Führer Grenadier Brigade

Führer Grenadier Brigade (FGB)

Divisional insignia of Großdeutschland
Active Raised April 1943, Surrendered May 1945
Country Nazi Germany
Branch Infantry
Type mechanized infantry
Part of Created as Grenadier Battalion, expanded on paper to Grenadier Division 1945.
Garrison/HQ Rastenburg, East Prussia, Fallsingbostel
Engagements Grosswaltersdorf, Herbstnebel
Commanders
Notable
commanders		 Oberst Hans-Joachim Kahler

The Führer Grenadier Brigade was an élite German Heer combat unit which saw action during World War II. The Führer Grenadier Brigade is sometimes mistakenly perceived as being a part of the Waffen-SS, whereas it was actually a Heer unit and technically assigned to the Großdeutschland Division. This misconception comes from its original duty of guarding Adolf Hitler's East Prussian Wolfsschanze Headquarters, a task which sounded similar to the original one of Waffen-SS 1. Panzer Division "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler", which in turn stemmed from the Führer's original bodyguard corps. Fighting on both the eastern and western fronts, the brigade surrendered to U.S. forces in Austria in 1945.

Creation and Early History

The Führer Grenadier Battalion was raised in April, 1943 to act as a second guard unit on the outer perimeter of Hitler's Wolfsschanze in Rastenburg, East Prussia.

Despite the idea of Hitler's bodyguards being drawn from the SS, a small detachment was drawn from the Wach Regiment to become Hitler's private bodyguard. This unit was called the Führer Begleit (or Führer Escort), and was to eventually be expanded to divisional size (see Führer Begleit Brigade).

Brigade - Eastern Front

In 1944, the battalion was reorganized as an armored brigade at Fallingbostel. Personnel were drawn from the Großdeutschland Division pool of hand-picked personnel. In October 1944, it was assigned to XXVII Korps of the Fourth Army and sent to the vicinity of Gumbinnen. They fought at Daken and Grosswaltersdorf from October 21–23. The brigade operated in conjunction with 5th Panzer Division and the 'Hermann Göring" Division.

Western Front - Wacht am Rhein

Between December 11–17, 1944, the brigade was sent west to participate in Operation Herbstnebel. The brigade's composition did not match any standard unit configuration. The Großdeutschland Division never fought on the western front in 1944–45 (it did see action in the 1940 invasion of France but in regiment form), however, the Führer Grenadier Brigade was technically a part of the division and some photographs show the Großdeutschland Insignia from the Battle of the Bulge. As a part of Großdeutschland, FGB was permitted to wear cuff-title insignia. The Großdeutschland was ordered to wear the cuff title on the right sleeve (as did veterans of the North African campaign or the taking of Crete with their own honour bands), while the SS wore theirs on the left. In 1945, the brigade was awarded their own cuff title, FGB. FGB was assigned to Seventh Army Reserve for Operation Herbstnebel.

Großdeutschland Insignia

Division - 1945

The brigade was pulled from the line in early January. On paper, it was enlarged to a division and assigned to Heeresgruppe Vistula. In April, it was reassigned to Sixth SS-Panzer Army. The Führer Grenadier Division surrendered to U.S. troops in May 1945 near Vienna, Austria.

Commanders

Führer Grenadier Brigade (April 1943 – May 1945)
In work 1
In work 1
Oberst Hans-Joachim Kahler (badly wounded) July 10, 1944 – December 23, 1944
Major von Courbière December 1944 – January 1945
Generalmajor Hellmuth Mäder (Führer Grenadier Division) January 26, 1945 – February 1, 1945
Generalmajor Erich von Haßenstein (February 1, 1945 – May 8, 1945) February 1, 1945 – May 8, 1945

Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross

101 Panzer Regiment

Hauptmann Herbert Hensel, Knight's Cross on March 5, 1945 as Commander of the II. Abteilung (Panzer-Füsilier-Bataillon)/Panzer-Regiment 101 (former I./PzGrenRegt 99).

99 Panzergrenadier Regiment

Major Ernst-Günter Lehnhoff, Knight's Cross on December 12, 1944 as Commander of the Panzer-Füsilier-Bataillon of the Führer-Grenadier-Brigade (I./PzGrenRegt 99).

Order of battle

1 Companie - 12 Panthers
2 Companie - 12 Panthers
3 Companie - 12 Panthers
4 Companie - 11 Jagdpanthers with 88mm Pak 43
5 Companie - 14 Stug III

92 Armored Personnel Carriers

12 - 150mm guns (10 guns on loan to Skorzeny's Panzer Brigade 150 during Herbstnebel)

1 Companie - 10 Stug III
2 Companie - 14 Stug III
3 Companie - 6 Stug III

See also

List of German divisions in World War II

Bibliography

Printed references

Web resources