Gietrzwałd
Gietrzwałd (German: Dietrichswalde) is a village in northeastern Poland located in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, near Olsztyn. Gietrzwałd is the capital of Gietrzwałd commune.
Natural geography
The area where Gietrzwałd is located has specific features caused by a glacier. As a result, the region has varied terrain and great richness and diversity of nature. The most important natural values of the region are its lakes and rivers. The Giławka River, which Gietrzwałd is situated upon, is the right tributary of the Pasłęka River.
History
Gietrzwałd was founded in 1352 by Dietrich, who named it Dietrichswald. In the 15th century, Gietrzwałd was destroyed during the Thirteen Years' War between Poland and the Teutonic Knights. The village was invaded by the Teutonic army under the command of Jerzy von Schlieben. In the middle of the 16th century, the settlement was not developing, although there was a school and an inn (Jerzy Kunig had been the owner of the inn since 1645). In 1783, there were 57 houses in Gietrzwałd. In 1807, the village was attacked and plundered by the French army in the Napoleonic wars.
Marian Apparitions
In the year 1877, according to the Catholics, the Virgin Mary was revealed to two little girls, Barbara Samulowska and Justyne Szafryńska. She appeared several times, speaking the Polish language (as opposed to German; Poland was under German occupation at the time), and explained how important it is to pray and say the rosary. Since then, pilgrims from Poland and foreign countries, have been coming to Gietrzwałd to see the picture of the Virgin Mary and a miracle spring. The Catholic Church acknowledged the Vision of the Mother of Christ as real in 1977. The town is now an official pilgrim area.
Culture
There is a Communal Cultural Centre in Gietrzwałd. It is open all year. People can find tourist information there and buy handcrafts in a gallery. The Centre is the initiator and organizer of various events, which take place in the province. Furthermore, it is responsible for taking actions in social and cultural animation, education and art workshops for children and adults.
Religion
The most important religious monument in Gietrzwałd is the Shrine of Virgin Mary and the Stations of the Cross located near the forest. There is also a rosary alley leading to the miracle spring, the chapel of the apparitions and the picture of Virgin Mary.
A very distinctive element of the Warmian landscape are the chapels. Only in Gietrzwałd there are several of them. They used to emphasize the Catholic faith and focus the rural life around the building. The most famous chapel in Gietrzwałd is the Apparitions Chapel in front of the sanctuary.
Education
Schools in Gietrzwałd:
- Andrzej Samulowski Primary School
- Priest W. Zink Middle School.
Transport
Buses run from Olsztyn and Ostróda to the village. It is also connected to Olsztyn by National Road 16. The nearest railway station is located 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the village, in Biesal.
References
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