Divine Lorraine Hotel

Lorraine Apartments
Location 699 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19123
Coordinates 39°58′0″N 75°9′36″W / 39.96667°N 75.16000°WCoordinates: 39°58′0″N 75°9′36″W / 39.96667°N 75.16000°W
Built 1892
Architect Willis G. Hale
George F. Payne and Company
Architectural style Late Victorian
Governing body Private
NRHP Reference # 02001427 [1]
Added to NRHP November 27, 2002

The Divine Lorraine Hotel, also known as the Lorraine Apartments, stands at the corner of Broad Street and Fairmount Avenue in North Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Designed by architect Willis G. Hale and built between 1892 and 1894, the building originally functioned as apartments, housing some of Philadelphia's wealthy residents. Lorraine Apartments was one of the most luxurious and best preserved late 19th-century apartment houses in Philadelphia. In 1900 the building became the Lorraine Hotel when the Metropolitan Hotel Company purchased the apartments. Later it would become the first hotel in Philadelphia to be racially integrated under Father Divine.

Early history

Both the location of the building and the architecture itself reflect the changes that were occurring rapidly in the city of Philadelphia and in the country at the time. North Philadelphia of the 1880s attracted many of the city's nouveau-riche, those individuals who became wealthy as a result of the industrial revolution. The Lorraine was a place of luxurious living, providing apartments with new amenities such as electricity. In addition, the building boasted its own staff, eliminating the need for residents to have private servants. There was also a central kitchen from which meals were delivered to residents.

The Lorraine Apartments were also an architectural feat. Prior to this period, the majority of Philadelphia's buildings were low rise, generally being no more than three or four stories tall. Not only were construction materials and techniques not capable of supporting taller buildings, but the inconvenience of the many flights of stairs to get to higher floors in the absence of an elevator was significant.

The top-floor under Father Divine

The Lorraine, at ten stories tall, was one of the first high-rise apartment buildings in the city. The building's architect, Willis G. Hale, also designed an earlier high-rise apartment building at 22nd and Chestnut Streets, which stood from 1889 until its demolition in 1945. Hale designed many other buildings around the city, but quickly fell out of favor at the turn of the century when most patrons rejected his highly stylized Victorian designs for the sleeker style of modern skyscrapers, and most of his landmarks had been torn down after the Great Depression.

Father Divine and the Universal Peace Mission Movement

The top-floor in 2010

In 1948, the building was sold to Father Divine (Reverend Major Jealous Divine) for $485,000. Father Divine was the leader of the Universal Peace Mission Movement. After purchasing the building, Father Divine renamed it the Divine Lorraine Hotel. His hotel was the first of its class in Philadelphia, or indeed in the United States, to be fully racially integrated.[2] The Divine Lorraine was open to all races and religions, men and women who were willing to follow the rules of the movement. Among others, the rules included no smoking, no drinking, no profanity, and no undue mixing of the sexes, with men and women residing on different floors of the building. Additionally, guests and residents were expected to uphold a certain level of modesty, meaning that women were expected to wear long skirts - pants were not allowed. Believing that all people were equal in the sight of God, Father Divine was involved in many social welfare activities as well. For example, after purchasing the hotel, several parts of it were transformed for public use. The 10th-floor auditorium was converted to a place of worship. The movement also opened the kitchen on the first floor as a public dining room where persons from the community were able to purchase and eat low-cost meals for 25 cents.

The Divine Lorraine received a historical marker from the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission in 1994 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002 as a site significant in terms of both architectural and civil rights history.

Abandonment

External media
Audio
The Divine Lorraine and development on North Broad, Radio Times With Marty Moss-Coane, 49:03, November 2012[3]
Video
Historic Divine Lorraine Hotel in Philadelphia, PA, Wanda Kaluza, 2:26, August 2011.
Divine Lorraine, Antiquity Echos, 4:20, October 2011.[4]

The building was closed in 1999 and sold in 2000 by the International Peace Mission. In May 2006 it was resold to Lorraine Hotel LP. to be converted into apartments. Development never come to fruition but furnishings were sold while floors, paneling, and other architectural items were removed by salvage companies.[5] As of 2015 the building remains a hollow shell, covered with graffiti, with windows boarded up or open to the weather.

The Universal Peace Mission Movement still exists in the form of a network of independent churches, businesses, and religious orders. Its followers operated another hotel, the Divine Tracy in West Philadelphia, but the building also was sold. It is now The Axis Apartments.[6]

The property was transferred to developer Eric Blumenfeld in October 2012 at the city's monthly Sheriff's sale. He was the sole bidder for the empty hotel at 699 N. Broad Street. Blumenfeld gained control of the site in a two-step process: first, for an undisclosed price, he paid an outstanding note on the property from the New York-based Amalgamated Bank. Then he paid off city taxes and other liens. The value of both the mortgage and liens was $8,054,104.39.

Already active on North Broad Street, Blumenfeld plans to convert the building into rental units with restaurants on the ground level. In February 2015 the developer announced that the $43M USD renovation was expected to begin in May of that year pending closing on financing.[7]

References

  1. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2007-01-23.
  2. ↑ According to the state historical marker
  3. ↑ "The Divine Lorraine and development on North Broad". WHYY-FM. November 6, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2013., guests: owner Eric Blumfeld, John Gallery, Penelope Giles
  4. ↑ "Divine Lorraine". Antiquity Echos. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
  5. ↑ "The Divine Lorraine Hotel, February 6, 2011". The Kingston Lounge. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  6. ↑ "The Axis Apartments Printable Brochure". apartmenthomeliving.com. Apartments LLC. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  7. ↑ Kostelni, Natalie (17 February 2015). "Divine Lorraine developer anticipates starting $43M conversion in May". Philadelphia Business Journal. Retrieved 19 February 2015.

External links