Grand Duke of Vladimir
The Grand Duke of Vladimir[1] was a prince during the Kievan Rus' and after its collapse. He ruled territory approximately bounded by the Volga, Oka and Northern Dvina rivers. Its capital was Vladimir during 1157-1238. Vladimir city was founded by a Kievan prince Vladimir Monomakh in 1108 and was destroyed by a Mongol invasion in 1238. The second important city was Suzdal', also destroyed by Mongols. The Grand Duke (Velikii Kniaz, Great Prince) Yuri Dolgorukii (Yuri "Long-arms"), the seventh son of Vladimir Monomakh, began the lineage of Suzdal' and Vladimir-Suzdal' great princes. Vladimir-Suzdal' began the next consolidation of Russian lands, completed by Muscovy, which grew from within Vladimir-Suzdal.
Vladimir was founded in the 12th century. It first came into focus in 1151, when Andrei Bogolyubskiy secretly left Vyshgorod, the domain of his father in the principality of Kiev, and migrated to the newly settled land of Suzdal, where in 1157 he became grand prince of the principalities of Vladimir, Suzdal and Rostov. The principality was overrun by the Mongols under Batu Khan in 1242. He and his successors asserted suzerainty over it until 1328. During this period Vladimir became the chief town of the Russian settlements in the basin of the Oka and it clashed with the new principality of Moscow, to which it finally succumbed in 1328. It began to decay in the 14th century.
Grand Princes of Vladimir-Suzdal
- 1168–1174 Andrei Bogolyubsky, 1st Grand Prince of Vladimir, son of Yuri Dolgoruki
- 1174–1176 Mikhail, son of Yuri Dolgoruki
- 1176–1212 Vsevolod the Big Nest, eleventh son of Yury Dolgoruky
- 1212–1216 Yuri II, third son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
- 1216–1218 Constantine I, eldest son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
- 1218–1238 Yuri II, restored
- 1238–1246 Yaroslav II, fourth son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
- 1246–1249 Sviatoslav III, sixth son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
- 1249–1252 Andrew II, 3rd son of Yaroslav II
- 1252–1263 Alexander Nevsky, fourth son of Yaroslav II
- 1264–1271 Yaroslav III, son of Yaroslav II
- 1272–1277 Vasily of Kostroma, youngest son of Yaroslav II
- 1277–1294 Dmitri of Pereslavl, second son of Alexander Nevsky
- 1294–1304 Andrey of Gorodets, son of Alexander Nevsky
- 1304–1318 Michael of Tver, second son of Yaroslav III
- 1318–1322 Yuri of Moscow
- 1322–1326 Dmitry of Tver
- 1326–1327 Alexander of Tver
- 1328–1340 Ivan I of Moscow (Ivan the Moneybag)
- 1340–1353 Simeon of Moscow (Simeon the Proud)
- 1353–1359 Ivan II of Moscow (Ivan the Fair)
- 1359–1362 Dmitri of Suzdal
- 1363–1389 Dmitry Donskoy
- ↑ "RUSSIA, Slavic Languages, Orthodox Calendar, Russian Battleships". Friesian.com. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
The word in Russian is Knyaz which is different from the word borrowed from German for "duke", gertsog (i.e. herzog), and from Latin for "prince", prints. The problem seems to be that in modern times a brother of the Tsar was always a Velikii Knyaz and this was translated "Grand Duke" by analogy to the tradition of giving the title Duke to the brothers of the Kings of England and France. This ambiguity exists in other regional languages, where either "prince" or "duke" can also translate kníze in Czech, knez in Croatian, ksiaze in Polish, knieza in Slovakian, kunigaikshtis in Lithuanian, and voivode in Hungarian.