Drilliidae
| Drilliidae | |
|---|---|
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| An apertural view of a shell of Cymatosyrinx parciplicata | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Drilliidae Olsson, 1964 |
| Genera and species | |
|
| |
| Synonyms | |
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Clavidae Casey, 1904 (non McCrady, 1859: preoccupied) | |
The Drilliidae are a taxonomic family of small predatory sea snails with high-spired shells. They are classified as marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.[1]
This family has no subfamilies.
Description
The shell is claviform with a tall spire, or squatly conical to biconical. In many species, the siphonal canal is truncated. The aperture is U-shaped with a parietal callus pad.
The sculpture of the shell shows prominent axial ribs with a polished surface. Most species have a dorsal varix (transverse elevation), except in the genera Cymatosyrinx, Elaeocyma and Splendrillia. The protoconch can be smooth or very carinate. The ovate operculum has a terminal nucleus.[2]
The radula of the species in this family have characteristically five teeth in each row (formula : 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1) with a vestigial central tooth, comb-like lateral teeth and a pair of flat-pointed, slender marginal teeth.[3]
The foregut structure of the anterior alimentary system has the least derived foregut anatomy of all the families in the superfamily Conoidea.[4]
Taxonomic history
The genera in this family were originally separated from the subfamily Clavitulinae and classified by H.& A. Adams (1858) under subfamily Turritinae, because their operculum has a terminal instead of a central nucleus. In 1942, the species with a U-shaped sinus and a parietal callus pad were brought by Powell in the new subfamily Clavinae. In 1966, Morrison proposed the subfamily Drillinae ( = Clavinae) for the species with a stenoglossan radula with comb-like lateral teeth. Finally, in 1993, Taylor et al. proposed the promotion of Drillinae from subfamily to the family level Drilliidae.[2][5]
Taxonomy
Genera in the family Drilliidae include:[6]
- Acinodrillia Kilburn, 1988
- Agladrillia Woodring, 1928
- Bellaspira Conrad, 1868
- Calliclava McLean, 1971
- Cerodrillia Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
- Clathrodrillia Dall, 1918
- Clavus Montfort, 1810
- Conopleura Hinds, 1844
- Crassopleura Monterosato, 1884
- Cruziturricula Marks, 1951
- Cymatosyrinx Dall, 1889
- Douglassia Bartsch, 1934
- Drillia Gray, 1838
- Elaeocyma Dall, 1918
- Eumetadrillia Woodring, 1928
- Fenimorea Bartsch, 1934
- Fusiturricula Woodring, 1928
- Globidrillia Woodring, 1928
- Hauturua Powell, 1942
- Imaclava Bartsch, 1944
- Iredalea Oliver, 1915
- Kylix Dall, 1919
- Leptadrillia Woodring, 1928
- Lissodrillia Bartsch & Rehder, 1943 (considered as a subspecies of Cerodrillia )
- Neodrillia Bartsch, 1943
- Orrmaesia Kilburn, 1988
- Paracuneus Laseron, 1954
- Plagiostropha Melvill, 1927
- Sedilia Fargo, 1953
- Spirotropis Sars, 1878
- Splendrillia Hedley, 1922
- Stenodrillia Korobkov, 1955
- Syntomodrillia Hedley, 1922
- Tylotiella Habe, 1958
- Wairarapa Vella, 1954
- Genera brought into synonymy
- Brephodrillia Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932: synonym of Iredalea
- Clavicantha Swainson, 1840: synonym of Clavus Montfort, 1810
- Eldridgea Bartsch, 1934: synonym of Clavus Montfort, 1810
- Fusisyrinx Bartsch, 1934: synonym of Fusiturricula Woodring, 1928
- Tylotia Melvill, 1917: synonym of Clavus Montfort, 1810
- Tylotiella Habe, 1958: synonym of Clavus Montfort, 1810
- Genera moved to other families
- Austroclavus (unassigned to a family within Conoidea)
- Brachytoma moved to the family Pseudomelatomidae
- Sediliopsis Petuch, 1988 : moved to the family Pseudomelatomidae
References
- ↑ Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). "Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families". Malacologia 47 (1-2).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Chen-Kwoh Chang, Small Turrids of Taiwan, Chapter 3 , History and Taxonomy of the Clavidae; June 1, 2001
- ↑ Kantor, Yuri I; John D.Taylor (2000). "Formation of marginal radular teeth in Conoidea (Neogastropoda) and the evolution of the hypodermic envenomation mechanism". Journal of Zoology (Cambridge University Press) 252 (2): 251–262. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2000.tb00620.x.
- ↑ Brian Morton, The Malacofauna of Hong Kong and southern China
- ↑ Taylor, J.D., Kantor, Y.I& Sysoev, A.V.,1993 . Foregut anatomy, feeding mechanisms, reletionships and classification of the Conoidea (=Toxoglossas) (Gastropoda) Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Lond .(Zool) 5(2): 125-170
- ↑ WoRMS (2010). Drilliidae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=23032 on1 September 2011
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