Fijivirus

Fijivirus
Virus classification
Group: Group III (dsRNA)
Order: Unassigned
Family: Reoviridae
Subfamily: Spinareovirinae
Genus: Fijivirus
Type species
Fiji disease virus
Species

Fiji disease virus
Garlic dwarf virus
Maize rough dwarf virus
Mal del Rio Cuarto virus
Nilaparvata lugens reovirus
Oat sterile dwarf virus
Pangola stunt virus
Rice black streaked dwarf virus

Taxonomy

The genus Fijivirus is a member of the Reoviridae virus family. These have double-stranded RNA genomes and are therefore group III viruses. These viruses infect plants—unusual for reoviruses—and can also replicate in their arthropod intermediate hosts.

Structure

Fijivirus genome composition contains ten linear double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and is carried within virus particles referred to as virions. The Fijivirus genome is constructed inside the virion and is non-enveloped. It contains two separate layers of capsids, an inner and an outer layer, which are constructed by proteins that shell the virus.The capsids are of icosahedral symmetry, and have an obvious round structure, which is on average 65–70 nm in diameter.

Replication

Replications of the Fijivirus occurs within the cytoplasm; the virus will diffuse through the cytoplasm of the cell. Transcription of the dsRNA genome occurs inside the virion, and this is important so that the dsRNA is not exposed to the cytoplasm. Transcription results in a positive strand that is then used as the template for translation. The positive RNAs become enclosed within the virion, and then are transcribed to give RNA molecules. With the newly formed molecule, it then becomes base-paired to produce the dsRNA genomes as described above. Mature virions are released following cell death and the breakdown of the affected hosts plasma membrane.[1]

Host/Transmission

Host: Plants (Gramineae), and planthoppers (vectors)

The virus is transmitted by planthoppers, which are insects, or other types of organisms. The virus will infect the phloem tissues of their Gramineae hosts. If the presence of a gall appears, usually located on specific parts of the plant, it can represent the first sign of the virus (Pearson 2004). Replication can occur both in the host and the vector. The plant is unable to recover from the unexpected growth and therefore can become stunted, and can eventually die.

See also

The type species is Fiji disease virus.

External links

References

  1. ↑ Major source for information was retrieved from http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/612.html