Francis Jeremiah Connell

Francis Jeremiah Connell, C.SS.R. (January 31, 1888 - May 12, 1967), was a Redemptorist priest, professor, author, and noted Catholic American theologian. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Washington, D.C.

Early life

Born to Timothy and Mary (née Sheehan), Francis attended the Boston public school system from 1893 to 1901. From 1901 to 1905, he attended Boston Latin School.

On graduating the Boston Latin School, Connell won a scholarship to the Jesuit Boston College and attended for 2 years. Already he was thinking of the priesthood, but did not want to spend said priesthood teaching in the classroom as was the course usually followed by academically gifted Jesuits. Thus, in 1907 Connell joined the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, better known as the Redemptorists.[1]

Connell spent novitiate year at the Redemptorist house in Annapolis, Maryland after which he was sent to Mount St. Alphonsus Seminary in Esopus, New York to study philosophy and theology in preparation for priestly ordination. On June 26, 1913, he was ordained at Mount St. Alphonsus by Thomas Francis Cusack, auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York. From August 14, 1913 to February 15, 1914 he did a second novitiate in Annapolis and then was assigned as a curate to Our Lady of Perpetual Help church in Brooklyn, NY. He remained there in pastoral ministry until September 15, 1915.

Academic career

In 1915, Connell's superiors already had it in their plans to send him to Rome to earn a doctorate. However, conditions due to World War I made this difficult. Instead, Connell was assigned to teach dogmatic theology at Mount St. Alphonsus Seminary until 1921 when he was sent to the Pontificium Collegium Internationale Angelicum, the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in Rome. With his dissertation De scientia beata Christi he obtained a Doctorate in Sacred Theology summa cum laude. On returning to the United States, was assigned for a sort time to his previous parish in Brooklyn, and then from 1924 to 1940 he again taught dogma at the Redemptorist seminary in Esopus.[2]>

In 1940, Bishop Joseph Moran Corrigan, Rector of the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. invited Connell to teach dogma there. Connell accepted with the permission of his superiors. However, during the summer of the same year, Fr. James W. O'Brien, then professor of moral theology, was reassigned by his own bishop to a become rector of the archdiocesan seminary in Cincinnati. Connell was asked to fill O'Brien's teaching post and did so from the Autumn of 1940 until his retirement in 1958.[3] At the same time, from 1945 until 1950, he gained the additional task of serving as rector of Holy Redeemer College, in Washington, D.C. Then, from 1949 to 1957, Connell was Dean of the School of Sacred Theology at Catholic University. Additionally from 1958 to 1967, he was Dean of Religious Communities at the Catholic University, although from 1958 to 1962 he was also was professor of Sacred Sciences at St. John's University in New York.

During the 1940s Connell was a charter member and first president of the Catholic Theological Society of America.[4]

Connell was often sought for advice by bishops, priests, religious, and laity. During his time in Washington, he used to send out between two and three thousands responses by mail each year. Moreover, Connell claimed that through his teaching, letters, retreats, and conferences, he had come into contact with one-quarter of the priests in the United States.[5]

Connell's influence also spread through the media. He appeared frequently on the radio and television, such as the national "Catholic Hour," "Church of the Air," and "Washington Catholic Hour." He wrote numerous articles for the reviews Angelicum, American Ecclesiastical Review (regularly from 1943 to 1967), Clergy Review, Thought, Homiletic and Pastoral Review, and Atlantic Monthly, as well as a number of books. He was preparing a two volume text on moral theology when he died.[6]

By his own admission, the chief theological influences on him were dogmatic theologians Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange, O.P., and Fr. Gerardus Cornelis Van Noort (d. 1946); and moral theologians St. Alphonsus Liguori, B. Merkelbach, O.P., and Regatillo-Zalba, S.J. whose manuals he used in his teaching.[7]

Second Vatican Council

Connell was named a peritus for the Second Vatican Council. He was on the American Bishops' Press Panel which briefed English-speaking reporters of conciliar proceedings.[8]

Connell's Theological Vision

"One who knows dogmatic theology well is really best qualified to teach moral theology. After all, theology is one science." [9]

"The moral theologian must give guidance to people; he must explain to them how they must conduct themselves. Of course, the theologian is not a member of the Church's teaching authority – the Magisterium: he is not an official teacher of the Church. And yet, …, theologians and Scripture scholars are supposed to guide those who do officially teach in the Church. The Magisterium learns from theology." [10]

"The sensus fidelium is synonymous with the ecclesia discens-the learning Church. Recently there have been some who believe that the ecclesia docens-the teaching Church-must follow the ecclesia discens. This is wrong. It has always been that the Church gives doctrine and the faithful learn doctrine." [11]

"For the Church does not give her sacraments to those who call themselves Catholics, but knowingly reject any of her authoritative teachings. (Whether such persons can be truly called Catholics is a complicated question. But in any event, they have excluded themselves from the lawful reception of the sacraments."[12]

"I would like to point out that I have not always been labeled a conservative. Twenty-five years ago (1942), I was regarded as a liberal theologian! I regret very much this dichotomy-liberal or conservative-has been used at all. To my mind you can and should be both' liberal and conservative. The theologian must realize that there are developments in theology and that new problems have to be faced and answered. But on the other hand, he must also realize that his solutions must not oppose what the Church has taught for centuries. …. This distinction between liberal and conservative is largely due to the press at the Vatican Council." [13]

"Some theologians have changed, yes. But, I cannot see how theology has changed. I do not see how it could be changed radically, since it takes its principles from Revelation as taught by the Church. There has surely been a significant progress in theology over the last decade, but this does not mean that there has been a denial of what went before." [14]

"Prayer and theology go hand in hand. I recommend to every Catholic theologian, whether he be lay or clerical, a deep devotion to the Blessed Sacrament. Believing that Christ is truly, really, and substantially present in the Eucharist, we can derive great help from Him. We should also have a devotion to Mary, the Seat of Wisdom. Through her, we may hope to receive true wisdom from her Divine Son." [15]

Connell's Works

Dogmatic Works

Moral Works

Other Works

References

  1. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):77.
  2. ↑ Background to Morality ed. John P. Lerhinam, C.SS.R (New York: Desclee Co., 1964).
  3. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):75.
  4. ↑ L.J. Riley, "Connell, Francis J." In The New Catholic Encyclopedia: Supplement 1967-1974',' vol. 16, (Washington, DC: McGraw Hill, 1974), 97.
  5. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):76.
  6. ↑ L.J. Riley, "Connell, Francis J." In The New Catholic Encyclopedia: Supplement 1967-1974',' vol. 16, (Washington, DC: McGraw Hill, 1974), 97.
  7. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):75.
  8. ↑ L.J. Riley, "Connell, Francis J." In The New Catholic Encyclopedia: Supplement 1967-1974',' vol. 16, (Washington, DC: McGraw Hill, 1974) , 97.
  9. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):75.
  10. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):75.
  11. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):76.
  12. ↑ Francis J. Connell, C.SS.R., "Answers to Questions," 'American Ecclesiastical Review 151 (1964): 344.
  13. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):79.
  14. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967):79.
  15. ↑ Patrick Granfield, O.S.B. "An Interview with Father Connell," American Ecclesiastical Review 157 (1967): 82.