Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
Former names	The Graduate Institute of International Studies (1927–2007)
Established	1927[1]
Type	Semi-private
Director	Philippe Burrin
Academic staff	59 professors, 9 lecturers, 25 visiting[2]
Students	785 (83% international)[2]
Location	Geneva, Switzerland
Campus	Urban
Working languages	English and French
Nickname	The Graduate Institute, IHEID, HEI
Affiliations	Europaeum, APSIA, EUA, ECUR, EADI, AUF
Website	www.graduateinstitute.ch

The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (also known as the Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement, abbreviated IHEID or the Graduate Institute Geneva) is a postgraduate university located in Geneva, Switzerland. In academic and professional circles, the Graduate Institute is considered one of Europe's most prestigious institutions.^[3][4][5] The Institute's alumni and current/former faculty include ambassadors, foreign ministers, heads of state, former Secretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan, seven Nobel prize recipients, and one Pulitzer Prize winner. It specializes in the fields of political science, international relations, international law, international economics, international history, anthropology and development studies.^[6]

The school has a diverse student body and cosmopolitan character due to its 80 percent intake of international students, of over 100 nationalities.^[2] It is located blocks from the United Nations headquarters in Europe, the World Trade Organization, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, and the World Health Organization.

It is a full member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs, a group of the world's top schools in international affairs, and accredited by the Swiss government as an independent academic institution.

The Graduate Institute is continental Europe's oldest school of international relations (Aberystwyth University in Wales was founded in 1919) and was the first university dedicated solely to the study of international affairs. It offered one of the first doctoral programs in international relations in the world. In 2008, the Graduate Institute of International Studies absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies, a smaller post-graduate institution also based in Geneva. The merger resulted in the current Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.^[7]

In 2013, the school inaugurated its new campus, the Maison de la paix.^[8]

History

The Graduate Institute of International Studies was co-founded in 1927 by two scholar–diplomats working for the League of Nations Secretariat: the Swiss William Rappard, Director of the Mandates Section, and the French Paul Mantoux, Director of the Political Section.^[9] A bilingual institution like the League, it was to train personnel for the nascent international organization.^[9] Its co-founder, Rappard, served as Director from 1928 to 1955.^[9]

The Institute's original mandate was based on a close working relationship with both the League of Nations and the International Labour Organization. It was agreed that in exchange for training staff and delegates, the Institute would receive intellectual resources and diplomatic expertise (guest lecturers, etc.) from the aforementioned organizations. According to its statutes, the Graduate Institute was "an institution intended to provide students of all nations the means of undertaking and pursuing international studies, most notably of a historic, judicial, economic, political and social nature."

The institute managed to attract a number of eminent faculty and lecturers, particularly from countries mired in oppressive Nazi regimes, e.g., Hans Wehberg and Georges Scelle for law, Maurice Bourquin for diplomatic history, and the rising young Swiss jurist, Paul Guggenheim. Indeed, it is said that William Rappard had observed, ironically, that the two men to whom the Institute owed its greatest debt were Mussolini and Hitler. Subsequently more noted scholars would join the Institute's faculty. Hans Kelsen, the well-known theorist and philosopher of law, Guglielmo Ferrero, Italian historian, and Carl Burckhardt, scholar and diplomat all called the Graduate Institute home. Other arrivals, similarly seeking refuge from dictatorships, included the eminent free market economy historian, Ludwig von Mises, and another economist, Wilhelm Ropke, who greatly influenced German postwar liberal economic policy as well as the development of the theory of a social market system.^[10]

After a number of years, the Institute had developed a system whereby cours temporaires were given by prominent intellectuals on a week, semester, or yearlong basis. These cours temporaires were the intellectual showcase of the Institute, attracting such names as Raymond Aron, René Cassin, Luigi Einaudi, John Kenneth Galbraith, G. P. Gooch, Gottfried Haberler, Friedrich von Hayek, Hersch Lauterpacht, Lord McNair, Gunnar Myrdal,^[11] Harold Nicolson, Philip Noel Baker, Pierre Renouvin, Lionel Robbins, Jean de Salis, Count Carlo Sforza, and Jacob Viner.

Another cours temporaire professor, Montagu Burton Professor of International Relations at Oxford University, Sir Alfred Zimmern, left a particularly lasting mark on the Institute. As early as 1924, while serving on the staff of the International Council for intellectual Cooperation in Paris, Zimmern began organizing international affairs summer schools under the auspices of the University of Geneva, 'Zimmern schools', as they became known. The initiative operated in parallel with the early planning for the launch of the Graduate Institute and the experience acquired by the former helped to shape the latter.^[10]

Despite its small size, (before the 1980s the faculty never exceeded 25 members), the Institute boasts four faculty members who have received Nobel Prizes for economics - Gunnar Myrdal, Friedrich von Hayek, Maurice Allais, and Robert Mundell. Three alumni have been Nobel laureates.

