between that date and 18 July of the following year when his widow Muniadona made a donation to the cathedral mentioning uiro meo domnus Gundemaris, diue memorie.[5]

Marriage and issue

The name of his first wife is not recorded. They were the parents of:

Gundemaro appears in 991 for the first time with his second wife Muniadona, whose parentage is unknown and who must have married at a very young age since she is still recorded as living in 1045.[5][11] Two children were born of this marriage:

Notes

  1. Ramón Menéndez Pidal in La España del Cid considered that he was the son of count Piniolo Jiménez. This filiation, nevertheless, is “highly improbable”. Cfr. Carriedo Tejedo (2000), doc. V.
  2. In the donation to Gontrodo, Muniadona states: quod es Christi ancilla uel ex ex stirpe nostra necnon et propter seruicium quod nobis obtimum exibes et fidelissimus Cfr. Calleja Puerta (2001), pp. 309 and 403
  3. 13 August 1083, legal action involving the bishop of Oviedo and count Rodrigo Díaz and his siblings Fernando and Jimena regarding the ownership of the Monastery of San Salvador de Taule which had been donated by Gontrodo Gundemáriz to the Cathedral of Oviedo: ...quod erat ipsum monasterium de ecclesia Ouetensis sedis per kartulam testamenti quam fecit domna Gunterodo Gundemariz, filia Gundemari Pinioliz et per illam aliam kartulam donationis quam fecerut ipsi domne Gunterode nouerca sua comitissa dona Mumadona et filius eis Fredenandus Gundemariz sicut scriptum es in illa donatione, ut habuisset domna Gunterodo prefatum monasterium cunctis diebus uite sue absque ullo herede et post dicessum suum reliquisset illud Ouetensis ecclesie pro anima sua et fratis suiFredenandi Gundemariz et pro animabus comitis Gundemari Pinioliz et uxoris eius comitisse domne Mumadone quie prefatum monasterium fundauerunt in indiuise heredidate et post mortem supradicti comitis Gundemari remansit illud monasterium iamdictum ad suprafatum comitissam Mumadonnam et ad filium eius superius dictum Fredenandum...e contrario dicebant comes Rodericus Didaz et frater eius Fredenandus Didaz quod fuerat supramemoratum monasterium Taule ex eorum progenie et ipsi debenat illud habere post partem matris sue domne (en blanco) et amite sue done Urraca comitisse. Cfr. Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León (1999), p. 203

References

Bibliography