Earlswood

Earlswood
Victoria Court, Royal Earlswood Park
Swans on lower part of Earlswood Common
Earlswood  Earlswood shown within Surrey
Population	5,049 [1]
OS grid reference	TQ280495
District	Reigate and Banstead
Shire county	Surrey
Region	South East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Redhill
Postcode district	RH1
Dialling code	01737
Police	Surrey
Fire	Surrey
Ambulance	South East Coast
EU Parliament	South East England
UK Parliament	Reigate
List of places UK England Surrey

Coordinates: 51°13′39″N 0°10′17″W / 51.2276°N 0.1713°W / 51.2276; -0.1713

Earlswood is a suburb of Redhill in Surrey, England forming the south of the town of Redhill, and part of its RH1 postcode district. Earlswood lies on the A23 between Redhill (in the direction of London) and Horley (next to Gatwick Airport), from which the neighbouring community, Whitebushes is separated by a wide rural buffer zone. The two main southern communities of Redhill are in local administration grouped together to form a ward, Earlswood and Whitebushes. Earlswood Common is a Local Nature Reserve that separates the suburb from the southern suburbs of Reigate, and has two lakes known as Earlswood Lakes, picnic areas and a golf course. South Earlswood is contiguous with Whitebushes but is also to the west. East of its station and the Brighton Main Line are three unconnected estates: east Earlswood; Royal Earlswood Park and East Surrey Hospital with Whitebushes.

Redhill Football Club Redhill F.C. has its ground, Kiln Brow, on a site in Earlswood on the East side of the A23 immediately north of East Surrey Hospital.

History

When the straight turnpike from London to Brighton between Earlswood Common and the London to Brighton railway was cut there was a claim that traces of a Roman villa^[2] were discovered. No evidence has since been located. The area south of the common loosely known as Whitebushes was formally a wilderness; it contained many clay pits that may be linked to the reputed Roman remains. Most trees of the Weald that covered Earlswood Common were cut down in the 17th century by order of local noble, Lord Monson and the land was inclosed in 1886.^[2] Brickworks were a considerable employer in the Victorian period and in 1911.^[2]

In 1863 Earlswood joined Meadvale, Redhill and Reigate to become part of the newly formed municipal borough of Reigate when it was granted this status by royal charter.

Earlswood was home to the Royal Earlswood psychiatric hospital, founded as a 'national home' and opened by Albert, Prince Consort^[2] functioned until 1997. Equally here was the Royal Philanthropic Society's reform school from 1849^[2] until 1988. This has been redeveloped into Royal Earlswood Park, chiefly into apartments but also into houses.

The suburb is served by railway station with trains running from London Bridge/London Victoria to Horsham, which previously had a third platform which gave access to the Royal Earlswood Hospital.

Earlswood common was from late Victorian times no longer used as open pasture and for foraging and was a pleasure ground until World War II. Its lower lake has a concrete bottom and was used in World War I to test the ability of primitive tanks to cross flooded landscapes, having previously had a diving platform, a paddling pool and was used for summer swimming. Members of the Christian Science Church used the lake for all year swimming and broke the ice in winter. Its upper lake had a kiosk and boats for rent.

Demography

In 2001 census area Earlswood and Whitebushes had a population of 8,234 however Earlswood is identifiable as Reigate and Banstead 14A, 14D and 14E (Lower Layer Super Output Areas) with a population of 5,049.^[3]

Geography

Earlswood Common is a Local Nature Reserve.^[4][5] It contains two artificial landscaped lakes, which are used for recreational purposes. The upper lake has ducks and wildfowl. Much of Earlswood Common forms Earlswood Common golf course.

To the north of this common is part of Reigate and the St John's compact conservation area or Old Town of which has to its north a smaller but steep and triangular common, Redhill Common. St John's is included in the article on Redhill.

Nearest Settlements

	St John's, Redhill	Redhill	across Redstone Hill, Redhill Nutfield
	across Earlswood Common Woodhatch, Reigate		across Nuffield Health/RNIB Centres and green belt South Nutfield
	Earlswood
	across green belt Sidlow	Whitebushes	across Redhill Aerodrome and green belt Outwood

Localities

(North) Earlswood

This is the area of predominantly Victorian housing, much of it terraced and semi-detached, immediately south of Redhill town centre bordered to the north by Hooley lane, to the west by the A23 Brighton Road, to the south by the Royal Earlswood Park housing development and to the east by fields. Redhill Brook runs north-south through the middle of Earlswood but is not visible in most of it. Two train lines run through Earlswood. The Redhill and Quarry Lines, both part of the Brighton Line, merge just north of Earlswood and run through Earlswood Station although there is no Quarry Line Platform. The Redhill to Tonbridge line passes through north Earlswood in between Redhill and Nutfield stations.