For a period of almost thirty years (1927–1954) the school was funded predominantly through the support of the Rockefeller Foundation. Since then the Canton of Geneva and the Swiss Federal Council bear most of the costs associated with the Institute. This transfer of financial responsibility coincided with the 1955 arrival of William Rappard's successor as Director of the Institute, Lausanne historian Jacques Freymond. Freymond inaugurated a period of great expansion, increasing the range of subjects taught and the number of both students and faculty, a process that continued well after his retirement in 1978. Under Freymond's tenure, the Graduate Institute hosted many international colloquia that discussed preconditions for east-west negotiations, relations with China and its rising influence in world affairs, European integration, techniques and results of politico-socioeconomic forecasting (the famous early Club of Rome reports, and the Futuribles project led by Bertrand de Jouvenel), the causes and possible antidotes to terrorism, Pugwash Conference concerns and much more. Freymond's term also saw many landmark publications, including the Treatise on international law by Professor Paul Guggenheim and the six-volume compilation of historical documents relating to the Communist International.^[10]

The parallel history of the Graduate Institute of Development Studies (French: Institut universitaire d’études du développement, IUED) also involves Freymond, who founded the institution in 1961 as the Institut Africain de Genève, or African Institute of Geneva. The Graduate Institute of Development Studies was among the pioneer institutions in Europe to develop the scholarly field of sustainable development. The school was also known for the critical view of many of its professors on development aid, as well as for its journal, the Cahiers de l'IUED^[12] It was at the center of a huge international network.

Recent merger

In 2008, the Graduate Institute of International Studies absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies to create the current Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID).

Academics

Admission to the Graduate Institute's study programmes is highly competitive, with only 14% of applicants attending the Graduate Institute in 2014.^[13] The Institute awards its own degrees.^[14] It does not award undergraduate degrees.

Ranking

In Foreign Policy's 2014 ^[3] Inside the Ivory Tower ranking of best international relations schools in the world, the Graduate Institute was one of five non-U.S. universities—with LSE, Oxford, Cambridge and Sciences Po Paris—to be included for best master's programs for policy career in international relations.

Degree programs

Master of Arts in International Affairs (MIA)

The MIA program begins with a rigorous foundation in quantitative and qualitative methods and in the disciplines of the Institute. Interdisciplinary courses follow in three thematic tracks: Global and Regional integration; Security and Peace-building; and Civil Society and Transnational Issues. All students undertake independent interdisciplinary research towards a dissertation. Applied Research Seminars expose them to stakeholders beyond academia and develop skills to design and execute research projects in partnership with them. Specialized, interactive, hands-on workshops help enhance professional skills, while internships for credit allow students to develop work skills and experience.

Master of Arts in Development Studies (MDEV)

The Master of Arts in Development Studies is the Institute’s oldest interdisciplinary program. It aims to equip students aspiring to careers in development with the theoretical, policy, and practical skills to tackle the great development challenges of our time. MDEV combines training in quantitative and qualitative methods with disciplinary courses in Anthropology/Sociology, Economics, History, and Law, and a unique interdisciplinary approach to three critical areas: Conflict and Peace-building; Development and Sustainability; and Human and Social Development.

Disciplinary Master of Arts (MA)

Each of the Graduate Institute's five academic departments—International Relations & Political Science; International History; International Law; International Economics; and Anthropology & Sociology of Development—offers a disciplinary MA. It is a two-year program and students are expected to write a master's thesis.

Master of Law in International Law (LL.M.)

The LL.M. was introduced in 2012. Students have the opportunity to discuss legal problems in tutorials, develop their professional skills in practical workshops and write an LL.M. paper on a topic within their specialty stream. Moreover, LL.M. participants undertake real legal work for a client as part of a law clinic.

Doctorate (PhD)

PhD students specialize in one disciplinary field. PhD candidates who wish to carry out bi-disciplinary research choose a main discipline (a major) and a second discipline (a minor).

Executive masters

Executive education programs include masters in International Negotiation and Policy-Making, Development Policies and Practices, International Oil and Gas Leadership.

Partnerships

The Graduate Institute has established joint or dual degree programs with: the MPA program at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government; the LL.M. in Global Health Law program at the Georgetown University's Law Center; the BA program at Peking University; the BA program at Smith College; and with the University of Geneva's LL.M. program in International Dispute Settlement, LL.M. program in International Humanitarian Law, Master's program of Advanced Studies in Humanitarian Action and Master's in Asian Studies.

Apart from the dual/joint degree programs, students also have the option to spend an exchange semester at Georgetown Law School, Harvard Law School, Michigan Law School, UCLA School of Law, Boston University School of Law, Yale University, the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University, the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, School of International Service at American University in Washington D.C., the Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University of Denver, Sciences Po Paris - Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris, the Hertie School of Governance in Berlin, Bocconi University in Italy, the Graduate School of International Studies at Seoul National University, the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore, the Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies at Waseda University, University of Hong Kong, Tsinghua University, Fudan University, Peking University, KIMEP University, Gadjah Mada University, the School of International Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University, University of Malaya, the American University in Cairo, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, El Colegio de México, the University of Ghana, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Stellenbosch University, as well as the University of St. Gallen and ETH Zürich in Switzerland.

