Goshen, Indiana

Goshen, Indiana
City
City of Goshen
Downtown Goshen
Nickname(s): "The Maple City"
Location in the state of Indiana
Coordinates: 41°34′55″N 85°50′12″W / 41.58194°N 85.83667°W / 41.58194; -85.83667
Country	United States
State	Indiana
County	Elkhart
Government
• Mayor	Allan Kauffman (D)
Area[1]
• Total	16.59 sq mi (42.97 km2)
• Land	16.23 sq mi (42.04 km2)
• Water	0.36 sq mi (0.93 km2)
Elevation	801 ft (244 m)
Population (2010)[2]
• Total	31,719
• Estimate (2012[3])	32,064
• Density	1,954.3/sq mi (754.6/km2)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes	46526-46528
Area code(s)	574
FIPS code	18-28386[4]
GNIS feature ID	0435227[5]
Website	http://www.goshenindiana.org/

Goshen /ˈɡoʊʃən/ is a city in and the county seat of Elkhart County, Indiana, United States.^[6] It is the smaller of the two principal cities of the Elkhart-Goshen Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in turn is part of the South Bend-Elkhart-Mishawaka Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the northern part of Indiana near the Michigan border, in a region known as Michiana. Goshen is located 10 miles southeast of Elkhart, 25 miles southeast of South Bend, 120 miles east of Chicago, and 150 miles north of Indianapolis. The population was 31,719 at the 2010 census. The city is known as a center of manufacturing for recreational vehicles and accessories, the home of Goshen College, a small Mennonite liberal arts college, and home to the Elkhart County 4-H Fair, one of the largest county fairs in the United States.^[7]

History

Goshen was platted in 1831.^[8] It was named after the Land of Goshen.^[9]

On Palm Sunday, April 11, 1965, a large outbreak of tornadoes struck the Midwest. The most famous pair of tornadoes devastated the Midway Trailer Park (now inside the city limits of Goshen), and the Sunnyside Housing Addition in Dunlap, Indiana, but a smaller F4 tornado also struck neighborhoods on the southeast side of Goshen on the same day. Statewide, 137 Hoosiers died in the storms—55 of them in Elkhart County. Days later, President Lyndon B. Johnson visited the Dunlap site.^[10]

The Goshen Historic district, added in 1983 to the National Registor of Historic Places^[11] is bounded by Pike, RR, Cottage, Plymouth, Main, Purl, the Canal, and Second Sts. with the Elkhart County Courthouse at its center.

In April 2006, Goshen was the site for an immigration march. Officials estimated that from 2000 to 3000 people marched from Linway Plaza to the County Courthouse.^[12]

For much of its history, Goshen was a "sundown town", forbidding African Americans from living in, or entering, the town, often under threat of violence. In March 2015, the city acknowledged this part of its past, apologizing and saying that it no longer condones such behavior.^[13]

Geography

Goshen is located at 41°34′55″N 85°50′12″W / 41.58194°N 85.83667°W / 41.58194; -85.83667. The Elkhart River winds its way through the city and through a dam on the south side making the Goshen Dam Pond. Rock Run Creek also runs through town. The city is divided east/west by Main Street and north/south by Lincoln Avenue.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.59 square miles (42.97 km²), of which 16.23 square miles (42.04 km²) is land and 0.36 square miles (0.93 km²) is water.^[1]

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1850	780		—
1860	2,053		163.2%
1870	3,133		52.6%
1880	4,123		31.6%
1890	6,033		46.3%
1900	7,810		29.5%
1910	8,514		9.0%
1920	9,525		11.9%
1930	10,397		9.2%
1940	11,375		9.4%
1950	13,003		14.3%
1960	13,718		5.5%
1970	17,871		30.3%
1980	19,665		10.0%
1990	23,797		21.0%
2000	29,383		23.5%
2010	31,719		8.0%
Est. 2013	32,219		1.6%

2010 census

As of the census^[2] of 2010, there were 31,719 people, 11,344 households, and 7,580 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,954.3 inhabitants per square mile (754.6/km²). There were 12,631 housing units at an average density of 778.3 per square mile (300.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 78.2% White, 2.6% African American, 0.5% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 14.8% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 28.1% of the population.

There were 11,344 households of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.2% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.23.

The median age in the city was 32.4 years. 27.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.1% were from 25 to 44; 20% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.

2000 census

As of the census^[4] of 2000, there were 29,383 people, 10,675 households, and 7,088 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,227.7 people per square mile (860.1/km²). There were 11,264 housing units at an average density of 854.0 per square mile (329.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 83.15% White, 1.53% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 1.10% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 12.00% from other races, and 1.94% from two or more races. 19.33% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 10,675 households out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.8% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.9% under the age of 18, 12.9% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 17.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 100.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $39,383, and the median income for a family was $46,877. Males had a median income of $32,159 versus $23,290 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,899. About 6.0% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.8% of those under age 18 and 5.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government

The government consists of a mayor, a clerk, treasurer and a city council. The mayor and clerk are elected in citywide vote. The city council consists of seven members. Five are elected from individual districts. Two are elected at-large.

Transportation

Airport

Goshen Municipal Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) southeast of the central business district of Goshen. It is owned by the Goshen Board of Aviation Commissioners.^[14]

Bus

The Interurban Trolley bus connects Goshen to the nearby city of Elkhart and the unincorporated town of Dunlap via Concord and Elkhart-Goshen routes. The routes pass at Elkhart's Amtrak station, allowing passengers to connect to the Capitol Limited and Lake Shore Limited trains. Riders can also transfer to North Pointe route and Bittersweet/Mishawaka route. The former allows riders to connect to Elkhart's Greyhound bus station, while the later connects the riders to the city of Mishawaka and town of Osceola. The Bittersweet/Mishawaka route also allows them to transfer to TRANSPO Route 9 to connect to destinations throughout the South Bend-Goshen metropolitan region and the South Shore Line's South Bend Regional Airport station.

