Gavriil Baranovsky

Gavriil Vasilyevich Baranovsky
Born 6 April [O.S. 25 March] 1860
Odessa
Died 28 June 1920
Kellomäki, Finland
Nationality Russia
Occupation Architect
Buildings Elisseeff Buildings, Saint Petersburg
Projects First town plan for Murmansk, 1917

Gavriil Vasilyevich Baranovsky (Russian: Гавриил Васильевич Барановский, also spelled as Baranovskii, 6 April [O.S. 25 March] 1860 - 28 June 1920)[1] was a Russian architect, civil engineer, art historian and publisher, who worked primarily in Saint Petersburg for the Elisseeff family, but also practiced in Moscow and produced the first town plan for Murmansk (then Romanov-na-Murmane).

Biography

Education and early career

He was born in Odessa to attorney Vasili Ivanovitš Baranovsky and his wife Rosalia Malinovska Gavriil Baranovsky. Baranovsky trained at Saint Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineers (1881–1886), graduating with an honorary silver medal. He began his architectural career as an assistant to Paul Susor (Pavel Susor) between 1883 and 1885. His first commission was a state-financed Main Palace Chancellery (Главная дворцовая канцелярия); in 1885-1888, Baranovsky worked on numerous apartment buildings in Saint Petersburg. After 1888 he became staff architect for the Baltic Shipyards.

Architect to the Elisseeffs

Baranovsky was married to a daughter of Grigory Elisseeff of the Elisseeff (Yeliseyev, Elisseieff) merchant family based in Saint Petersburg, owner of a lot of local real estate. Grigory Elisseeff's apartment building (1889–1890) became Baranovsky's first independent commission as a lead architect. Later, Baranovsky completed various country homes for the Elisseeff family and, most visible of his buildings, an eclectic Elisseeff Emporium on Nevsky Prospect (1900–1903) and its Moscow counterpart, the Elisseeff Store on Tverskaya Street (1898–1901, with Marian Peretyatkovich). In 1898 Baranovsky was appointed construction manager for all Elisseeff businesses.

Baranovsky's style varied through different shades of eclectics, eventually focusing on Art Nouveau.

Public activities

In 1891 Baranovsky was appointed to Empress Maria's Office of Charitable Institutions and designed Saint-Petersburg Eye Hospital. He also held various consultancy roles with other state institutions. More important was his public editorial activity, starting as chief editor of Our Home (Наше Жилище, 1894–1895), later Stroitel (Строитель, 1895–1905) magazine. Baranovsky promoted and edited the "Architectural Encyclopaedia of the Second Half of 19th century" ("Архитектурная энциклопедия второй половины XIX века") in seven volumes. It was then considered to be the most complete Russian reference on contemporary architecture of the world.

According to St. Petersburg Fragments (Петербург - фрагменты) Biographical section, the aging architect died in 1920 from starvation that followed the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Russian Civil War. Baranovskys son Wassilij (d. 1945) emigrated to Sweden. He was pianist and composer and made several recordings in his new homeland. He was married with violinist Nora Duesberg.

Buildings

Saint Petersburg and suburbs

Elisseeff Emporium, 56 Nevsky Prospect

Moscow

Elsewhere

References

  1. ↑ Травина, Елена. Гавриил Васильевич Барановский, — кто Вы? (15.05.2013) (in Russian). terijoki.spb.ru. Retrieved 15 May 2013.