Glyptothorax

Glyptothorax
Glyptothorax lonah
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Sisoridae
Subfamily: Glyptosterninae
Genus: Glyptothorax
Blyth, 1860
Type species
Glyptosternon striatus
McClelland, 1842
Synonyms

Aglyptosternon Bleeker, 1862
Euclyptosternum Günther, 1864
Pteroglanis Fowler, 1934
Pteropsoglanis Fowler, 1934
Sundagagata Boeseman, 1966
Paraglyptothorax Li, 1986
Superglyptothorax Li, 1986

Glyptothorax is a genus of catfishes order Siluriformes of the family Sisoridae. It is the most species-rich and widely distributed genus in the family with new species being discovered on a regular basis.

Distribution

Glyptothorax species are distributed in the Black Sea basin, northern Turkey, south and east to the Yangtze River drainage in China and south throughout Indo-China to Java, Indonesia.[1] They are found in Asia Minor (in the Tigris and Euphrates River drainages) and southwards to Southeast Asia. The genus is very diverse in the Indian subcontinent.[2] Southeast Asian Glyptothorax species tend to have restricted distributions.[3]

Description

Glyptothorax is easily distinguished from other sisorids by having an adhesive apparatus on the thorax with grooves parallel or oblique to the longitudinal axis of the body, as opposed to grooves transverse to the longitudinal axis of body or the thoracic adhesive apparatus entirely absent.[1] The dorsal fin and pectoral fins have strong spines. The dorsal fin spine is smooth or serrate on the front edge and smooth or finely serrated on the posterior edge. The pectoral fin spine is serrated on the front edge. The head is small and depressed and the snout is conical. The body is elongate, from moderately to greatly depressed. The skin is either smooth or tuberculate. The eys are small and dorsally placed. The lips are thick, fleshy, and often papillate. The maxillary barbels have a well-developed membrane and a soft base. The gill openings are wide. The paired fins are plaited and modified to form an adhesive apparatus in some species of Glyptothorax.[1]

Ecology

Like other sisorids, these fish are rheophilic, that is they inhabit fast-flowing streams, where they are adapted to live by using the adhesive apparatus on the underside to attach themselves to rocks and prevent being washed away.[3]

Species

There are currently 100 recognized species in this genus:

References

Wikispecies has information related to: Glyptothorax
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Thomson, A.W. & Page, L.M. (2006). "Genera of the Asian Catfish Families Sisoridae and Erethistidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes)". Zootaxa, 1345: 1–96.
  2. ↑ Ng, H.H. (2005). "Glyptothorax botius (Hamilton, 1822), a valid species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from northeast India, with notes on the identity of G. telchitta (Hamilton, 1822)". Zootaxa, 930: 1–19.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ng, H.H. & Rachmatika, I. (2005). "Glyptothorax exodon, a New Species of Rheophilic Catfish from Borneo (Teleostei: Sisoridae)". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, (2): 251–255.
  4. ↑ Rameshori, Y. & Vishwanath, W. (2012): A new catfish of the genus Glyptothorax from the Kaladan basin, Northeast India (Teleostei: Sisoridae). Zootaxa, 3538: 79–87.
  5. ↑ Rameshori, Y. & Vishwanath, W. (2014): Glyptothorax clavatus, a new species of sisorid catfish from Manipur, northeastern India (Teleostei: Sisoridae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 25 (2): 185-192.
  6. ↑ Plamoottil, M. & Abraham, N.P. (2013): Glyptothorax elankadensis (Order-Siluriformes: family- Sisoridae), a new fish species from Manimala River, Kerala, India. Biosystematica, 6 (2): 17-25.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Jiang, W., Ng, H.H., Yang, J. & Chen, X. (2012): A taxonomic review of the catfish identified as Glyptothorax zanaensis (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Sisoridae), with the descriptions of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 165 (2): 363–389.
  8. ↑ Ng, H.H. & Kullander, S.O. (2013): Glyptothorax igniculus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from Myanmar. Zootaxa, 3681 (5): 552–562.
  9. ↑ Rameshori, Y. & Vishwanath, W. (2012): Glyptothorax jayarami, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Mizoram, northeastern India. Zootaxa, 3304: 54–62.
  10. ↑ Ng, H.H., Jiang, W.-S. & Chen, X.-Y. (2012): Glyptothorax lanceatus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southwestern China. Zootaxa 3250: 54–62.
  11. ↑ Ng, H.H. & Lalramliana (2012): Glyptothorax maceriatus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes) from north-eastern India. Zootaxa, 3416: 44–52.
  12. ↑ Anganthoibi, N. & Vishwanath, W. (2013): Glyptothorax pantherinus, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Noa Dehing River, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Ichthyological Research, 60 (2): 172-177.
  13. ↑ Ng, H.H. & Lalramliana (2013): Glyptothorax radiolus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) from northeastern India, with a redescription of G. striatus McClelland 1842. Zootaxa, 3682 (4): 501–512.
  14. ↑ Ng, H.H. & Lalramliana (2012): Glyptothorax scrobiculus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) from northeastern India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (1): 1-9.
  15. ↑ Premananda, N., Kosygin, L. & Saidullah, B. (2015): Glyptothorax senapatiensis, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Manipur, India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 25 (4): 323-329.
  16. ↑ Rameshori, Y. & Vishwanath, W. (2012): Glyptothorax verrucosus, a new sisorid catfish species from the Koladyne basin, Mizoram, India (Teleostei: Sisoridae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (2): 147-154.