Duke of Nemours
In the 12th and 13th centuries the Lordship of Nemours, in the Gatinais, France, was a possession of the house of Villebeon, a member of which, Gautier, was marshal of France in the middle of the 13th century. The lordship was sold to King Philip III of France in 1274 and 1276 by Jean and Philippe de Nemours, and was then made a county and given to Jean III de Grailly, captal de Buch in 1364.
In 1404, Charles VI of France gave it to Charles III of Navarre, and erected it into a duchy in the peerage of France, in exchange to his ancestral county of Évreux in Normandy.
After being confiscated and restored several times, the duchy reverted to the French crown in 1504, after the extinction of the house of Armagnac-Pardiac. In 1507 it was given by Louis XII of France to his nephew, Gaston de Foix, who was killed at the Battle of Ravenna in 1512. The duchy then returned to the royal domain, and was detached from it successively for Giuliano de Medici and his wife Philiberta of Savoy in 1515, for Louise of Savoy in 1524, and for Philip of Savoy, Count of Genevois, in 1528.
The descendants of Philip of Savoy held the duchy until its sale to Louis XIV of France. In 1672, Louis gave it to his brother Philippe de France, Duke of Orleans, whose descendants held it until the French Revolution. It was one of the many subsidiary titles held by the House of Orléans.
The title of Duke of Nemours was afterwards given to Louis Charles, son of King Louis Philippe of the French.
List of Dukes
House of Evreux (1404-1504)
- Charles d'Évreux (1361–1425), also King of Navarre
After the death of Charles III in 1425, the Duchy was claimed both by the descendants of his younger daughter, Beatrix d'Evreux, and his elder daughter and heiress, Blanche I of Navarre. Louis XI settled the claim on Jacques d'Armagnac, grandson of Beatrix, in 1462, though Blanche's descendants, the Kings of Navarre, claimed the title until 1571.
- Eléanore de Bourbon (1425–1462)
- Jacques d'Armagnac (1462–1477)
- confiscated from Jacques at his execution for treason in 1477, restored to his son Jean in 1484
- Jean d'Armagnac (1484–1500)
- Louis d'Armagnac (1500–1503)
- Marguerite d'Armagnac (1503)
- Charlotte d'Armagnac (1503–1504)
- The last descendant of Beatrix d'Evreux, she died without issue.
House of Foix (1507-1512)
- Gaston of Foix (1507–1512)
House of Medici (1515-1524)
- Giuliano di Medici (1515–1516), married to:
- Philiberte of Savoy (1516–1524)
House of Savoy (1524-1672)
- Louise of Savoy (1524–1531), Duchess of Angoulême, Francis I of France's mother.
She received the duchy of Nemours in 1524 with the duchy of Anjou. It was later transferred to her half-brother in 1528 and she received the duchy of Touraine in exchange.[1][2] She also received later the Duchy of Auvergne.
- Philip of Savoy (1528–1533)
- Jacques of Savoy (1531–1585)
- Charles Emmanuel of Savoy (1567–1595)
- Henry of Savoy (1572–1632)
- Louis of Savoy (1615–1641)
- Charles Amadeus of Savoy (1624–1652)
- Henry of Savoy (1625–1659)
House of Orléans (1672-1848)
- Philippe de France (1640–1701)
- Philippe d'Orléans (1674–1723), Regent of France 1715–1723, son of the above;
- Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752), son of the above;
- Louis Philippe d'Orléans (1725–1785), son of the above;
- Philippe d'Orléans, Philippe Égalité (1747–1793), son of the above;
- Louis Philippe d'Orléans (1773–1850), King of the French, 1830–1848, son of the above;
Titular Dukes of the House of Orléans
- Louis d'Orléans (1850–1896), son of the above;
- Charles Philippe d'Orléans (1905–1970), great grand son of the above;
References
- ↑ Pères Anselme & Ange, Histoire de la Maison Royale de France & des grands officiers, 1728, Tome III, p. 229-232 (Duchy of Touraine).
- ↑ Pères Anselme & Ange, Histoire de la Maison Royale de France & des grands officiers, 1728, Tome III, p. 247 (Duchy of Nemours)
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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