Goryeo military regime
| Goryeo military regime | |
| Hangul | 무신정권 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 武臣政權 |
| Revised Romanization | Musin Jeonggwon |
| McCune–Reischauer | Musin Jŏnggwŏn |
The term Goryeo military regime (Hangul: 무신정권; hanja: 武臣政權; RR: Musin Jeonggwon; MR: Musin Jŏnggwŏn) describes the government of Goryeo from the time of the military coup d'état of 1170 to the Sambyeolcho Rebellion of 1270 and the definitive subordination of Korea to the Mongol Empire. The rule of the Ubong Choe house from 1196 to 1258 is in particular known as the Choe regime (Hangul: 최정권; hanja: 崔政權; RR: Choe Jeonggwon).
The Goryeosa exemplifies the period in its evaluation of the reign of one of the kings of the military regime, Sinjong:
Sinjong was put upon the throne by Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn, and all matters of life and death, decisions to accept or to reject, were in Ch'oe's hands. Sinjong stood above his subjects holding only empty authority. Alas, he was nothing but a puppet.—Goryeosa[1]
List of leaders
| Name | Assumed power | Power ended | Monarch | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yi Ui-bang 이의방 / 李義方 |
1170 | 1174 | Uijong Myeongjong |
Led a successful rebellion against the civilian government and deposed Uijong, installing Myeongjong as a puppet king. Overthrown. |
| Jeong Jung-bu 정중부 / 鄭仲夫 |
1174 | 1179 | Myeongjong | Participant in 1170 rebellion; ordered the assassination of Yi Ui-bang and assumed personal power. Overthrown. |
| Gyeong Dae-seung 경대승 / 慶大升 |
1179 | 1183 | Myeongjong | Assassinated Jeong jung-bu and his family. Gyeong Dae-seung tried to restore the civilian government. But Myeongjong, who regarded him as violate on royal power, hated him. Consequently Gyeong Dae-seung failed to restore the civilian government, but historians of the Joseon Dynasty didn't consider him as traitor. (All other leaders considered as traitor against the king) |
| Yi Ui-min 이의민 / 李義旼 |
1183 | 1196 | Myeongjong | Assumed power by request of Myeongjong after Gyeong's death. Overthrown. |
| Choe regime (The House of Choe) | ||||
| Choe Chung-heon 최충헌 / 崔忠獻 |
1196 | 1219 | Myeongjong Sinjong Huijong Gangjong Gojong |
Overthrew the governing War Council and assassinated Yi Ui-min. |
| Choe Woo 최우 / 崔瑀 |
1219 | 1249 | Gojong | Son of Choe Chung-heon. |
| Choe Hang 최항 / 崔沆 |
1249 | 1257 | Gojong | Son of Choe Woo. |
| Choe Ui 최의 / 崔竩 |
1257 | 1258 | Gojong | Son of Choe Hang. Overthrown & Killed by Kim Jun & Ryu(Yu) gyung柳璥(1211–1289),who was a scholar & prime minister as teacher of An hyang & King Gojong.
Bobgwan 本貫 of family name 'Mun wha文化' was given by King Gojong from military(武) liberation. Mun wha gun(文化郡) is original area in Whanghaedo(黃海道)region. |
| Later rulers | ||||
| Kim Jun 김준 / 金俊 |
1258 | 1268 | Wonjong | Assassinated Choe Ui. Overthrown. |
| Im Yeon 임연 / 林衍 |
1268 | 1270 | Wonjong Yeongjong Wonjong |
Assassinated Kim Jun. Unsuccessfully attempted to instate a new king. |
| Im Yu-mu 임유무 / 林惟茂 |
1270 | 1270 | Wonjong | Son of Im Yeon. Overthrown by Sambyeolcho under direction of the Mongols. End of the military regimes. |
References
Sources
- Lee, Ki-baek (1984). "Chapter 7: Rule by the Military". A New History of Korea. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-61576-2.
- Schultz, E. J. (2000). Generals and Scholars: Military Rule in Medieval Korea. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2324-5.