ECT2
Protein ECT2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ECT2 gene.[1][2][3]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a transforming protein that is related to Rho-specific exchange factors and yeast cell cycle regulators. The expression of this gene is elevated with the onset of DNA synthesis and remains elevated during G2 and M phases. In situ hybridization analysis showed that expression is at a high level in cells undergoing mitosis in regenerating liver. Thus, this protein is expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner during liver regeneration, and is thought to have an important role in the regulation of cytokinesis.[3]
Interactions
ECT2 has been shown to interact with PARD6A.[4]
References
- ↑ Miki T, Smith CL, Long JE, Eva A, Fleming TP (Apr 1993). "Oncogene ect2 is related to regulators of small GTP-binding proteins". Nature 362 (6419): 462–5. doi:10.1038/362462a0. PMID 8464478.
- ↑ Tatsumoto T, Xie X, Blumenthal R, Okamoto I, Miki T (Dec 1999). "Human ECT2 is an exchange factor for Rho GTPases, phosphorylated in G2/M phases, and involved in cytokinesis". J. Cell Biol. 147 (5): 921–8. doi:10.1083/jcb.147.5.921. PMC 2169345. PMID 10579713.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: ECT2 epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene".
- ↑ Liu XF, Ishida H, Raziuddin R, Miki T (Aug 2004). "Nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 interacts with the polarity protein complex Par6/Par3/protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) and regulates PKCzeta activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (15): 6665–75. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.15.6665-6675.2004. PMC 444862. PMID 15254234.
Further reading
- Takai S, Long JE, Yamada K, Miki T (1995). "Chromosomal localization of the human ECT2 proto-oncogene to 3q26.1-->q26.2 by somatic cell analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization". Genomics 27 (1): 220–2. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1033. PMID 7665179.
- Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, Bonaldo MF, Chiapelli B, Chissoe S et al. (1996). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Res. 6 (9): 807–28. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.807. PMID 8889549.
- Kimura K, Tsuji T, Takada Y, Miki T, Narumiya S (2000). "Accumulation of GTP-bound RhoA during cytokinesis and a critical role of ECT2 in this accumulation". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (23): 17233–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000212200. PMID 10837491.
- Wennerberg K, Ellerbroek SM, Liu RY, Karnoub AE, Burridge K, Der CJ (2002). "RhoG signals in parallel with Rac1 and Cdc42". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (49): 47810–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203816200. PMID 12376551.
- Matsuda A, Suzuki Y, Honda G, Muramatsu S, Matsuzaki O, Nagano Y et al. (2003). "Large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that activate NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways". Oncogene 22 (21): 3307–18. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206406. PMID 12761501.
- Saito S, Tatsumoto T, Lorenzi MV, Chedid M, Kapoor V, Sakata H et al. (2003). "Rho exchange factor ECT2 is induced by growth factors and regulates cytokinesis through the N-terminal cell cycle regulator-related domains". J. Cell. Biochem. 90 (4): 819–36. doi:10.1002/jcb.10688. PMID 14587037.
- Hara T, Ishida H, Raziuddin R, Dorkhom S, Kamijo K, Miki T (2004). "Novel kelch-like protein, KLEIP, is involved in actin assembly at cell-cell contact sites of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells". Mol. Biol. Cell 15 (3): 1172–84. doi:10.1091/mbc.E03-07-0531. PMC 363103. PMID 14668487.
- Liu XF, Ishida H, Raziuddin R, Miki T (2004). "Nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 interacts with the polarity protein complex Par6/Par3/protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) and regulates PKCzeta activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (15): 6665–75. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.15.6665-6675.2004. PMC 444862. PMID 15254234.
- Kim JE, Billadeau DD, Chen J (2005). "The tandem BRCT domains of Ect2 are required for both negative and positive regulation of Ect2 in cytokinesis". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (7): 5733–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409298200. PMID 15545273.
- Oceguera-Yanez F, Kimura K, Yasuda S, Higashida C, Kitamura T, Hiraoka Y et al. (2005). "Ect2 and MgcRacGAP regulate the activation and function of Cdc42 in mitosis". J. Cell Biol. 168 (2): 221–32. doi:10.1083/jcb.200408085. PMC 2171585. PMID 15642749.
- Yüce O, Piekny A, Glotzer M (2005). "An ECT2-centralspindlin complex regulates the localization and function of RhoA". J. Cell Biol. 170 (4): 571–82. doi:10.1083/jcb.200501097. PMC 2171506. PMID 16103226. Vancouver style error (help)
- Niiya F, Xie X, Lee KS, Inoue H, Miki T (2005). "Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 induces cytokinesis without chromosome segregation in an ECT2 and MgcRacGAP-dependent manner". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (43): 36502–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M508007200. PMID 16118207.
- Zhao WM, Fang G (2005). "MgcRacGAP controls the assembly of the contractile ring and the initiation of cytokinesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (37): 13158–63. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504145102. PMC 1201590. PMID 16129829.
- Hara T, Abe M, Inoue H, Yu LR, Veenstra TD, Kang YH et al. (2006). "Cytokinesis regulator ECT2 changes its conformation through phosphorylation at Thr-341 in G2/M phase". Oncogene 25 (4): 566–78. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209078. PMID 16170345.
- Niiya F, Tatsumoto T, Lee KS, Miki T (2006). "Phosphorylation of the cytokinesis regulator ECT2 at G2/M phase stimulates association of the mitotic kinase Plk1 and accumulation of GTP-bound RhoA". Oncogene 25 (6): 827–37. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209124. PMID 16247472.
- Nishimura Y, Yonemura S (2006). "Centralspindlin regulates ECT2 and RhoA accumulation at the equatorial cortex during cytokinesis". J. Cell. Sci. 119 (Pt 1): 104–14. doi:10.1242/jcs.02737. PMID 16352658.
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