Escape to Victory

Escape to Victory
Poster for North American edition
Directed by	John Huston
Produced by	Freddie Fields Executive Gordon McLendon Mario Kassar Andrew G. Vajna
Screenplay by	Evan Jones Yabo Yablonsky
Story by	Yabo Yablonsky Djordje Milicevic Jeff Maguire
Based on	Two Half Times in Hell  by Zoltán Fábri
Starring	Sylvester Stallone Michael Caine Max von Sydow Pelé
Music by	Bill Conti
Cinematography	Gerry Fisher
Edited by	Roberto Silvi
Production company	Lorimar
Distributed by	Paramount Pictures
Release dates	July 30, 1981 (1981-07-30)
Running time	117 minutes
Country	United States United Kingdom
Language	English
Budget	$10 million[1]
Box office	$27,453,418[2][3]

Escape to Victory, known simply as Victory in North America, is a 1981 film about Allied prisoners of war who are interned in a German prison camp during World War II who play an exhibition match of Association football against a German team. The film was directed by John Huston and stars Michael Caine, Sylvester Stallone, Max von Sydow and Daniel Massey.

The film received great attention upon its theatrical release, as it also starred professional footballers Bobby Moore, Osvaldo Ardiles, Kazimierz Deyna, Paul Van Himst, Mike Summerbee, Hallvar Thoresen, Werner Roth and Pelé. Numerous Ipswich Town players were also in the film, including John Wark, Russell Osman, Laurie Sivell, Robin Turner and Kevin O'Callaghan. Further Ipswich Town players stood in for actors in the football scenes – Kevin Beattie for Michael Caine, and Paul Cooper for Sylvester Stallone. The script was written by Yabo Yablonsky. The film was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival.^[4]

Plot

Association football (soccer) plays a central role of the film. A team of Allied prisoners of war (POWs), coached and led by English Captain John Colby (Michael Caine), a professional footballer for West Ham United before the war, agree to play an exhibition match against a German team, only to find themselves involved in a German propaganda stunt.

Colby is the captain and essentially the manager of the team and thus chooses his squad of players. American POW Hatch (Sylvester Stallone) is not initially chosen, but eventually nags the reluctant Colby into letting him on the team as the team's trainer. Hatch needs to be with the team to facilitate his upcoming escape attempt.

Colby's superior officers repeatedly try to convince Colby to use the match as an opportunity for an escape attempt, but Colby consistently refuses, fearing that such an attempt will only result in getting his players killed. Meanwhile, Hatch has been planning his unrelated escape attempt, and Colby's superiors agree to help him, if he in return agrees to journey to Paris, make contact with the French Resistance, and try to convince them to help the soccer team escape.

Hatch succeeds in escaping the prison camp, traveling to Paris, and finding the Resistance; at first, the Resistance decides that the plan to help the football team escape is too risky, but once they realise the game will be at the Colombes Stadium they plan the escape using a tunnel from the Paris sewer system to the showers in the players' changing room. They convince Hatch to let himself be recaptured, so he can pass information along back to the leading British officers at the prison camp.

Hatch gets recaptured and is put in solitary confinement. Because he is in solitary confinement, the prisoners don't know whether an escape has been planned with the underground so Colby tells the Germans that he needs Hatch on the team because Hatch is the backup goalkeeper and the starting goalkeeper has broken his arm. Colby actually has to break the existing goalkeeper's arm because the Germans want proof of his injury before they will agree to let Hatch onto the team.

In the end, the POWs can leave the German camp only to play the match; they are to be imprisoned again following the match. The resistance's tunnelers break through to the showers in the dressing room at halftime (in an escape led by Hatch) but the rest of the team (led by Russell Osman saying "but we can win this") want to persuade him to carry on with the game, despite being behind 4-1 at halftime.

Despite the match officials being heavily biased towards the Germans, and the German team causing several deliberate injuries to the Allied players, a draw is achieved after great performances from Luis Fernandez (portrayed by Pelé), Carlos Rey (portrayed by Osvaldo Ardiles) and Arthur Hayes (portrayed by John Wark). Hatch plays goalkeeper, and makes excellent saves including one last save from a penalty kick as time expires to deny the Germans the win, drawing the game 4–4. Before the penalty kick the POWs had scored a goal which was disallowed by the referee for a dubious offside decision, making the more difficult to take.

They manage to escape at the end of the game, amid the confusion caused by the crowd storming the field (shouting "victoire") after Hatch preserves the draw.