Furthermore, the Graduate Institute is an active member of the following associations and academic networks:

• APSIA - Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs: The world’s main academic institutions specialising in international relations and international public policy are represented among APSIA’s thirty-odd members.
• European University Association: Represents and supports more than 850 institutions of higher education in 46 countries, providing them with a forum for cooperation and exchange of information on higher education and research policies.
• Europaeum: Created at the initiative of the University of Oxford, the Europaeum is composed of ten leading European institutions of higher education and research.
• European Consortium for Political Research: The ECPR is an independent scholarly association that supports the training, research and cross-national cooperation of many thousands of academics and graduate students specialising in political science and all its sub-disciplines.
• European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes: The EADI is the largest existing network of research and training institutes active in the field of development studies.
• Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie: The AUF supports the build-up a French-language research area between French-speaking universities. The Institute is one of 536 members belonging to the AUF and takes part in its exchange programmes in the fields of teaching and research.
• Swiss University Conference: The SUC is a governmental organization tasked with accrediting officially recognized Swiss universities.

Campus

The Campus de la paix is a network of buildings extending from Place des Nations (the United Nations Headquarters in Geneva) to the shores of Lake Geneva, spanning two public parks -- Parc Barton and Parc Moynier.

Maison de la paix

The Graduate Institute's main campus is the Maison de la paix ("House of Peace"), which opened in 2013.^[15] The Maison de la Paix is a 38,000 meter-square glass building distributed into six connected sections. It contains the Davis Library, which holds 350,000 books about social sciences, journals and annual publications, making it one of Europe's richest libraries in the fields of development and international relations. It is named after two Institute alumni—Ambassador Shelby Cullom Davis and his wife Kathryn Davis, following the Davis' $10 million donation to the Institute.^[16] The neighboring Picciotto Student Residence was completed in 2012 and provides 135 apartments for students and visiting professors.

In addition to serving as the Institute's main campus, the Maison de la paix also houses policy centres and advocacy groups with close ties to the Institute such as the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP) the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining, Interpeace, the International Institute of Humanitarian Law, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development and the Gulf Research Center.^[15]

Historic villas

Another section of the campus are two historic villas situated by Lake Geneva, Villa Barton and Villa Moynier. Villa Barton served as the Institute's main campus for most of the school's history. It now mostly houses administrative staff. Villa Moynier, created in 2001 and which opened in October 2009, houses the Institute-based Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights. The building holds a symbolic significance as it was originally owned by Gustave Moynier, co-founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and subsequently used by the League of Nations and as the headquarters of the ICRC between 1933 and 1946.

Campus expansion

Expansion projects include the construction of the Portail des Nations (or Gate of Nations) near the Palace of Nations. The new building will house a series of conference rooms for students and host exhibitions on the role of Geneva in world affairs.^[17] The school has also partnered with the University of Geneva to open a center for international cooperation at the historic Castle of Penthes.^[18]

Research

The Institute's research activities are conducted both at fundamental and applied levels with the objective of bringing analysis to international actors, private or public, of main contemporary issues. These research activities are conducted by the faculty of the Institute, as part of their individual work, or by interdisciplinary teams within centres and programmes whose activity focus on these main fields:

• Conflict, security, and peacebuilding
• Development policies and practices
• Culture, religion, and identity
• Environment and natural resources
• Finance and Development
• Gender
• Globalisation
• Governance
• Migration and refugees
• Non-state actors and civil society
• Rural development
• Trade, regionalism, and integration
• Dispute settlement
• Humanitarian action

Furthermore, IHEID is home to the Swiss Chair of Human Rights, the Curt Gasteyger Chair in International Security and Conflict Studies, the André Hoffmann Chair in Environmental Economics, the Pictet Chair in Environmental International Law, the Pictet Chair in Finance and Development, the Yves Oltramare Chair on Politics and Religion, and the Swiss Chair of International Humanitarian Law.

Programmes and research centres

The centres and programmes of the Institute distribute analysis and research that contributes to the analysis of international organisations headquartered in Geneva:

• The Center on Conflict, Development and Peacekeeping is the Graduate Institute’s focal point for research in the areas of conflict analysis, peacebuilding, and the complex relationships between security and development.

• The Center for International Environmental Studies was established in 2010 for the purpose of developing political, legal and economic discourse on problems related to the global environment. It is dedicated to the better understanding of the social, economic and political facets of global problems related to the environment.

• The Center for Trade and Economic Integration brings together the research activities of eminent professors of economics, law and political science in the area of trade, economic integration and globalization. The Centre provides a forum for discussion and dialogue between the global research community, including the Institute's student body and research centres in the developing world, and the international business community, as well as international organisations and NGOs.

• The Center for Finance and Development's research deals with finance and development at three levels: international finance, and development finance in particular, including the role played by the international financial institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank; financial development, including banking and financial sector development in emerging and developing countries, both from contemporary and historical perspectives; microeconomics of finance and development.

• The Programme for the Study of International Governance provides a forum for scholars of governance and international organisations to interact with practitioners from the policy world in order to analyse global governance arrangements across a variety of issues.

• The Global Health Program's activities focus on two pillars, namely global health governance and global health diplomacy.

• The Global Migration Centre focus on the transnational dimensions of migration and its interdisciplinary orientation. By doing so the GMC seeks to fully grasp the complexities of mobility in a globalized world. To this end, it combines inputs from lawyers, political scientists, economists, historians, anthropologists and sociologists.

• The Programme on Gender and Global Change produces cutting-edge research on the workings of gender in development and international relations and serves as a channel for the dissemination of such knowledge in both the anglophone and the francophone worlds.

