Giovanni Spadolini

Giovanni Spadolini
President of Italy Acting
In office 28 April 1992 – 28 May 1992
Prime Minister	Giulio Andreotti
Preceded by	Francesco Cossiga
Succeeded by	Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
President of the Italian Senate
In office 2 July 1987 – 14 April 1994
Preceded by	Giovanni Francesco Malagodi
Succeeded by	Carlo Scognamiglio Pasini
44th Prime Minister of Italy
In office 28 June 1981 – 1 December 1982
President	Alessandro Pertini
Preceded by	Arnaldo Forlani
Succeeded by	Amintore Fanfani
Italian Minister of Defense
In office 4 August 1983 – 17 April 1987
Prime Minister	Bettino Craxi
Preceded by	Lelio Lagorio
Succeeded by	Remo Gaspari
Italian Minister of Education
In office 20 March 1979 – 4 August 1979
Prime Minister	Giulio Andreotti
Preceded by	Mario Pedini
Succeeded by	Salvatore Valitutti
Italian Minister of Culture
In office 23 November 1974 – 12 February 1976
Prime Minister	Aldo Moro
Preceded by	None
Succeeded by	Mario Pedini
Personal details
Born	(1925-06-21)21 June 1925 Florence, Tuscany, Italy
Died	4 August 1994(1994-08-04) (aged 69) Rome, Latium, Italy
Nationality	Italian
Political party	Italian Republican Party (1959-1994)
Other political affiliations	National Fascist Party (until 1943) Radical Party (1956-1959)
Religion	None

Giovanni Spadolini (21 June 1925 – 4 August 1994) was a Republican Italian politician, the 44th Prime Minister of Italy, newspaper editor, journalist and a noted historian.

Biography

Background and earlier life

Spadolini was born in Florence in 1925. He studied law at the University of Florence and shortly after graduation, was appointed professor of contemporary history in the faculty of political science. He also became a political columnist for several newspapers, becoming editor-in-chief of the Bologna paper Il Resto del Carlino in 1955, doubling its circulation during his tenure. In 1968, Spadolini moved to Milan where he took over the editorship of Italy's largest newspaper, Corriere della Sera, which job he held until leaving journalism to enter politics. In 1972, he was elected as a senator, going on to serve as minister of the environment and then minister of education. Then in 1979, he was appointed head of the small but powerful Republican Party.

As a journalist, he sometimes used the pseudonym Giovanni dalle Bande Nere. Before entering politics, he was editor of Il Corriere della Sera from 1968 to 1972.

Giovanni Spadolini served as Ministro dei Beni e delle Attività culturali (Minister for Cultural Assets and Activities) from 1974 to 1976.

He was leader of the Italian Republican Party (PRI) from 1979 to 1987, during both the 10th and the 11th Legislatures.

Prime Minister of Italy

He served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1981 to 1982, the first in the post-1945 Republic to do so who was not a member of Christian Democracy, pledging to clean up corruption (in particular a scandal involving certain Italian political figures connected with a Masonic lodge known as P2) and mounting terrorist violence.

Acting President of Italy and other political rôles

From 1987 to April 1994 he was President of the Italian Senate. He became Acting President of Italy on 28 April 1992, upon the resignation of President Francesco Cossiga, for a month. Following the electoral success of Silvio Berlusconi's House of Freedoms, he lost the chairmanship of the Senate to Carlo Scognamiglio Pasini by a single vote. He died four months later in Rome, on 4 August 1994.

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