Dhanbad

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Dhanbad district.
Dhanbad,Jharkhand,India
धनबाद,دھنباد
Metropolitan City

From top clockwise: Dhanbad Railway Station, Golchakkar, Bank more (both)
Nickname(s): 'The Coal Capital of India, Economic Capital Of Jharkhand & The Millennium City koylanchal'
Dhanbad,Jharkhand,India

Location of Dhanbad in Jharkhand

Coordinates: 23°48′N 86°27′E / 23.8°N 86.45°ECoordinates: 23°48′N 86°27′E / 23.8°N 86.45°E
Country India India
State Jharkhand
District Dhanbad
Area
 • Total 2,052 km2 (792 sq mi)
Elevation 222 m (728 ft)
Population (Census 2011)
 • Total 26,84,487
 • Rank 33rd
 • Density 1,284/km2 (3,330/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Hindi, Urdu
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 826001
Telephone code +91-326
Vehicle registration JH 10 : BR 17 (Discontinued)
Website www.dhanbad.nic.in

Dhanbad is a city in the state of Jharkhand, India.[1] As per population figures of Census 2011, Dhanbad is the largest city in the state of Jharkhand.[2]

Dhanbad is famous for its coal mining and has some of the largest mines in India. Tata Steel, BCCL, ECL and IISCO (Indian Iron And Steel Company) are some of the companies having coal mines in the district. The Indian School of Mines is located in Dhanbad. Among the rail divisions of Indian Railway, Dhanbad Rail Division is the second largest in terms of revenue generation after Mumbai division.[3]

There are records of settlements in the area from the 7th century. In the modern era, Dhanbad was originally in a district named Dhanbad before becoming part of Manbhum of Bihar before finally becoming part of Jharkhand state in 2000.

The city has one parliamentary seat and six seats in the Legislative Assembly.

Etymology

Originally the name of Dhanbad was Dhanbaid which seems to have been derived from the word Dhan (paddy) and baid, i.e., the paddy land. However, some claim that the name 'Dhanbad' is derived from "Dhan (धन) + Abad (आबाद)" meaning prospered with wealth. The Dhanbad originated from the district of Manbhum occupied by Mundari or Kolarian races in the wilderness of South undivided Bihar. In the seventh century A.D. some information is available from the account of the travels of Hieun Tsang. These accounts narrate existence of a powerful kingdom which comprised the district and adjoining areas, ruled by Sasanka.[4]

Geography and climate

Dhanbad has an average elevation of 227 m (745 ft). Its geographical length (extending from North to South) is 15 miles (24 km) and the breadth (stretching across East to West) is 10 miles (16 km). It shares its boundaries with West Bengal in the Eastern and southern part, Dumka & Giridih in the North and Bokaro in the west. Dhanbad comes under the Chota Nagpur Plateau.

Dhanbad
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
17
 
 
25
11
 
 
18
 
 
28
14
 
 
18
 
 
33
18
 
 
22
 
 
38
23
 
 
49
 
 
39
25
 
 
192
 
 
35
25
 
 
342
 
 
31
24
 
 
311
 
 
31
24
 
 
282
 
 
31
23
 
 
105
 
 
31
20
 
 
7
 
 
28
16
 
 
5
 
 
25
11
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: IMD

Dhanbad features climate that is transitional between a humid subtropical climate and a tropical wet and dry climate. Summer starts from last week of March and ends in mid-June. Peak temperature in summer can reach 48 °C. Dhanbad also receives heavy rainfall. In winter, the minimum temperature remains around 10 °C with a maximum of 22 °C. Damodar River is the main river flowing through the district. Katri, Jamunia, Gobai, Khudia and Irji are the other rivers flowing through the district. The red soil is found in the area and is not that much fertile for good agricultural produce. Due to presence of two large dams in the district, many people are involved in pisciculture. Forests present in the district are of northern tropical dry deciduous type. In many of these forests, people are engaged in Sericulture.

Climate data for Dhanbad
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 25
(77)		 28
(82)		 33
(91)		 38
(100)		 39
(102)		 35
(95)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 28
(82)		 25
(77)		 31.3
(88.2)
Average low °C (°F) 11
(52)		 14
(57)		 18
(64)		 23
(73)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 20
(68)		 16
(61)		 11
(52)		 19.5
(67)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 17
(0.67)		 18
(0.71)		 18
(0.71)		 22
(0.87)		 49
(1.93)		 192
(7.56)		 342
(13.46)		 311
(12.24)		 282
(11.1)		 105
(4.13)		 7
(0.28)		 5
(0.2)		 1,368
(53.86)
Source: IMD