Industry

Industry in Goshen centers around the automotive and RV business. There are automotive component manufacturers like Benteler; firms that build custom bodies onto chassis like Supreme, Independent Protection and Showhauler Trucks. RV manufacturing companies include Dutchmen, Forest River and Keystone.^[15]

Education

Goshen Community Schools serves all of the city that is inside of Elkhart Township. This system consists of seven elementary schools, Goshen Middle School, and Goshen High School.

In 2012, U.S. News & World Report ranked Goshen High School as the 12th best high school in Indiana, as well as in the top 6% of high schools in the entire country.^[16]

Small parts of the city of Goshen are covered by several other school districts, including Middlebury Community Schools, Concord Community Schools, and WaNee Community Schools.

Goshen College, on the south side of town, is consistently rated by U.S. News & World Report as being in the top tier of America's best liberal arts colleges.^[17] Its current enrollment is approximately 885, with 40% being male, and 60% being female. Tuition and fees for the 2011–2012 year were $25,700

Recreation

Goshen has seven parks and has a few different greenways and trails winding through the city, one of which runs along the old Mill Race and hydraulic canal which was once used to power an old hydroelectric power plant. Plans drawn up in 2005 call for the plant to be reopened and redevelopment to begin along the canal.^[18]

The Pumpkinvine Nature Trail runs from Goshen to Middlebury and Shipshewana, along the former Pumpkin Vine Railroad. The trail starts north east of Goshen at Abshire Park. It is one of the recreational highlights of Goshen. Along with the Maple City Greenway and the Millrace trail, they provide many miles of easily accessible trails for walking, running, and biking.

The Elkhart County Fairgrounds are also located in the city, where in late July, the Elkhart County 4-H Fair is held. It is the largest county fair in Indiana and the second largest in attendance in the United States.^[19]

The Goshen Air Show is also an annual event that takes place at the Goshen Municipal Airport.^[20]

In 2007, Downtown Goshen, Inc., a public-private partnership formed from the merger of Face of the City and the Downtown Action Team, started a First Fridays program. Occurring year round, First Fridays happens on the first Friday of each month with stores open until 9, music and other entertainment, and other events occurring within Goshen's downtown district.

Culture

The south side Wal-Mart is rumored to be the first Wal-Mart in the United States to provide a covered stable for its frequent Amish customers. The Amish built the stable with lumber and other supplies donated by Wal-Mart.^[21]

In 2005, Goshen-based soccer club FC Indiana became the first North American women's team ever to win league and cup double by winning the Women's Premier Soccer League national championship and the US Open Cup national championship.

Notable people

US Representatives

• John Harris Baker (1832–1915)
• Ebenezer M. Chamberlain (1805–1861)
• Joseph Hutton Defrees (1812–1885)

Entertainment

• Kate Bolduan, CNN anchor
• James Carew, silent film actor (1876–1938)
• Howard Hawks, film director (1896–1977)
• Kenneth Hawks, film director (1898-1930)
• Philip Proctor, voice-over talent (b. 1940)
• Raymond L. Schrock, screenwriter (1892–1950)
• James C. Strouse, screenwriter
• Jordon Hodges, actor
• Tim Showalter, musician (Strand of Oaks )

Sports

• Rick Mirer, NFL quarterback
• Justin Yoder, soap box racer
• Shek Borkowski, coach of Haiti national soccer team

References

External links

Wikisource has the text of a 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article about Goshen, Indiana.

• City of Goshen, Indiana website
• Goshen Chamber of Commerce
• Goshen on citydata.com – collection of statistics and graphs of Goshen demographics.
• Pumpkinvine Nature Trail

County seats of Indiana In order by county Bold indicates county of 100,000+ Decatur Fort Wayne Columbus Fowler Hartford City Lebanon Nashville Delphi Logansport Jeffersonville Brazil Frankfort English Washington Lawrenceburg Greensburg Auburn Muncie Jasper Goshen Connersville New Albany Covington Brookville Rochester Princeton Marion Bloomfield Noblesville Greenfield Corydon Danville New Castle Kokomo Huntington Brownstown Renssalaer Portland Madison Vernon Franklin Vincennes Warsaw LaGrange Crown Point LaPorte Bedford Anderson Indianapolis Plymouth Shoals Peru Bloomington Crawfordsville Martinsville Kentland Albion Rising Sun Paoli Spencer Rockville Tell City Petersburg Valparaiso Mount Vernon Winamac Greencastle Winchester Versailles Rushville South Bend Scottsburg Shelbyville Rockport Knox Angola Sullivan Vevay Lafayette Tipton Liberty Evansville Newport Terre Haute Wabash Williamsport Boonville Salem Richmond Bluffton Monticello Columbia City

Municipalities and communities of Elkhart County, Indiana, United States County seat: Goshen Cities Elkhart Goshen Nappanee‡ Towns Bristol Middlebury Millersburg Wakarusa Townships Baugo Benton Cleveland Clinton Concord Elkhart Harrison Jackson Jefferson Locke Middlebury Olive Osolo Union Washington York CDPs Dunlap New Paris Simonton Lake Unincorporated communities Bainter Town Benton Bonneyville Mills Foraker Garden Village Jamestown Locke Midway Nibbyville Southwest Vistula Waterford Mills Footnotes ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties