Eurybia macrophylla
| Largeleaf aster | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Tribe: | Astereae |
| Genus: | Eurybia |
| Species: | E. macrophylla |
| Binomial name | |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Eurybia macrophylla, commonly known as the bigleaf aster, largeleaf aster or bigleaf wood aster, is an herbaceous perennial in the composite family that was formerly treated in the genus Aster. It is native to eastern North America where it stretches from the south of the boreal forests of Canada through the northeastern deciduous and mixed forests of New England and south along the Blue Ridge Mountain through the United States. The flowers appear in the late summer to early fall and show ray florets that are usually either a deep lavender or violet, but sometimes white, and disc florets that are cream-coloured or light yellow, becoming purple as they mature. It is one of the parent species of the hybrid Eurybia × herveyi.
Distribution and habitat
Eurybia macrophylla is native to the eastern United States and Canada. In the latter country it can be found in Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. In the United States it can be found in all states east of and including Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri and Tennessee, but excluding states south of North Carolina. It may also be present in Mississippi. The plant has also been introduced outside of its native range into northern Europe. It is most often encountered at 0 to 1300 metre elevations in moist to dry soils in association with hemlock-northern hardwood, beech-maple or pine forests, Appalachian spruce-fir forests, as well as with aspen, pine or open spruce woodlands. It can also be found in thickets, clearings or along shaded roadsides.[2]
Uses
The large, thick young leaves can be cooked and eaten as greens.[3] The Algonquin people of Quebec use the leaves in this way.[4]
The Iroquois use the root as a blood medicine, and they also use a compound decoction of the roots to loosen the bowels to treat venereal disease.[5] The Ojibwa bathe their heads with an infusion of this plant to treat headaches.[6] They also smoke it as hunting charm to attract deer.[7] They also consume the young leaves of the plant as both food and medicine,[8] and they also use the roots to make soup.[8]
References
- ↑ NatureServe (2006), "Eurybia macrophylla", NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life, Version 6.1., Arlington, Virginia, retrieved 2007-06-13
- ↑ Brouillet, Luc (2006), "Eurybia macrophylla", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+, Flora of North America 20, New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 375
- ↑ Thieret, John W. (2001), National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, New York: Random House, p. 369, ISBN 0-375-40232-2
- ↑ Black, Meredith Jean 1980 Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec. Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65 (p. 108)
- ↑ Herrick, James William 1977 Iroquois Medical Botany. State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis (p. 462)
- ↑ Smith, Huron H. 1932 Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians. Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525 (p. 363)
- ↑ Smith, p.429
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Smith, p.398