Selected cast

Actors

Michael Caine	Capt. John Colby
Sylvester Stallone	Capt. Robert Hatch
Max Von Sydow	Maj. Karl Von Steiner
George Mikell	Kommandant
Anton Diffring	Radio Announcer
Carole Laure	Renée
Gary Waldhorn	Mueller
Benoît Ferreux	Jean Paul
Clive Merrison	The Forger
Maurice Roëves	Pyrie
Michael Cochrane	Farrell
Zoltán Gera	Victor
Tim Pigott-Smith	Rose
Daniel Massey	Col. Waldron
Jean-François Stévenin	Claude
Arthur Brauss	Capt. Lutz

Footballers

Pelé	Corporal Luis Fernandez
Bobby Moore	Terry Brady
John Wark	Arthur Hayes
Osvaldo Ardiles	Carlos Rey
Kazimierz Deyna	Paul Wolchek
Søren Lindsted	Erik Ball
Paul Van Himst	Michel Fileu
Werner Roth	Baumann (German Team Captain)
Mike Summerbee	Sid Buzzer Harmor
Hallvar Thoresen	Gunnar Hilsson
Russell Osman	Doug Clure
Kevin O'Callaghan	Tony Lewis
Co Prins	Pieter Van Beck
Laurie Sivell	Schmidt (German Goalkeeper)
Robin Turner	German Player
Kevin Beattie	Stand-in for Michael Caine
Paul Cooper	Stand-in for Sylvester Stallone

Les Shannon, a former Burnley player, choreographed the actual game presented in the film. The movie also credits Pelé as the designer of plays. World Cup winning goalkeeper Gordon Banks coached Sylvester Stallone. Stallone's character states that he is an enlisted member of the Canadian Army and a Maple Leaf shaped regimental badge can be seen on his beret throughout the film. The game was filmed in the Hidegkuti Nándor Stadium in Budapest, Hungary. In the film, Pelé plays a character from Trinidad and Tobago rather than his real-life native land of Brazil. While Brazil eventually joined the Allied cause and its soldiers fought against the Germans in the Italian theatre, their operations started too late in the war (mid-1944) for the presence of a Brazilian POW to be believable at the date of the movie's events.

Basis of the story

The movie is based on the 1962 Hungarian film drama Két félidő a pokolban ("Two half-times in Hell"), which was directed by Zoltán Fábri and won the critics' award at the 1962 Boston Cinema Festival.^[5]

The film was inspired by the now discredited story of the so-called Death Match in which FC Dynamo Kyiv defeated German soldiers while Ukraine was occupied by German troops in World War II. According to myth, as a result of their victory, the Ukrainians were all shot. The true story is considerably more complex, as the team played a series of matches against German teams, emerging victorious in all of them, before any of them were sent to prison camps by the Gestapo. Only four players were documented as being killed by the Germans, and their deaths were long after the dates of the matches they had won.^[6]

Actors and footballers

Escape to Victory featured a great many professional footballers as both the POW team and the German team. Many of the footballers came from the Ipswich Town squad, who were at the time one of the most successful teams in Europe. Despite not appearing on screen, English World Cup-winning goalkeeper Gordon Banks and Alan Thatcher was closely involved in the film, working with Sylvester Stallone on his goalkeeping scenes. Sports Illustrated magazine said "the game is marvelously photographed by Gerry Fisher, under second unit director Robert Riger."^[7]

Music

Nearly all of the film's music score borrows heavily from the first and last movements of Dmitri Shostakovich's Leningrad Symphony, particularly the march theme of the first movement, which is almost quoted verbatim, a practice which the composer Bill Conti would later employ in The Right Stuff with Tchaikovsky's Violin Concerto. Shostakovich's Symphony No. 7 has always been associated with secondary meanings within the music aimed at the Stalinist regime's overwhelming repression of individualism and freedom of expression, but at the time of its composition during the war was said to represent the oppression of Nazism. At the end of the film, the last part of Shostakovich's Symphony No. 5 is also used to signify the triumphant conclusion of the story. However, while the music may fulfil the final moments of Escape to Victory's exultant ending explicitly, it is believed Shostakovich wrote the ending to his symphony to imply forced rejoicing under an authoritarian force.

References

External links

• Escape to Victory at the Internet Movie Database
• Escape to Victory at AllMovie
• Escape to Victory at Box Office Mojo
• Escape to Victory at Rotten Tomatoes
• Escape to Victory at the TCM Movie Database
• Escape To Victory Website
• Escape To Victory - Photos
• The Game of Death — Australian National Centre for History Education, concerning the events this film was based on.