• The Small Arms Survey is an independent research project that serves as the principal international source of public information on all aspects of small arms and armed violence and as a resource for governments, policy-makers, researchers, and activists.

Affiliated programmes and initiatives

• Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights
• Geneva Centre for Education and Research in Humanitarian Action
• Institute of International Law
• International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies
• Geneva Forum
• Geneva Peacebuilding Platform
• National Centre of Competence and Research North-South
• Swiss Network of International Studies
• Network for International Policies and Cooperation in Education and Training
• Pierre du Bois Foundation for Contemporary History

Publications

Refugee Survey Quarterly

Published by Oxford University Press and based at the Graduate Institute, the Refugee Survey Quarterly is a peer-reviewed journal focusing on the challenges of forced migration from multidisciplinary and policy-oriented perspectives.

Journal of International Dispute Settlement

Established by the Graduate Institute and the University of Geneva in 2010, the JIDS is dedicated to international law with commercial, economic and financial implications. It is published by Oxford University Press.

International Development Policy

A peer-reviewed e-journal that promotes cutting-edge research and policy debates on global development.

European Journal of Development Research

The European Journal of Development Research is a co-publication of the Graduate Institute and the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes with a multi-disciplinary focus.

Relations Internationales

Relations Internationales publishes research on international relations history ranging from the end of the 19th century to recent history.

Organization

Legal status

IHEID is constituted as a Swiss private law foundation, Fondation pour les hautes études internationales et du développement, sharing a convention with the University of Geneva.^[19] This is a particular organizational form, because IHEID is constituted as a foundation of private law fulfilling a public purpose. In addition, the political responsibility for the Institute shared between the Swiss Confederation and the Canton of Geneva. Usually in Switzerland, it is the responsibility of the Cantons to run public universities, except for the Federal Institutes of Technology (ETHZ and EPFL). IHEID is therefore something like a hybrid institution, in-between the two standard categories.^[20]

Foundation Board

The Foundation Board is the administrative body of the Institute. It assembles academics, politicians, people of public live and practitioners. Jacques Forster (Vice President of the ICRC) is President of the Board. The vice-president is Isabelle Werenfels (senior researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs). The Board includes among others: Carlos Lopes, currently UN Under Secretary General and Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Africa, Julia Marton-Lefèvre (Director of the International Union for Conservation of Nature), Joëlle Kuntz (journalist), and Yves Mény (president emeritus of the European University Institute in Florence).^[7]

Administration

The Institute is headed by Philippe Burrin and his deputy Elisabeth Prügl.

Alumni

Nobel laureates

• Kofi Annan (DEA 1962) — former Secretary-General of the United Nations and 2001 Nobel Peace Prize recipient.
• Mohamed ElBaradei (DEA 1964) — Egyptian jurist and diplomat, former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (1997–2009) and 2005 Nobel Peace Prize recipient.
• Leonid Hurwicz (1940) — Polish-American economist and mathematician, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 2007.

Heads of state

• Micheline Calmy-Rey (Licence 1968) — former President of Switzerland.
• Kurt Furgler (1948) — former President of Switzerland and member of the Swiss Federal Council.
• Michel Kafando (1972) — Interim President of Burkina Faso.
• Alpha Oumar Konaré — ex-president of Mali.
• Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1980)

Cabinet and government members

• Delia Albert — former Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines.
• Lourdes Aranda Bezaury — Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs of Mexico.
• Youssouf Bakayoko (Certificate 1971) — Foreign Minister of Côte d'Ivoire and Ambassador.
• David Bakradze (1998) — Chairman of the Georgian Parliament and former Foreign Affairs Minister.
• Sibusiso Bengu (PhD 1974) — former Minister of Education of South Africa.
• István Bibó (PhD 1935) — former Minister of State of Hungary.
• Martin Coiteux (PhD) — Minister responsible for Government Administration of Quebec, Chair of the Treasury Board of Quebec.
• Joseph Cuthbert — Minister of Education, Culture, External Affairs of Trinidad and Tobago (1971–1986).
• Patricia Espinosa (DEA 1987) — Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Mexico.
• Abul Fateh (Fellow 1962-1963) — first Foreign Minister of Bangladesh.
• He Yafei (DEA 1987) — Assistant Foreign Minister of China.
• Manouchehr Ganji (PhD 1960) — Iranian human rights activist and former Education Minister.
• Bonaya Godana (PhD 1982) — Foreign Minister of Kenya between 1998-2001.
• Parker T. Hart (Certificate 1936) — Former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs.
• Jafar Hassan (PhD 2000) — Jordanian Minister of Planning and International Cooperation between 2009–2013.
• Annemarie Huber-Hotz (1975) — Federal Chancellor of Switzerland between 2000 and 2007.
• Sandra Kalniete (1995) — Minister of Foreign Affairs of Latvia between 2002 and 2004, current member of the European Parliament.
• Paul Joseph James Martin — Foreign Minister of Canada between 1963 and 1968.
• Yōichi Masuzoe — Japanese Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare (2007-9) and member of the Japanese House of Councillors.
• Omer Tshiunza Mbiye (DEA 1967) — former Minister of Economy of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
• Robert McFarlane (Licence) — United States National Security Advisor between 1983 and 1985.
• Teodor Meleșcanu (PhD 1973) — Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Romania and former Minister of Defense and Minister of Foreign Affairs.
• Ram Niwas Mirdha — former Cabinet Minister in India.
• Kamel Morjane — former Defence Minister and Foreign Minister of Tunisia.
• Saïd Ben Mustapha — Foreign Minister of Tunisia between 1997–1999.
• Kristiina Ojuland (1992) — former Foreign Minister of Estonia and current member of the European Parliament.
• Andrzej Olechowski — former Minister of Finance and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
• Marco Piccinini — Minister of Finance and Economy of Monaco.
• Francisco Rivadeneira (1995) — Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Integration of Ecuador.
• Haroldo Rodas (DEA) — Foreign Minister of Guatemala.
• Shri Shumsher K. Sheriff — Secretary-General of the upper house of the Parliament of India.
• André Simonazzi (Licence 1992) — Vice Chancellor of the Swiss Federal Council.
• Albert Tevoedjre — former Minister of Information of Benin.
• Ton That Thien (PhD 1963) — former Cabinet Minister and public intellectual in Vietnam.
• Omar Touray (DEA 1992, PhD 1995) — former Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Gambia.
• Joseph Tsang Mang Kin — former Minister of Arts and Culture of Mauritius and poet.