History


The present district used to be a part of Manbhum. In the Settlement Report for Manbhum (1928) it was stated that no rock inscriptions, copper plates or old coins were discovered and not a single document of copper plate or palm leaf was found, during the Survey and Settlement operations. The oldest authentic documents produced were all on paper and barely even a hundred years old.[5] Dhanbad was in Manbhum district from 1928 up to 1956.[5] However, on 24 October 1956, Dhanbad was declared a District on the Recommendation of the States Reorganization Commission vide notification 1911. This was done under the strong commitment and leadership from a renowned journalist Mr. Satish Chandra. In the year 2006, Dhanbad celebrated 50 years of being an independent District. From 1956 to 14 November 2000 it was under Bihar. At present it is in Jharkhand, after the creation of state on 15 November 2000.[6]

Govindpur Block was a historical place before 1908, this was Anumandal office during British Empire.

Demography

As of 2011 India provisional census[7] Dhanbad had a population of 1,195,298. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. It has a sex ratio of 908. Dhanbad has an average literacy rate of 80.78%, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 87.93% and female literacy is 72.69%.[8] In Dhanbad, 10.57% of the population is under 5 years of age.

Religions in Dhanbad
Religion Percent
Hindus
  
 81%
Muslims
  
 17%
Christians
  
 1%
Others†
  
 1%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Civic administration

Dhanbad is the headquarters of the district and also the headquarters of DMC (Dhanbad Municipal Corporation). DMC was formed as per the State Government Notification dated 1/02/06 with merger of areas Jharia NAC, Sindri, NAC, Chhatandih NAC, Katras NAC. Dhanbad city elects one Member of Parliament. Also some part of the district comes under Giridih seat of Lok Sabha. There are six Legislative Assembly seat; they are Sindri, Baghmara, Dhanbad, Jharia, Nirsa, Tundi.

Dhanbad has District court and Labour Court-Industrial tribunal. Along with Mumbai, Dhanbad is the only city having two Labour Court-Industrial tribunals. Mineral Area Development Authority (MADA) looks after the development of the district.

Economy

Coal Mine
Coal mine

Dhanbad is a coal mining and industrial city and one of the busiest commercial centres in India. It is the largest city and second largest urban agglomeration in Jharkhand after Jamshedpur.

Dhanbad is famous for its coal mines and industrial establishments; it has 112 coal mines[9] with a total produce of 27.5 million tonnes and an annual income of 7000 million Rupees through coal business. There are also number of coal washeries present there. The city is also known for its power generation plants. Hydro Power is being generated at Maithon and Panchet. Tata Power and Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) are setting up a 1050 MW thermal power plant at Maithon. This project is already in operation with one unit running successfully. ONGC is using CBM (Coal beded methane) for power generation at some of the coal mines.

Banks

Dhanbad has bank branches of all the major Public and Private sector banks in India. Some of the notable names are State Bank of India, HDFC Bank and Axis Bank.,[10] Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd, Induslnd Bank, Yes Bank, Karnataka Bank Ltd, The Federal Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, etc.

Bollywood interaction

The city is well known for the movie Gangs of Wasseypur and its sequel, part of which was shot in the outskirts of Dhanbad. The movie was directed by Anurag Kashyap. It was a blockbuster superhit movie of 2012. Another movie Koylanchal starring Vinod Khanna and Sunil Shetty was shot in the city and its vicinity. Kaala Patthar (English: Black Stone) is a 1979 Indian Bollywood action/drama film based on the Chasnala Dhanbad mining disaster. It was produced and directed by Yash Chopra. The story was written by Salim-Javed starred by Legendary Actor Amitabh Bachchan, Shashi Kapoor, Shatrughan Sinha, Neetu Singh, Parveen Babi and Rakhee Gulzar. It was nominated for Filmfare awards. The movie is now termed as a Yash Chopra classic.

Language

Hindi is the predominant language of Dhanbad. Hindi, & Urdu. Khortha, kurmali, Santali, Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi are also widely spoken. English serves as the connecting language in business and tourist function. Additionally, Urdu, Telugu, Tamil, and Punjabi speaking people are present in significant numbers. Several tribal languages are also spoken in the city, including Kurukh and Ho. The Coal mines are established by Gujaratis who Started Coal Mines since 1885 . The Large Number of Gujaratis are residing at Dhanbad, Jharia, Katras & Surrounding area since 1890

Government and PSU organizations

Bharat Coking Coal Limited - BCCL is a Public Sector Undertaking(Subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.) engaged in mining of coal and allied activities.BCCL meets almost 50% of the total prime coking coal requirement of the integrated steel sector. BCCL was incorporated in January, 1972 to operate coking coal mines operating in the Jharia & Raniganj Coalfields, taken over by the Govt. of India on 16 October 1971 to ensure planned development of the scarce coking coal resources in the country. Directorate General of Mines Safety is the Indian government regulatory agency for safety in mines and oil-fields.

