Giovanni Bembo
Giovanni Bembo (b. Venice, 21 August 1543 – d. Venice, 16 March 1618) was the 92nd Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on December 2, 1615 until his death. His reign is notable for Venetian victories during the War of Gradisca (1617) and for the Bedmar Plot (1618), in which the Spanish ambassador to Venice, Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, attempted unsuccessfully to destabilize the Most Serene Republic.
Background, 1543–1615
Giovanni was the son of Augustine Bembo and Chiara Del Basso. The Bembo were one of the vecchie, the old Venetian noble families. Giovanni Bembo's mother provided Bembo with a large inheritance, which he divided with one brother.
Bembo was enrolled in the crew of a galley at age 12, and he remained aboard ship for sixteen years. He fought in the Battle of Lepanto (1571), showing great courage in spite of repeated wounds.
Following his good showing in the Battle of Lepanto, Bembo was appointed provveditore. He served with distinction and went on to become savio, consigliere, and Procurator of San Marco in turn.
Reign as Doge of Venice, 1615–1618
Marcantonio Memmo died on 31 October 1615, leaving no obvious choice as a successor as Doge. The old noble families (the vecchie faction) were divided between two candidates as doge, while the new noble families (the nuove faction) were unable to unite behind a candidate. After several rounds of voting, the 41 electors were unable to decide on a candidate, leading to rioting in Venice. Eventually, on 2 December 1615 a compromise was concluded and Bembo, a moderate member of the vecchie faction, was elected as Doge. As always, sumptuous feasts were held to celebrate the occasion.
For a number of years, Venice had been harassed by Uskoci pirates, encouraged by Ferdinand, Archduke of Inner Austria, who offered the Uskoci his protection. Bembo's first act as Doge was therefore to declare war on Austria, launching the War of Gradisca (known in German as the Friulian War). This war saw the destruction of the Uskoci. The war took place in Friuli, Gradisca d'Isonzo, Gorizia, and Istria. Venice had the upper hand militarily, with troops under Francesco Erizzo besieging Gradisca d'Isonzo successfully until the arrival of troops commanded by Albrecht von Wallenstein arrived, at which point Venice sued for peace, and a peace treaty was signed in Paris on 27 September 1617.
1617-18 saw Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, the Spanish Ambassador to Venice, attempt to destabilize Venice by sowing discord, which would allow Spanish troops to march into Venice and seize control of the city. Bembo participated in the councils called to stop the Spanish - who were believed to have spies everywhere, but he died while the threat was still current, on 16 March 1618.
References
This article is based on this article from Italian Wikipedia.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Marcantonio Memmo |
Doge of Venice 1615–1618 |
Succeeded by Nicolò Donato |
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