Members of parliament and public servants

• Shara L. Aranoff (Fulbright '84-'85) — Chairman of the U.S. International Trade Commission.
• Tennent H. Bagley (PhD 1950) — Deputy Chief of the CIA's Soviet Bloc Division during the 1960s and author.
• Rep. Michael D. Barnes (DEA 1966) — US Congressman from 1979 to 1987.
• Tarcísio Burity — former governor of Paraíba, Brazil.
• Jacques-Simon Eggly — Swiss member of Parliament.
• Andréa Maechler (DEA 1994) — Swiss National Bank first female board member and Deputy Division Chief in the International Monetary Fund’s Monetary and Capital Markets Department.
• Mauricio Mulder (DEA 1985) — member of Peruvian Congress.
• Jacques Myard (PhD) — member of the National Assembly of France.
• Hans-Gert Pöttering (PhD) — former President of the European Parliament, 2007-9.
• Meta Ramsay, Baroness Ramsay of Cartvale — former British intelligence officer and member of House of Lords.
• Emrys Roberts — President of the British Liberal Party between 1963-1964.
• Jean-Pierre Roth (PhD 1975) — former Chairman of the Swiss National Bank.
• Robert-Jan Smits — Director General for Research at the European Commission.
• Alexandra Thein — German politician and member of the European Parliament.
• Marcelo Zabalaga (1977) — President of the Central Bank of Bolivia.

United Nations and international organisations

• Arnauld Antoine Akodjènou (PhD '88) — Head of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA).
• Catarina de Albuquerque — UN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation.
• Hédi Annabi — former Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Haiti.
• Anthony Banbury (DEA 1993) — United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Field Support, Deputy Ebola Coordinator and Operation Crisis Manager.
• Marcel André Boisard (PhD) — Under-Secretary General to the United Nations and former Executive Director of United Nations Institute for Training and Research.
• Arthur E. Dewey — former Assistant UN Secretary-General.
• Arthur Dunkel — director-general of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) between 1980 and 1993.
• Kamil Idris (PhD 1964) — director-general of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) between 1997 and 2008.
• C. Wilfred Jenks — Director-general of the International Labor Organization (1970–1973).
• Jakob Kellenberger (1974-1975) — President of the ICRC.
• Pierre Krähenbühl — Commissioner-General of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)
• Olivier Long (PhD 1943) — Director-general of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade between 1968–80.
• Carlos Lopes (DEA) — UN Under Secretary General and Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Africa.
• Jonathan Lucas (PhD 1998) — Head of the International Narcotics Control Board.
• Jacques Moreillon (PhD 1971) — former Director General of the ICRC.
• Eric Suy — UN Under Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and Director-General of the European Office of the United Nations in Geneva.
• Mervat Tallawy — Egyptian politician, former UN under-secretary and executive secretary of ESCWA.
• Laura Thompson Chacón (DEA) — Deputy Director-General of the International Organization for Migration and Costa Rican Ambassador.
• Sérgio Vieira de Mello— former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
• Ralph Zacklin — UN Assistant Secretary-General for Legal Affairs.

Public policy

• Allison Anderson (DEA) — Former director of the Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies.
• Svein Andresen (PhD) — Secretary-General of the Financial Stability Board.
• Jennifer Blanke (PhD 2005) — Chief Economist, World Economic Forum.
• Pontus Braunerhjelm (PhD 1994) — Secretary-General of the Swedish government's Globalization Council.
• Julius E. Coles — former President of Africare.
• Laurent Goetschel — Director of swisspeace.
• Stephanie T. Kleine-Ahlbrandt (DEA) — Asia-Pacific Director at United States Institute of Peace and Council on Foreign Relations scholar.
• Edward Kossoy (PhD 1975) — Polish lawyer and activist for victims of Nazism.
• Gerhart M. Riegner — Secretary-general of the World Jewish Congress from 1965 to 1983. In 1942, he sent the so-called Riegner Telegram.
• Riadh Sidaoui — Tunisian political scientist.
• Hernando de Soto — Peruvian economist and President of the Institute for Liberty and Democracy (ILD).
• Fred Tanner (Licence) — Ambassador and former director of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy.
• John Ulanga (DPP 2013) — Executive Director of the Foundation for Civil Society, Tanzania.
• Tek Vannara (DPP 2007) — Executive Director of the NGO Forum on Cambodia.
• Willem de Vogel (Licence) — Chairman of The Jamestown Foundation.
• Laure Waridel CM — Canadian social activist and writer.
• Béatrice Wertli (Licence) — Head of the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland.
• Theodor H. Winkler (Licence 1977, PhD 1981) — Director of the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces.
• Samuel A. Worthington (Fulbright 1985) — CEO of InterAction.

