Eterna

This article is about the Swiss watch company. For the citizen science game, see EteRNA.
Eterna
Industry Watch manufacturing
Founded 1856 by Josef Girard and Urs Schild
Headquarters Grenchen, Switzerland
Website www.eterna.ch
Eterna, detail
Eterna-Matic, Cal. 1414U, 1958

Eterna is a Swiss luxury watch company founded in Grenchen, Canton Solothurn on 7 November 1856 by Josef Girard and Urs Schild.[1]

History

On 7 November 1856, Dr. Joseph Girard and Urs Schild, a 28-year-old school teacher, founded the ébauche factory "Dr. Girard & Schild“. Eight years later the enterprise set out the mutual rights and obligations of employees and employers in writing. Urs Schild became a National Councilor in 1882. Six years later, he died at the age of 58. After the death of Urs Schild his son Max took over the company and soon made a business trip to the United States. He returned to introduce, to the craftsman, machinery. Max Schild was ahead of his time and his ideas were unpopular. Discouraged he left the company and handed power over to his brother Theodore, with whom Eterna entered a prosperous 20th century.

In the 1900s, wristwatches were just starting to become fashionable. Schild Fréres, as the company was then known, started to produce lady’s wristwatches adapted from small pocket watches. In 1905, the company changed their name to Eterna. The company continued to be at the leading edge of watch development, and in 1908 it patented the first alarm wristwatch. The watch went into production in 1914 and was launched at the Swiss National Exhibition in Berne that year.

By 1932, Eterna had set up a subsidiary company, ETA, to make movements for itself and other Swiss watch companies. This same year, Theodore retired and handed over the control of the company to his nephew Rudolf Schild. Theodore remained on the board of directors after retirement until his death in 1950.

Eterna produced many innovations in their history, the smallest production wristwatch with a Baguette movement in 1930, an eight-day alarm watch in the 1930s and their first automatic watch in 1938.

In 1948, Eterna advanced self-winding watch technology with the development of the Eterna-matic automatic movement. The use of five strategically placed ball bearings made the movement very efficient and significantly reduced friction and resistance on the oscillating weight that wound the mainspring. This reduced the wear and tear on internal parts, increasing the watch’s accuracy and its useful life. The new watch became popular soon and is probably the most famous Eterna watch and may be one of Eterna's greatest designs. Its popularity was such that in 1948 Eterna adopted the image of five ball bearings as its corporate logo.

After 1982, Eterna was sold several times. By 1995, it was owned by F.A.P. Beteiligungs GmbH. In 1999, Eterna produced a range of watches marketed under the Porsche Design label. Porsche Design sold Eterna to International Volant Ltd, a subsidiary of China Haidian on 30 June 2012.

In the 2000s Eterna resumed manufacturing watches and creating the Calibre 6036 in 2004. The ultra-thin automatic 3030 was produced for the 150th anniversary in 2006. In 2009, half-century after the Eterna-Matic, the "Spherodrive" once again highlighted the significance of tiny ball-bearings in mechanical watchmaking. The company remains active in wristwatch design[2]

Milestones

Collections

Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Brunner, Gisbert L.; Pfeiffer-Belli, Christian et al. (1999). Wristwatches, Armbanduhren, Montres-bracelets. Köln, Germany: Könemann im Tandem. ISBN 9783829006606. OCLC 716528869.
  2. ↑ Brunner, Gisbert L.; Eterna, SA (2006). Pfeiffer-Belli, Christian, ed. Eterna, Pioneers in Watchmaking Since 1856. Ulm, Germany: Ebner. ISBN 9783033009851.

External links