Geotail
Geotail is a satellite observing the Earth's magnetosphere. It was developed by Japan's ISAS in association with the United States' NASA, and was launched by a Delta II rocket on July 24, 1992.
From the Geotail website (listed below): "The Geotail satellite was launched on July 24, 1992, by a Delta II launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, United States. The primary purpose of this mission is to study the structure and dynamics of the tail region of the magnetosphere with a comprehensive set of scientific instruments. For this purpose, the orbit has been designed to cover the magnetotail over a wide range of distances: 8 R⊕ to 210 R⊕ from the earth. This orbit also allows us to study the boundary region of the magnetosphere as it skims the magnetopause at perigees. In the first two years the double lunar swing-by technique was used to keep apogees in the distant magnetotail. The apogee was lowered down to 50 R⊕ in mid November 1994 and then to 30 R⊕ in February 1995 in order to study substorm processes in the near-Earth tail region. The present orbit is 9 R⊕ × 30 R⊕ with inclination of -7° to the ecliptic plane."
Geotail instruments studied electric fields, magnetic fields, plasmas, energetic particles, and plasma waves.[2]
In 1994 the principal investigator of the Plasma Wave Instrument (PWI), the experiment complement, was Professor Hiroshi Matsumoto of Kyoto University, with co-investigators from NASA, the University of Iowa, and STX Corporation.[3]
Geotail is an active mission as of 2014.[4] Geotail, WIND, Polar, SOHO, and Cluster were all part of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics Science Initiative (ISTP) project.[4]
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| Kosmos 2175 | STS-42 | Kosmos 2176 | Progress M-11 | Kosmos 2177 · Kosmos 2178 · Kosmos 2179 | Unnamed | USA-78 | Fuyo 1 | Kosmos 2180 | USA-79 | Superbird B1 · Arabsat 1C | Molniya 1-83 | Kosmos 2181 | Galaxy 5 | Soyuz TM-14 | STS-45 | Kosmos 2182 | Gorizont No.36L | Kosmos 2183 | USA-80 | Kosmos 2184 | Telecom 2B · Inmarsat-2 F4 | Progress M-12 | USA-81 | Resurs-F2 No.8 | Kosmos 2185 | STS-49 | Palapa B4 | SROSS-C | Kosmos 2186 | Kosmos 2187 · Kosmos 2188 · Kosmos 2189 · Kosmos 2190 · Kosmos 2191 · Kosmos 2192 · Kosmos 2193 · Kosmos 2194 | EUVE | Intelsat K | Resurs-F1 No.55 | STS-50 | Progress M-13 | Kosmos 2195 | USA-82 | SAMPEX | USA-83 | Kosmos 2196 | INSAT-2A · Eutelsat-2 F4 | Kosmos 2197 · Kosmos 2198 · Kosmos 2199 · Kosmos 2200 · Kosmos 2201 · Kosmos 2202 | Gorizont No.37L | Geotail · DUVE | Kosmos 2203 | Soyuz TM-15 | Kosmos 2204 · Kosmos 2205 · Kosmos 2206 | Kosmos 2207 | STS-46 ( EURECA · TSS-1) | Molniya 1-84 | FSW-13 | TOPEX/Poseidon · Uribyol 1 · S80/T | Kosmos 2208 | Optus B1 | Progress M-14 | Resurs-F1 No.54 · Pion-Germes 1 · Pion-Germes 2 | Galaxy 1R | Satcom C4 | USA-84 | Kosmos 2209 | Hispasat 1A · Satcom C3 | STS-47 | Kosmos 2210 | Mars Observer | FSW-14 · Freja | Foton No.8L | DFS-Kopernikus 3 | Molniya-3 No.50 | Kosmos 2211 · Kosmos 2212 · Kosmos 2213 · Kosmos 2214 · Kosmos 2215 · Kosmos 2216 | Kosmos 2217 | STS-52 (LAGEOS-2 · CTA) | Progress M-15 (Znamya-2) | Galaxy 7 | Kosmos 2218 | Ekran-M No.15L | Resurs 500 | Kosmos 2219 | Kosmos 2220 | MSTI-1 | USA-85 | Kosmos 2221 | Kosmos 2222 | Gorizont No.38L | USA-86 | Superbird A1 | Molniya-3 No.56 | STS-53 (USA-89 · ODERACS) | Kosmos 2223 | Kosmos 2224 | USA-87 | Optus B2 | Kosmos 2226 | Kosmos 2225 | Kosmos 2227 | Kosmos 2228 | Kosmos 2229 | | Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Manned flights are indicated in bold text. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in brackets. |
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