Law

• Ann Aldrich — United States federal judge.
• Marc Bossuyt (PhD 1975) — Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague.
• Giorgio Malinverni (PhD 1974) — Judge at the European Court of Human Rights.
• Fatsah Ouguergouz (PhD 1991) — judge at the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights.
• Christos Rozakis (Visiting scholar 1985-1986) — first vice-President of the European Court of Human Rights.
• Max Sørensen (PhD 1946) — former Judge at the European Court of Justice (1973 -1979) and the European Court of Human Rights (1980-1981).
• Nina Vajić (DEA) — Judge at the European Court of Human Rights.
• Abdulqawi Yusuf (PhD 1980) — Judge at the International Court of Justice.

Diplomats

• Rubén González Sosa (DEA) — Ambassador (1957-), Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1971–76), and Acting Foreign Minister of Mexico (inter. 1970-75).^[21]
• Walid Abdel Nasser — Ambassador of Egypt to the United Nations Office in Geneva.
• Ochieng’ Adala — Ambassador of Kenya, Executive Director of the Africa Peace Forum.
• William M. Bellamy (Certificate) — Ret. US Ambassador.
• Térence Billeter (DEA) — Ambassador of Switzerland to China.
• Jean-Marc Boulgaris (1970) — Former Swiss Ambassador to Colombia and Denmark.
• Linus von Castelmur (1992) — Ambassador of Switzerland to India.
• Shelby Cullom Davis (PhD 1934) — US Ambassador to Switzerland between 1969 and 1975 and philanthropist.
• Elyes Ghariani — Tunisian Ambassador to Germany.
• Erwin Hofer (1976) — Swiss Ambassador to Russia.
• María Teresa Infante (PhD 1980) — Chilean Ambassador to the Netherlands.
• Claude Heller (DEA) — Ambassador of Mexico to the United Nations.
• Tamara Kunanayakam (DEA 1982) — Ambassador of Sri Lanka to the United Nations Office in Geneva.
• A.H.M. Moniruzzaman (Certificate '89) — Ambassador of Bangladesh to Belgium, Switzerland, and Luxembourg.
• Robert G. Neumann (1937) — American Ambassador and politician.
• François Nordmann (DEA 1972) — Swiss Ambassador to France.
• Assad Omer — Ambassador of Afghanistan to France.
• Marcial Perez Chiriboga (PhD 1965) — Former Ambassador of Venezuela to the US.
• Michael Reiterer (1985) — Ambassador of the European Commission to Switzerland.
• Oswaldo de Rivero — Permanent Representative of Peru to the United Nations in New York.
• Zalman Shoval (DEA) — Former Israeli Ambassador to the US.
• Luis Solari Tudela — Ambassador of Peru to the United Kingdom.
• Mohamed Ibrahim Shaker (PhD 1975) — Egyptian Ambassador.
• Nikolaos Vamvounakis (Diploma 1975) — Greek Ambassador in Bangkok and Non-resident Ambassador to Singapore, Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar.
• Christian Wenaweser — Ambassador of Liechtenstein to the United Nations.

