Favipiravir
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
5-Fluoro-2-oxo-1H-pyrazine-3-carboxamide | |
| Other names
T-705 | |
| Identifiers | |
| 259793-96-9 | |
| ChemSpider | 431002 |
| |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| PubChem | 492405 |
| |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula |
C5H4FN3O2 |
| Molar mass | 157.10 g·mol−1 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Favipiravir, also known as T-705 or Avigan, is an experimental antiviral drug being developed by Toyama Chemical of Japan with activity against many RNA viruses. Like some other experimental antiviral drugs (T-1105 and T-1106), it is a pyrazinecarboxamide derivative. Favipiravir is active against influenza viruses, West Nile virus, yellow fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus as well as other flaviviruses, arenaviruses, bunyaviruses and alphaviruses.[1] Activity against enteroviruses [2] and Rift Valley fever virus has also been demonstrated.[3]
The mechanism of its actions is thought to be related to the selective inhibition of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.[4] Favipiravir does not inhibit RNA or DNA synthesis in mammalian cells and is not toxic to them.[1]
In 2014, favipiravir was approved in Japan for stockpiling against influenza pandemics.[5]
Ebola virus disease
The drug appears to be effective in a mouse model of Ebola virus disease, but its efficacy against human Ebola infection is unproved.[6][7][8] During the 2014 West Africa Ebola virus outbreak, it was reported that a French nurse who contracted Ebola while volunteering for MSF in Liberia recovered after receiving a course of favipiravir.[9] A clinical trial investigating the use of favipiravir against Ebola virus disease was started in Guéckédou, Guinea, during December 2014.[10] Preliminary results showed a decrease in mortality rate in patients with low-to-moderate levels of Ebola virus in the blood, but no effect on patients with high levels of the virus, a group at a higher risk of death.[11]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Furuta, Y.; Takahashi, K.; Shiraki, K.; Sakamoto, K.; Smee, D. F.; Barnard, D. L.; Gowen, B. B.; Julander, J. G.; Morrey, J. D. (2009). "T-705 (favipiravir) and related compounds: Novel broad-spectrum inhibitors of RNA viral infections". Antiviral Research 82 (3): 95–102. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.198. PMID 19428599.
- ↑ Furuta, Y.; Gowen, B. B.; Takahashi, K.; Shiraki, K.; Smee, D. F.; Barnard, D. L. (2013). "Favipiravir (T-705), a novel viral RNA polymerase inhibitor". Antiviral Research 100 (2): 446. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.015. PMID 24084488.
- ↑ Caroline AL, Powell DS, Bethel LM, Oury TD, Reed DS, et al. (2014) Broad Spectrum Antiviral Activity of Favipiravir (T-705): Protection from Highly Lethal Inhalational Rift Valley Fever. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8(4): e2790. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002790
- ↑ Jin, Z; Smith, L. K.; Rajwanshi, V. K.; Kim, B; Deval, J (2013). "The ambiguous base-pairing and high substrate efficiency of T-705 (Favipiravir) Ribofuranosyl 5'-triphosphate towards influenza a virus polymerase". PLoS ONE 8 (7): e68347. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068347. PMC 3707847. PMID 23874596.
- ↑ "Ebola Drug From Japan May Emerge Among Key Candidates". Bloomberg.com. 7 August 2014.
- ↑ Gatherer D (2014). "The 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa". J. Gen. Virol. 95 (Pt 8): 1619–1624. doi:10.1099/vir.0.067199-0. PMID 24795448.
- ↑ Oestereich, L.; Lüdtke, A.; Wurr, S.; Rieger, T.; Muñoz-Fontela, C.; Günther, S. (2014). "Successful treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection with T-705 (favipiravir) in a small animal model". Antiviral Research 105: 17–21. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.02.014. PMID 24583123.
- ↑ Smither, S. J.; Eastaugh, L. S.; Steward, J. A.; Nelson, M; Lenk, R. P.; Lever, M. S. (2014). "Post-exposure efficacy of oral T-705 (Favipiravir) against inhalational Ebola virus infection in a mouse model". Antiviral Research 104: 153–5. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.01.012. PMID 24462697.
- ↑ http://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/world/french-nurse-cured-of-ebola-contracted-in-liberia/ar-BB7r1UJ
- ↑ "Guinea: Clinical Trial for Potential Ebola Treatment Started in MSF Clinic in Guinea". AllAfrica - All the Time. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
- ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/05/science/ebola-drug-has-encouraging-early-results-and-questions-follow.html?smid=tw-share&_r=0
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