Egyptian Air Defense Forces
| Egyptian Air Defense Command قوات الدفاع الجوي | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Active | 1968 - Present |
| Country |
 Egypt |
| Branch | Air Defense |
| Type | Land Based Aerial Defense Network |
| Part of | Egyptian Armed Forces |
| Garrison/HQ | Alexandria, Egypt |
| Motto |
إيمان, عزم, مجد Faith, Will, Glory |
| Anniversaries | June, 30 |
| Commanders | |
| Commander Of The Egyptian Air Defense | Lt. Gen. Abd Al-Moniem Al-Terras |
| Chief of Air Defense Staff | Maj. Gen. Abou-elmagd Ahmed Haroun |
| Insignia | |
| Flag |
 |
| Insignia | Egyptian Army ranks |
The Egyptian Air Defense Command or EADC (Arabic: قوات الدفاع الجوي, Quwwat El-Difa' El-Gawwi), is Egypt's military command responsible for air defense, part of the Military of Egypt. Egypt patterned its Air Defense Force (ADF) after the Soviet Air Defence Forces, which integrated all its air defense capabilities – antiaircraft guns, rocket and missile units, interceptor planes, and radar and warning installations.
The Commander in Chief is Lieutenant General Abd Al-Moniem Al-Terras[1] and the Chief of Air Defense Staff is major general Magdy Fouad Hegazy. The Egyptian air defense forces consists of 30,000 officers & soldiers plus 40,000 conscripts.
History
After most of the country's aircraft was destroyed on ground by Israel during the Six-Day War in 1967, the military placed responsibility for air defense under one commander, the results of which proved positive by the air defense's performance in the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
Weaponry
It is undergoing extensive modernization with bugdetary constraints being the only hindrance to what was once dubbed by Israeli air force generals during the 1973 Ramadan (Yom Kippur) war as "the most extensive and sophisticated air-defense system in the world after the one defending the U.S.S.R...". Currently, it is believed to possess the following weaponry:
Modern low, medium and high altitude SAMs of American, French, Russian design or local license built, including:
Regional Air Defense Missile Systems
Regional/Strategic Perimeter level SAM
- MIM-104(PAC-3) missile: 4 Batteries (8 Stationary (towed) units per Battery, 16 missiles per unit plus 2 reloads each)
- Modernized MIM-23 HAWK "Improved HAWK" missile: 18 Batteries (6 SP units per Battery, 3 missiles per unit plus 2 reloads each) (Medium/High Altitude, Medium Range SAM)
- 9K37 Buk-M1 missile: 10 batteries purchased in 2005
- 9M317 Buk-M2 missile: Purchased in 2013. [in service with unspecified number]
- Modernized SA-3 2M Pechora missile: 43 Batteries (each with 2 Stationary units, 4 missiles per Stationary unit plus 1 reload each) (Low/Medium Altitude, Medium Range SAM)
- Indigenous Tayer el-sabah (Morning Bird) (reverse-engineered and modernized SA-2 Guideline S-75 Dvina missile: 40 Batteries (6 single units per Battery, 2 reloads each)(Medium/High Altitude, Long Range SAM)
Army Corps and Division level SAM
- SLAMRAAM (pending US Federal Government Approval\congressional oversight)'
- 9K331 Tor-M1 missile : 16 firing units
- 9K332 Tor-M2 :Purchased in 2013 [in service with unspecified numbers]
- Modernized SA-3 2M Pechora missile: 10 Batteries (6 SP units per Battery, 2 missiles per S/P unit plus 1 reload per unit) (Low/Medium Altitude, Medium Range SAM)
- Modernized SA-6 Gainful missile: 14 Batteries (6 SP units per Battery, 3 missiles per unit plus 1 reload each)(Low/Medium Altitude, Medium Range SAM)
Field Point Defense Surface to Air Systems
Brigade and Battalion level SAM
- Skyguard "Amoun" anti-aircraft system Aspide 2000 missile: 40 Batteries " 18 battalion + 4 batteries for training " (2 4-cell Aspide missile launchers and 2 Oerlikon GDF-005 twin 35mm guns with one Skyguard Fire Control System per battery).
- Modernized Crotale NG missile: 16 Batteries (9 units per Battery, 4 Missiles per unit plus 2 reloads each)(SP Low/Medium Altitude, Short Range SAM)
- MIM-72/M48 Chaparral low-altitude SAM AIM-9 "Sidewinder": 86 SP units (4 Missiles per unit plus 2 reloads each)(SP Low Altitude, Short Range SAM)
- AN/TWQ-1 Avenger : 75 Batteries ( 4/8 ready-to-fire FIM-92 Stinger missiles + .50 caliber machine gun with an electronic trigger that can be fired from both the Remote Control Unit (RCU) located in the drivers cab, and from the handstation located in the Avenger turret )( provides mobile, short-range air defense protection for ground units against cruise missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, low-flying fixed-wing aircraft, and helicopters )
By the end of 2008, With the Support of The United-States (through FMF and private contractors\firms) all missile, radar, observation posts, command and control systems are to be linked into a complex multi-level, national computerized early-warning air defense command (C3I4) via modified EC-130H Hercules (modified to AWACS-like specifications) transport aircraft, EW AWACS "Grumman" E-2C Hawkeye 2000, EW ECM Beechcraft 1900 ELINT, underground sheltered-reinforced fiber-optic network.
