Elections in Turkey
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The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi) has 550 members, elected for a four-year term (five years before the 2007 referendum) by a system based on closed list proportional representation according to the D'Hondt method.
To participate in the distribution of seats, a party must obtain at least 10% of the votes cast at the national level as well as a percentage of votes in the contested district according to a complex formula. It is the highest electoral threshold in the world. The president was elected for a seven-year term by the parliament prior to the 2007 constitutional changes, and will be elected for at most two consecutive five-year terms in the future.
Turkey has a multi-party system, with two or three strong parties and often a fourth party that is electorally successful. Since 1950, parliamentary politics has been dominated by conservative parties. Even the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) tends to identify itself with the "tradition" of Democrat Party (DP). The leftist parties, most notable of which is the Republican People's Party (CHP) draw much of their support from big cities, coastal regions, professional middle-class, civil service, military officers, and the religious minority of Alevi.[1]
The last general election was the one that took place on 12 June 2011.
General elections
Latest election
- Turkish general election, 2011 – June 12, 2011 – Total: 550
Past elections
- Turkish general election, 2007 – July 22, 2007 – Total: 550
- Turkish general election, 2002 – November 3, 2002 – Total: 555
- Turkish general election, 1999 – April 18, 1999 – Total: 550
- Turkish general election, 1995 – December 24, 1995 – Total: 550
- Turkish general election, 1991 – October 20, 1991 – Total: 450
- Turkish general election, 1987 – November 29, 1987 – Total: 450
- Turkish general election, 1983 – November 6, 1983 – Total: 399
- Turkish general election, 1977 – June 5, 1977 – Total: 450
- CHP: 213 seats
- AP: 189 seats
- MSP: 24 seats
- MHP: 16 seats
- CGP: 3 seats
- DP: 1 seat
- Independent: 4 seats
- Turkish general election, 1973 – October 14, 1973 – Total: 450
- CHP: 185 seats
- AP: 149 seats
- MSP: 48 seats
- DP: 45 seats
- CGP: 13 seats
- MHP: 3 seats
- TBP: 1 seats
- Independent: 6
- Turkish general election, 1969 – October 12, 1969 – Total: 450
- AP: 256 seats
- CHP: 143 seats
- GP: 15 seats
- BP: 8 seats
- MP: 6 seats
- YTP: 6 seats
- TİP: 2 seats
- MHP: 1 seat
- Independent: 13 seats
- Turkish general election, 1965 – October 10, 1965 – Total: 450
- AP: 240 seats
- CHP: 134 seats
- MP: 31 seats
- YTP: 19 seats
- TİP: 14 seats
- CMKP: 11 seats
- Independent: 1 seat
- Turkish general election, 1961 – October 15, 1961 – Total: 450
- Turkish general election, 1957 – October 27, 1957 – Total: 610
- Turkish general election, 1954 – May 2, 1954 – Total: 541
- Turkish general election, 1950 – May 14, 1950 – Total: 539
- DP: 470 seats
- CHP: 69 seats
- Turkish general election, 1946 – July 21, 1946 – Total: 465
- CHP: 396 seats
- DP: 62 seats
- Independent: 7 seats
- Turkish general election, 1943 – February 28, 1943
- Turkish general election, 1939 – March 26, 1939
- Turkish general election, 1935 – February 8, 1935
- Turkish general election, 1931 – April 25, 1931 – Total: 317
- CHP: 287 seats
- Independent: 30 seats
- Turkish general election, 1927 – 2nd round: July 27, 1927 – MP election: September 1, 1927
- Turkish general election, 1923 – June 28, 1923
Presidential elections
Main article: History of Turkish presidential elections
- Turkish presidential election, 2014, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan succeeded Abdullah Gül
- Turkish presidential election, 2007, Abdullah Gül succeeded Ahmet Necdet Sezer
- Turkish presidential election, 2000, Ahmet Necdet Sezer succeeded Süleyman Demirel
- Turkish presidential election, 1993, Süleyman Demirel succeeded Turgut Özal
- Turkish presidential election, 1989, Turgut Özal succeeded Kenan Evren
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 1982, Kenan Evren named president in new constitution until 1989
- Turkish presidential election, 1980, parties failed to elect a president to succeed Fahri Korutürk, 1980 Turkish coup d'état ensued
Local elections
Latest election
- Turkish local elections, 2014 – March 30, 2014
Past elections
- Turkish local elections, 2009 – March 22, 2009
- Turkish local elections, 2004 – March 28, 2004
- Turkish local elections, 1999 – April 18, 1999
- Turkish local elections, 1994 – March 27, 1994
- Turkish local elections, 1989 – March 26, 1989
- Turkish local elections, 1984 – March 25, 1984
- Turkish local elections, 1977 – December 11, 1977
- Turkish local elections, 1973 – December 9, 1973
- Turkish local elections, 1968 – June 2, 1968
- Turkish local elections, 1963 – November 17, 1963
- Turkish local elections, 1955
- Turkish local elections, 1950 – September 3, 1950
- DP: 560 municipalities
- CHP: 40 municipalities
- Turkish local elections, 1942
- Turkish local elections, 1938
- Turkish local elections, 1934
Referendums
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 2010
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 2007
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 1988
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 1987
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 1982
- Turkish constitutional referendum, 1961
See also
- Electoral cycle of Turkey
- List of Turkish elections
- List of Cabinets of Turkey
- Electoral calendar
- Electoral system
References
External links
- Adam Carr's Election Archive
- Parties and elections
- European Court of Human Rights decision on the threshold
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