Central Coal Supply Organization looks after the daily movement of indigenous washed coking coal and boiler coal to SAIL steel plants; BSP, RSP, DSP, BSL and ISP.

Education

Indian School of Mines
BIT Sindri, Dhanbad
Delhi Public School, Dhanbad
DAV Public School, Koyla Nagar

Universities and colleges

P.K Roy M. College Dhanbad is oldest college of Dhanbad

The Indian School of Mines, was started by Britishers in 1926 is located in Dhanbad. ISM is one of the leading technical institute of India. In ISM, students get admission through IIT-JEE which is supposed to be one of the toughest exams of world. The earth science branches such as mining, geology, geophysics, petroleum, mineral and environmental engineering are world famous. ISM also have other core engineering branches such as mechanical, electrical, electronics, computer science, civil and chemical engineering which are also famous, having very good placement records.The Union Finance Minister Mr. Arun Jaitley, during his budget speech in Parliament on 28th February 2015, said that he proposes to upgrade ISM Dhanbad into a full-fledged IIT

Birsa Institute of Technology, Sindri is a government engineering college in Jharkhand. The institute is controlled administratively by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of Jharkhand, Ranchi and academically it is affiliated to Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag for conducting examinations and awarding degrees. The college today offers B.Tech courses in 10 disciplines of engineering namely Mechanical, Electrical, Metallurgy, Production, Chemical, Electronics & Communications, Civil, Mining, Computer Science, Information technology, having NBA accreditation.

Patliputra Medical College and Hospital is located in the city as are many other colleges.

Law College Dhanbad[11] was established way back in 1976 and is situated at Hirapur - Damodarpur Road which is about 2.5 km from the Dhanbad Collectorate.

Schools

There are a large number of day schools most of them having smart classes.

D.A.V. Public School, Alkusa

Transport

Road

One can easily book taxi or cabs for travelling within the city.Private and State buses are available for inter-city traveling. Pre-Paid taxi services from dhanbad junction will be soon in work, National Highway 2 and National Highway 32 are the major highways passing through Dhanbad. NH 2 has now been converted into Golden Quadrilateral (GQ). Golden Quadrilateral starts from Kolkata and ends at Delhi. From Dhanbad to Kolkata, Golden Quadrilateral will be converted into six lane expressway; NH 32 connects Govindpur to Bokaro-Jamshedpur.- Barbil.

Rail

Dhanbad has a very good rail connectivity with the other major parts of the country such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bhagalpur, Munger, Gaya, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Kochi, Indore, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Bhubaneswar, Visakhapatnam Jodhpur, Nagpur, Pune, Guwahati etc. Dhanbad Rail Division comes under East Central Railway zone. Grand Chord rail-line passes through Dhanbad junction, it connects Howrah and New Delhi. CIC rail line starts from Dhanbad and ends at Singrauli in Madhya Pradesh. There is one more rail line passing through the district, it starts at Kharagpur and ends at Gomoh, this rail line comes under South Eastern Railway. Dhanbad is connected with almost all states through rail network. Each and every train through this has a stop at Dhanbad, other than the Sealdah New Delhi & Howrah New Delhi Duronto Exp, which also has a Technical Halt, but not to be used for Commercial Purposes.

Double-decker train standing on the platform of Dhanbad railway station

On 1 October 2011, India's first AC double-decker train was flagged off to connect Howrah and Dhanbad. With this India joins the league of Europe and North America that run multi-deck trains. As on October 2011, the train runs daily except Sunday, departing from Howrah at 8:30 am to arrive at Dhanbad at 12:45 pm, and on return trip it departs Dhanbad at 6:30 pm to arrive at Howrah at 10:40 pm. It has a maximum permissible speed of 110 kilometres (68 mi)/hr with stops at Bardhaman, Durgapur, Asansol, Barakar and Kumardhubi on both legs of the route. This new AC design has several features namely stainless steel body, high-speed Eurofima design bogies with air springs and other safety-features. The coaches have a control discharge toilet system.[12][13][14][15]

Air

Dhanbad used to have air-connectivity with Calcutta and Patna in the eighties. Presently the airstrip at Barwadda, lies barren. Currently there is no air-link at Dhanbad. Dhanbad city has been selected for SMART CITIES of India so very soon a domestic airport will set up at Baliapur, few km apart from the main city. The nearest airports to Dhanbad are[16]