Academia

• Georges Abi-Saab (PhD) — preeminent Egyptian international law specialist.
• Antony Alcock (PhD 1968) — Historian expert on European minorities.
• Laurence Boisson de Chazournes (PhD 1991) — Professor of international law at the University of Geneva.
• Michael Bothe (diploma 1966) — Professor of Public Law, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, and Chair of the Commission for International Humanitarian Law.
• Pontus Braunerhjelm (PhD 1994) — Professor of economics at the Royal Institute of Technology.
• Andrew W. Cordier (1930-1931) — former President of Columbia University (1968–70).
• Victoria Curzon-Price (PhD) — Economist and former director of the Mont Pelerin Society.
• Wolfgang F. Danspeckgruber (PhD 1994) — Austrian political scientist at Princeton University, expert on self-determination.
• Marwa Daoudy (PhD) — political scientist specializing in the Middle East.
• Paul Demeny — Pioneered the concept of Demeny voting.
• Paul Dembinski — scholar specialized on finance and ethics.
• Ion Diaconu — Professor of International Law, University of Bucharest.
• André Donneur (PhD 1967) — Canadian political scientist.
• Rüdiger Dornbusch — MIT international economist.
• Cleopatra Doumbia-Henry — President of the World Maritime University.
• Willem Thomas Eijsbouts (DEA 1971) — Professor of European law at Leiden University.
• Osita C. Eze (PhD 1975) — former director-general of the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs.
• Marcus Fleming — Scottish economist, former deputy director of the research department of the International Monetary Fund.
• Rickard Forslid — Professor of Economics, Stockholm University.
• Cary Fraser — Historian of international relations and president of the University of Guyana.
• Saul Friedländer (PhD 1963) — Israeli historian of Germany and Jewish history at UCLA, awarded the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction.
• Piero Gleijeses (PhD 1972) — Italian historian of U.S. foreign relations at the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Johns Hopkins, best known for his scholarly studies of Cuban foreign policy under Fidel Castro.
• George W. Grace (licence 1948) — Linguist specializing in Oceanic languages of Melanesia.
• Robert A. Graham (PhD 1952) — World War II historian of the Catholic Church.
• A.J.R. Groom (PhD) — Professor Emeritus of International Relations, University of Kent at Canterbury.
• Sieglinde Gstöhl (PhD 1988) — Director of Studies at the College of Europe in Bruges.
• Thierry Hentsch (PhD 1967) — Swiss-Canadian political philosopher.
• John H. Herz (Diploma 1938) — American scholar of international relations and law.
• Asher Hobson (PhD 1931) — Leading agricultural economist.
• Peter Hruby (PhD 1978) — Eastern Europe historian.
• Shireen Hunter (PhD 1983) — Scholar on Iran.
• Urban Jermann (PhD 1994) — Professor of International Finance at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
• Karl William Kapp (PhD 1936) — Founding father of ecological economics and leading institutional economists.
• Dimitri Kitsikis (1962) — Noted Greek Turkologist.
• Robert Kolb (PhD 1998) — International law professor.
• Bahgat Korany — Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and professor at the American University in Cairo.
• William Lazonick (PhD 1975) — Business historian awarded the 2010 Schumpeter Prize.
• Urs Luterbacher (PhD 1974) — Political scientist specialized in game theory.
• John Joseph Mathews — Historian who became one of the Osage Nation's most important spokespeople and writers.
• Arno J. Mayer — Luxembourg-born American Marxist historian, Dayton-Stockton Professor of History, Emeritus, at Princeton University.
• Gerhard Menk (1969) — German historian and honorary professor University of Giessen.
• Zidane Meriboute (PhD 1983) — SOAS scholar specialized on Islam.
• Miklós Molnár (PhD 1963) — Hungarian historian.
• Kristen Monroe (junior year) — American political scientist, specializing in political psychology and ethics.
• Boris Mouravieff (PhD 1951) — Russian historian.
• Hans Joachim Morgenthau (post-graduate work 1932) — leading political scientist of international relations.^[22]
• Gianmarco Ireo Paolo Ottaviano (Diploma 1994) — Economics professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
• Dina Pomeranz — Professor at the Harvard Business School.
• Philippe Regnier (PhD 1986) — Professor at the School of International Development and Global Studies at the University of Ottawa.
• André Reszler (Licence 1958, PhD 1966) — History of ideas scholar.
• Gilbert Rist (Licence 1963, PhD 1977) — Thought leader of postdevelopment theory.
• Philippe C. Schmitter (Licence 1961) — Emeritus Professor of the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the European University Institute.
• Pierre de Senarclens (PhD 1973) — International relations theorist.
• Hsueh Shou-sheng (Licence, PhD 1953) — Vice-Chancellor of Nanyang University in Singapore between 1972–75 and founding rector of University of Macau.
• Lyal S. Sunga (PhD 1991) — ex-OHCHR official, Visiting Professor, Raoul Wallenberg Institute, Special Advisor on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, International Development Law Organization, human rights, humanitarian law, international criminal law expert.
• Lewis Webster Jones — President of the University of Arkansas from 1947 to 1951 and of Rutgers University from 1951 to 1958.
• Thomas G. Weiss — Scholar of international relations recognized as an authority on the United Nations system.
• Andrew Williams — British professor of international relations, University of St Andrews.
• Francis O. Wilcox — Former dean of the Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies.
• Patricia K. Wouters — Founding Director of the Dundee UNESCO Centre for Water Law, Policy and Science and professor of international law at the University of Dundee.

Private sector

• Ralph D. Crosby Jr. (DEA 1976) — CEO of Airbus Group Inc. (formerly EADS North America) between 2002 and 2009.
• Jean-Marc Duvoisin (DEA 1985) — CEO of Nespresso.
• Nobuyuki Idei (did not graduate 1963) — Founder and CEO of Quantum Leaps Corporation, Chairman and Group CEO of Sony Corporation between 1999 and 2005.
• Martin Kupka — Chief economist of Československá obchodní banka.
• Rick Gilmore (PhD 1971) — President/CEO of the GIC Group and Council on Foreign Relations scholar.
• Philipp Hildebrand (DEA 1990) — Vice President of BlackRock and former President of the Swiss National Bank.
• Léon Lambert — Prominent Belgian banker.
• Lynn Forester de Rothschild (Fellow 1978-1979) — CEO of E.L. Rothschild.
• Frank Melloul (Licence 1999) — CEO of i24news.
• Brad Smith (DEA 1984) — Senior Vice President and General Counsel, Microsoft Corporation.
• Rafael Tiago Juk Benke — Global Head of Corporate Affairs of Brazilian multinational Vale.
• G. Richard Thoman — American businessman who was President and CEO of Xerox Corporation.