There are a nursery, primary and junior school over two sites in north Earlswood combined under the umbrella of the Earlswood Schools Federation. The schools are very popular and, along with the plentiful green space and good transport links, have attracted many young families to the area.

South Earlswood

One sub-area of Earlswood, South Earlswood is a separate neighbourhood containing approximately half of the housing, which constitutes the main land use in Earlswood.^[6][7] Separating it from the north are Earlswood Common and the Greensand Way, which follows the Greensand Ridge from Haslemere to Kent. Immediately adjoining South Earlswood is the village or neighbourhood of Whitebushes, which is contiguous therefore, apart from councillors, is difficult to separate artificially.^[8]

Whitebushes

A mixed housing estate surrounded by pre-existing farmland, South Earlswood and a railway line, Whitebushes was built in the 1970s and early 1980s. East Surrey Hospital adjacent opened in 1979 to its south. A small portion of farmland remains common land where (traditionally) gypsy horses used for riding lessons and transport have grazed since the 1950s.

The Brighton Main Line passes the west of Whitebushes; residential roads followed by almost straight paths through green spaces link it to Earlswood and Salfords railway station. Salfords is also a short bus journey but offers less frequent services than Redhill. Somewhat circuitous links under the railway line also link to the parking areas by these stations for those unwilling to walk.

Local governance

Surrey County Council Following boundary changes in response to the new communities built at The Watercolour and Park 25 developments East of Redhill, Earlswood is now split between two divisions at Surrey County Council level. Earlswood North falls with the Redhill East division and Earlswood South falls within the Earlswood and Reigate South division. This does cause some confusion as there is also a Redhill East ward at borough council level which Earlswood is not part of. Both are elected every four years. They are currently represented by:

Redhill East: Mr Jonathan Essex of the Green Party (UK) who, in being elected, became the first member of his party to sit on Surrey County Council.

Earlswood and Reigate South: *Ms Barbara Thomson (Con), returned by the electorate in 2013, on the Adult Social Care Select Committee, Communities Select Committee and the relevant Local Committee.^[9] The second party was UKIP gaining 899 votes versus the winning candidate's 955.^[10]

Reigate and Banstead At Borough council Earlswood North and South are combined to form one division, simply Earlswood. Three Earlswood councillors sit on Reigate and Banstead borough council, who are:

See also

• List of places of worship in Reigate and Banstead

External links

Media related to Earlswood at Wikimedia Commons

References

1. ↑ 2001 Census, ONS
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 H.E. Malden (editor) (1911). "Parishes: Reigate". A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 29 October 2013. 
3. ↑ Census data
4. ↑ "Earlswood Common". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. Retrieved 4 August 2013. 
5. ↑ "Map of Earlswood Common". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. Retrieved 4 August 2013. 
6. ↑ Ordnance Survey map, courtesy of English Heritage
7. ↑ Grid square map Ordnance survey website
8. ↑ Census area: as to South Earlswood 014A refers exactly.
9. ↑ Surrey Councillor details
10. ↑ Redhill 2009 Election Results
11. ↑ Reigate and Banstead councillors

Borough of Reigate and Banstead Towns, villages, neighbourhoods and hamlets Banstead Banstead Nork Woodmansterne Coulsdon Chipstead Hooley Netherne-on-the-Hill Epsom Tattenham Corner Horley Horley Redhill Earlswood Meadvale Merstham New Merstham St John's Salfords Redhill Whitebushes Reigate Flanchford Reigate Skimmington Sidlow South Park Woodhatch Tadworth Burgh Heath Kingswood Margery Mogador Mugswell Tadworth Walton-on-the-Hill Most notable parks Chipstead Downs Colley Hill Priory or Reigate Park Places of worship Church of Jesus Christ and the Wisdom of God, Kingswood St John the Evangelist's Church, Earlswood Education Aberdour School The Beacon School Chinthurst School Dunottar School for Girls East Surrey College Oakwood School Priory Preparatory School Reigate College Reigate Grammar School Reigate School The Royal Alexandra and Albert School St. Bede's School The Warwick School Transport Railway stations Banstead Chipstead Earlswood Horley Kingswood Merstham Redhill Reigate Salfords Tattenham Corner Woodmansterne Roads M25 M23 A23 A25 A217 A240 Buildings and structures Archway Theatre East Surrey Hospital Netherne Hospital Redhill Aerodrome Reigate Heath Windmill Royal Earlswood Hospital The Children's Trust, Tadworth Sport Banstead Athletic F.C. Chipstead F.C. Horley Town F.C. Merstham F.C. Redhill F.C. Reigate Priory F.C. South Park F.C. Chipstead RFC Places listed are articles notable as settlements, arranged by post town The two principal towns are emboldened The M23 motorway follows approximately a boundary and is chiefly included for its regional importance.