FIXatdl

FIXatdl ("FIX Algorithmic Trading Definition Language") is a standard for the exchange of meta-information required to enable algorithmic trading activity within the financial markets. It works in tandem with the Financial Information eXchange (FIX) protocol which is the lingua franca of electronic trading in the securities market.

Background

Prior to the mid-nineties, virtually all trading of securities was transacted over the phone, but with the advent of FIX, trading moved steadily over to electronic means. The FIX protocol is used to communicate between sell-side and the buy-side Order Management Systems (OMS) to exchange orders and order execution information without human intervention, using standardised messages and workflows that are defined by the protocol. Initially, sell-side firms only provided access to their 'trading desks' via FIX, which meant that once an order arrived at the sell-side broker, it was handled by a human trader, at least at the start of its lifecycle. Subsequently, sell-side firms started to offer direct access via FIX to the exchanges/markets they were members of; this is known as direct market access (DMA). At this time, many sell-side firms had their own proprietary systems to trade automatically in the market, using algorithmic trading strategies, and over time they began to see that offering access to these trading strategies to the buy-side was a way to attract business and increase revenue.

Whilst FIX is an extensible protocol, there were two challenges that arose as a result of sell-side firms offering access to their algorithmic trading strategies via FIX. The first was that each sell-side strategy had its own parameters that had to be included as part of the order, so every firm ended up requiring a different set of fields (known in FIX as "tags") to be included in the FIX message. This made life very difficult for the buy-side, and more particularly for their suppliers as adding new algorithms to their trading systems and managing all the different combinations of tags became a significant overhead for their development operations.

The second issue for the market was that each sell-side firm had a specific way they wanted their algorithms to be displayed on the buy-side OMS, with controls in the user interface arranged logically for easy order entry. Again this proved a challenge for the buy-side systems vendors, as each new screen for each sell-side broker required dedicated development and testing effort.

History

To tackle these issues, FIX Protocol Limited established the Algorithmic Trading Working Group in Q3 2004.[1] The initial focus of the group was to solve the first of these issues, which it did by defining a new group of fields, the StrategyParametersGrp, made up of FIX tags 957 through 960 – these tags were formally introduced with the release of FIX 5.0 in Q4 2006. By allowing sell-side firms to include their proprietary fields in a repeating name-value pair structure, there was no requirement for OMS vendors to define specific FIX message structures for each sell-side trading destination.

This solution was not broadly adopted, in part because of the limited penetration of FIX 5.0 and in part due to the fact that firms already had working implementations in the market place that they were unwilling to change without good cause. Perhaps more importantly, it failed to solve what was the more substantial issue for the market, the complexity for the buy-side vendors resulting from lack of standardisation.

The idea of using an XML structure to describe the presentation of algorithm user interfaces and their accompanying parameters was firstly suggested within the working group by Daniel Clayden, then of JP Morgan Chase in a 2005 forum posting.[2] Members of the working group developed this idea during 2006 and in January 2007 invited broader industry participation at a workshop to review their ideas.[3] A specification was eventually produced and this began beta testing in July 2007.[4] This specification became FIXatdl 1.0 which was approved by the FPL Global Technical Committee (GTC) on March 28, 2008.

Despite some initial enthusiasm, overall Version 1.0 had a lacklustre reception by the marketplace. Some vendors saw an opportunity to provide services around the standard, such as ULLINK with their algorithm publication and management and tool UL AMS but whilst the major OMS vendors were irritated by the overhead of implementing new broker algorithms, they had grown to enjoy the revenue that they could command from both their customers and from brokers keen to get their algorithms onto buy-side desks.

Although Version 1.0 was a major step forward, it had some significant limitations. In particular, the definition of the data to be transmitted and its presentation on the user interface were tightly bound together, limiting the flexibility sell-side brokers had in defining their algorithms. The 1.0 specification also afforded insufficient control in terms of user interface layouts. The working group set out to address these limitations in what was to become Version 1.1 on the specification. The first major change was to split the definition of the data content from the presentation, defining what is referred to as a separate "Data Contract" made up of the algorithm parameters, their data types and supporting information such as minimum and maximum values. A separate section of the XML document is then concerned with the layout of the user interface, what controls to use for each parameter and where to place them on the screen. An XSD schema is provided to ensure that FIXatdl files are valid and well-formed.

FIXatdl Version 1.1 was preliminarily approved by the GTC on February 9, 2010, when it entered a public comment period, and then finally approved on March 3, 2010. The specification was formally introduced to the market at the FPL’s Europe Middle East and Africa conference on March 23, 2010.[5]

Document structure

A FIXatdl document can contain one or more strategy definitions. Within a strategy definition, there are four main sections as follows:

FIXatdl documents should validate against the set of XSD schema provided by FPL. These schema are organised into the following four categories:

User interface capabilities

Strategy panels

Version 1.1 supports 14 different user interface controls, which can be grouped as follows:

Controls are laid out using a hierarchy of panels (referred to as StrategyPanels), each of which can be horizontal or vertical in orientation. The picture on the right shows how the XML elements refer to the individual panels within a given layout.

Adoption

Unlike the previous version, Version 1.1 looks set to be widely accepted and adopted by the securities industry. Even at the end of 2009, there were already firms using the 1.1 standard, despite its pre-release status. Examples of firms supporting the FIXatdl standard include:

There are also open source Java and .NET implementations, atdl4j and Atdl4net respectively, which are both Version 1.1 compliant.

Other user interface standards

The question has often been asked, why doesn’t FIXatdl use an off-the-shelf user interface standard, such as Mozilla’s XUL, Microsoft’s Windows Presentation Foundation or Apache Flex? This is a valid question, but it seems that the authors of the specification wanted to maintain complete platform independence and adopting any one platform would risk damaging this proposition. Whilst lacking the degree of sophistication of some of these platforms, the current specification provides an acceptable degree of control in terms of user interface layout without being unduly restrictive. It remains to be seen how this design choice will pan out, and it does seem likely that further refinement of this part of the specification will be needed as adoption grows.

See also

References

  1. Algorithmic Trading & FIX: Extending the Reach of FIX, FPL, November 2004: http://www.jandj.com/presentations/wednesday/AlgoTradingFIX.pdf
  2. Daniel Clayden’s original post on the concept of what became FIXatdl: http://www.fixprotocol.org/discuss/read/d3b2124e
  3. FPL Call for Participation, January 2007: http://www.fixprotocol.org/documents/1994/Algo%20workshop%20details_20070108.doc
  4. FPL Announces FIX Algorithmic Trading Definition Language Enters Beta Phase, Automated Trading, July 2007: http://www.automatedtrader.net/news/algorithmic-trading-news/756/fpl-announces-fix-algorithmic-trading-definition-language-enters-beta-phase
  5. FIXatdl on the FIX EMEA 2010 Protocol Conference agenda: http://fixprotocol.org/fplevents/emea_2010/program.html
  6. RealTick adds latest Deutsche Bank Algorithms: http://www.automatedtrader.net/news/ems-news/26664/realtick-adds-latest-deutsche-bank-algorithms
  7. Portware's adoption of FIXatdl: http://www.portware.com/flash/files/news/pressreleases/download/Portware%20FIXatdl%20FINAL.pdf
  8. Cornerstone Technology Helps Firms Accelerate FIXatdl Readiness http://www.prweb.com/releases/FIXatdl/jump-start/prweb3765284.htm
  9. Cornerstone Technology Announces First Public FIXatdl Training Courses http://www.prweb.com/releases/FIXatdl/jump-start/prweb3765284.htm

External links