Commanders of the Egyptian Air Defense Command
- June 1969 to January 1975 Field Marshal Mohammed Aly Fahmy
- January 1975 to December 1979 Lieutenant general Helmy Afify Abd El-Bar
- December 1979 to January 1986 Lieutenant general El-Said Hamdy
- January 1986 to October 1987 Lieutenant general Adel Khalil
- October 1987 to December 1990 Lieutenant general Mostafa El-Shazly
- December 1990 to April 1993 Lieutenant general Zaher Abd El-Rahman
- April 1993 to April 1996 Lieutenant general Ahmed Abou Talib
- April 1996 to 19 July 2001 Lieutenant general Mohammed Elshahat
- 19 July 2001 to 30 October 2005 Lieutenant general Sami Hafez Anan
- 30 October 2005 to 12 August 2012 Lieutenant general Abd El Aziz Seif-Eldeen
- 12 August 2012 to Incumbent Lieutenant general Abdul Meniem Al-Toras
Egyptian Air Defense Equipment
| System | Image | Origin | Number | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air defence | ||||||
| S-300VM |  |  Russia | +(2014)[4][5][6] | New components delivered in 2016 (1 regiment).[7] | ||
| MIM-104 Patriot |  |  United States | 32 | Patriot-3 (MIM-104-F/PAC-3) missile systems from the United States for $1.3 billion in 1999. | ||
| Buk-M1 |  | Russia | +[8] | Egypt in 1971 to see Kub in operation.[9] | ||
| Buk-M2 | .jpg) | Russia | +[8][10] | |||
| Tor-M1 | .jpg) | Russia | 16 | |||
| Tor-M2 |  | Russia | +[8][10] | |||
| Crotale |  |  France | N/A | |||
| Pechora-2M | .jpg) |  Soviet Union | 50[11]+≈120(plane) | |||
| SA-2 |  | Soviet Union | N/A | |||
| Tayer el-Sabah |  | Egypt Soviet Union | N/A | Egyptian version of SA-2. | ||
| 2K12 Kub |  | Soviet Union | 56 | |||
| Strela-2 |  | Soviet Union | N/A | |||
| Strela-1 |  | Soviet Union | 20 | |||
| Igla | .jpg) | Soviet Union | N/A | |||
| Shilka |  | Soviet Union | N/A | |||
| ZSU-57-2 |  | Soviet Union | N/A | |||
| Nile 23 |  | Egypt Soviet Union | N/A | Upgraded version of the ZU-23-2 twin 23 mm self-propelled anti-aircraft guns radar guided (148) with
Sakr Eye SAM 2X2 on M113 | ||
| Sinai 23 |  | Egypt Soviet Union | N/A | Upgraded version of the ZU-23-2 twin 23 mm self-propelled anti-aircraft guns radar guided with
Stinger SAM (3X2) (72) on M113 | ||
| ZPU |  | Soviet Union | N/A | |||
| M53/59 Praga |  |  Czechoslovakia | N/A | |||
| MIM-23 Hawk |  | United States | N/A | |||
| MIM-72 Chaparral |  | United States | N/A | |||
| AN/TWQ-1 Avenger |  | United States | N/A | |||
| Stinger |  | United States | N/A | |||
| SLAMRAAM |  | United States | N/A | [12] | ||
| M163 VADS |  | United States | 108 | |||
| Amoun |  | Egypt | N/A | |||
future of air defense
| System | Image | Origin | Number | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air defence | ||||||
| S-400 Triumf |  | Russia | N/A | Egypt has expressed its interest in buying S-400 systems.[13] | ||
| Pantsir-S1 |  | Russia | N/A | There is a definite possibility to contract Bantsr feed 1 to protect platforms S-300VM. | ||
Beret
| Beret | ||
|---|---|---|
| Officer | Brigadier General | General |
 |
 |
 |
Notes
- ↑ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/50404/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-Morsi-appoints-new-navy,-air-force-and-air-.aspx
- ↑ "According sources, Russia would start deliveries of Antey-2500 missile systems to Egypt". 6 March 2015.
- ↑ "Commanders of the Egyptian Air Defense Command". http://www.mmc.gov.eg/''. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
|first1=missing|last1=in Authors list (help) - ↑ http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/1566791
- ↑ http://news.rambler.ru/27071114/
- ↑ http://www.fondsk.ru/news/2014/11/12/almaz-antej-rossijskaja-zenitnaja-raketnaja-sistema-antej-2500-postvlena-v-egipet-30388.html
- ↑ http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/1812666
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 http://vpk.name/news/121328_minoboronyi_egipta_na_ucheniyah_prodemonstrirovalo_zrk_bukm2_utverzhdaet_dzheins.html
- ↑ "Chief Designer Ardalion Rastov". Military Parade. 31 August 1998. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 http://rus.newsru.ua/world/18sep2014/egipet_rus.html
- ↑ http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/news/oao-oboronitelnye-sistemy-rasschityvaet-na-dalneyshee-rasshirenie-eksportnyh-postavok-modernizirovannogo-zrk-pechora-2m/
- ↑ "SLAMRAAM in Egypt".
- ↑ "Egypt wants S-400 to counter Iran". Defaiya.com. 2009-07-02. Retrieved 2013-10-29.
External links
- Jane's Defence news on Egyptian S-125 upgrade, April 2006
- Defencetalk on Egyptian S-125 upgrade, October 2006
- http://www.kommersant.com/p718548/r_527/Egypt_arms_trade