Writers and journalists

• Frédéric Bastien (PhD) — Canadian author and historian.
• Robert Albert Bauer (1931) — anti-Nazi radio broadcaster with Voice of America.
• René Cruse — French public intellectual, writer.
• Carlos Fuentes (1950) — Acclaimed Mexican novelist and essayist.
• Eric Hoesli — Swiss journalist.
• Michel Jeanneret (Licence) — Editor in chief of L'Illustré.
• Elizabeth Jensen (DES '83) — Ombudsman and public editor of NPR.
• Beat Kappeler (PhD 1970) — Swiss journalist.
• Helen Kirkpatrick (DEA) — American war correspondent during the Second World War.
• Esther Mamarbachi (DEA 1992) — Swiss broadcast journalist.
• Derek B. Miller (PhD 2004) — American novelist.
• Malika Nedir (Diploma) — Swiss news anchor.
• Jean-Pierre Péroncel-Hugoz (PhD 1974) — French journalist and essayist.
• Nicolas Rossier (1995) — American filmmaker and reporter.
• Pierre Ruetschi (Licence '83) — Swiss journalist.
• Jon Woronoff (Licence 1965) — American writer and East Asian specialist.

Miscellaneous

• Jack Fahy — US government official and suspected spy during WWII.
• Duarte Pio — Portuguese Duke of Braganza and claimant to the throne of Portugal.
• Jacques Piccard — Deep-sea explorer and inventor.
• Princess Nora of Liechtenstein.
• Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.
• Kathryn Wasserman Davis — American philanthropist.

Prominent faculty

Former

• Georges Abi-Saab — International law specialist, currently Chairman of the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization.
• Maurice Allais — French economist and recipient of the 1988 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.
• Lucius Caflisch — Swiss international law specialist, member of the United Nations International Law Commission.
• Saul Friedländer — Israeli historian of Germany and Jewish history at UCLA, 2008 Pulitzer Prize recipient.
• Harry Gordon Johnson — Canadian economist who made many contributions to the development of Hecksher-Ohlin theory.
• Friedrich von Hayek — Prominent Austrian school economist, co-recipient of the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.
• Hans Kelsen — Noted international jurist and legal philosopher.
• Olivier Long — Swiss international law specialist and former director-general of the GATT (1968–80).
• Patrick Low — Chief Economist at the World Trade Organisation.
• Ludwig von Mises — Prominent Austrian school economist, philosopher, and classical liberal.
• Robert Mundell — Canadian international economist and recipient of the 1999 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.
• Gunnar Myrdal — Swedish economist and co-recipient of the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.^[11]
• William Rappard — economic historian, Director of the League of Nations Mandate Section (1920-1925), and Swiss delegate to the ILO (1945-1956).
• Wilhelm Röpke — International economics and spiritual father of the German social market economy.
• Jacob Viner — Canadian international economics and early member of the Chicago School of Economics.
• Jean Ziegler — Swiss Sociologist, author and public intellectual.

Current

• Jean-Louis Arcand — Professor of International Economics, Director of the Centre for Finance and Development
• Richard Baldwin — Professor of International Economics.
• Thomas J. Biersteker — Curt Gasteyger Professor of International Security, Council on Foreign Relations scholar and former director of the Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University.
• Andrew Clapham — Professor of International Law, former Representative of Amnesty International at the United Nations, and former Adviser on International Humanitarian Law to the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General in Iraq.
• Pierre-Marie Dupuy — Professor of International Law, whose Droit international public is "one of the best known French international law textbooks" according to the European Society of International Law.
• Faisal Devji — Yves Oltramar Chair of Religion and Politics, noted historian of Islam.
• Keith Krause — Professor of International Relations, director of the Small Arms Survey.
• Jussi Hanhimäki — Professor of International History, recipient of the 2002 Bernath Prize for his book The Flawed Architect: Henry Kissinger and American Foreign Policy.
• Ilona Kickbusch — Adjunct Professor, leading thinker in the fields of health promotion and global health.
• Giacomo Luciani — Leading scholar on the geopolitics of energy.
• Joost Pauwelyn — Professor of International Law, famous scholar in WTO law and public international law.
• Jakob Kellenberger — former president of the ICRC, professor of humanitarian action.
• Marcelo Kohen — Professor of International Law, scholar with experience practicing before the International Court of Justice.
• Nico Krisch — Professor of International Law specializing in constitutional theory, and global governance.
• Nicolas Michel — Professor of International Law, former Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and United Nations Legal Counsel.
• Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Mohamedou — Professor of International History, former Foreign Minister of Mauritania and acclaimed Al Qaeda specialist.
• Ugo Panizza — Pictet Professor of Development and Finance.
• Martin Riesebrodt — Yves Oltramar Professor of Religion and Politics.
• Timothy Swanson — André Hoffmann Professor of Environmental Economics.
• Charles Wyplosz — Professor of International Economics, regular columnist in the Financial Times, Le Monde, Libération, Le Figaro, Finanz und Wirtschaft, and Handelsblatt.

Notes and references

Bibliography

• The Graduate Institute of International Studies Geneva: 75 years of service towards peace through learning and research in the field of international relations, The Graduate Institute, 2002.

See also

• Maison de la paix

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.

• Official website
• Map of the campus
• Globe (the Graduate Institute review)
• Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies on Twitter
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