  1. Birsa Munda Airport, Ranchi 140 kilometres (87 mi)
  2. Gaya Airport 207 kilometres (129 mi)
  3. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport, Kolkata 269 kilometres (167 mi)
  4. Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport, Patna 271 kilometres (168 mi)
  5. Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport, Asansol 85 kilometres (53 mi)

Politics

Mannan Mallick of Congress won in the 40 Dhanbad assembly constituency defeating Raj Kumar Sinha of BJP in 2009.[17] Pashupati Nath Singh of BJP defeated Mannan Mallik of Congress in 2005, Prasadi Sao of RJD in 2000, and Ramadhar Yadav of JD in 1995. Surendra Prasad Roy of Congress defeated S.K. Shriva of JD in 1990 and Ram Chander Singh of Janata Party in 1985. Yogeshwar Prasad Yogesh of Congress defeated Gopi Kant Bakshi of CPI(M) in 1980 and Kalawati Devi of Janata Party.[18][19]

Dhanbad assembly constituency is part of Dhanbad (Lok Sabha constituency).[20]

There are number of Student Union is positively participating like ISU (Indian Student Union), NSUI, ABVP, CYJM (Chhatra Yuva Jagran Manch), AJSU, etc.

Media and sports

Hindi newspapers are mainly published from the city, among them Hindustan Dainik is the most popular, followed by Prabhat Khabar, Dainik Jagran and Dainik Bhaskar. "Dhanbad Bokaro Live" is published from Dhanbad.

Doordarshan relay station is present in Dhanbad near Koyla Nagar. There are some local news channels in the city such as, 'Antarkatha) which are creative media houses which broadcast on local cable on Dhanbad, Jharia, Bokaro, Chatra, Hazaribag, Kodrma, Ramgarh etc. This News Channel makes some artists which popular in all India and makes some short film documentaries and other programs which are popular. And other some creative youth is active in this channel.Shorty this news channel is going to be regional..and connecting with popular Fm Radio channels..

FM radio is available as Vividh Bharti Service of All India Radio at 101.8 MHz.

Cricket is the most popular sport in Dhanbad, followed by Football. Dhanbad is one of the centres where 34th National Games[21] was organized. Cricket Stadiums at present are at Tata Steel Stadium Digwadih, Nehru Stadium Jealgora and Railway Stadium where Ranji Trophy matches are organised. Women's International Cricket were also played at Railway Stadium Football matches of national level were played at Railway Stadium (but now it is converted into Cricket Stadium by the Railway management)and Sijua Stadium.

From 12 to 26 Feb 2011 during 34th National Games, Netball, Traithlon and Squash was played at ISM Campus and Officers Club, Sepak Takraw in Indoor Stadium, Rowing, Kayaking & Canoeing at Maithon Dam.

Tourist attractions

Rivers

Damodar River

The Damodar is the most important river of the Chotanagpur plateau. It rises in Palamu and flows eastward between the plateaus of Ranchi and Hazaribag. It is joined by the Bokaro, the Konar and the Barakar rivers. The Damodar enters Dhanbad district at its confluence with the Jamuria, a stream which marks the western boundary of Dhanbad with Hazaribagh District. Further east, the Damodar is joined by the Katri River which rises in the foot hills below Parasnath and traverses through the Coal-field Area. The Damodar flows for about 77 km. through the district being joined by the Barakar at its eastern border near Chirkunda. The Panchet dam extending to roughly 6 km is built on river Damodar. The hydal station there generates 40,000 K.W. per hour (sicsic).

The Barakar, which forms the northern boundary of the district, traverses about 77 km. In the district. It flows in south westerly direction up to Durgapur and then south till it joins the Damodar near Chirkuda. The Maithon dam is located on this river about 13 km off its confluence with the Damodar. Attached to it is the Maithan Power Station with a generating capacity of 60,000 K.W.H.

Among other small rivers in the district are Gobai, the Ijri, and the Khudia besides the river Katri.

Shopping centres and malls

Bank More, Dhanbad

Bank More being the central hub for Shopping, now the city has malls and shopping centers spreading across length and breadth of Dhanbad city namely City Centre Bartand, City Style-Dutta Tower(Hirapur) and Central Plaza ( Bank More ), Ozone Galleria (with Big Bazaar, Pantaloons, Domino's, INOX,[22] Reliance Trends, Reliance Digital, Reliance Footprints, Reebok, Raymond's, Samsung, Fastrack and many more. stores), Ozone Plaza (having Tanishq, Reliance Super, Blackberrys and Domino's), Sri Ram Plaza, AMWAY, Urmila Tower, V MART(LC Road),Style Kolkata (joraphatak), The family Store, New Market, Park Market (Hirapur),Vishal Mega Mart (Ozone Plaza), Spencer's (Centre Point Mall) etc. These are the places where one can shop.

Many more upcoming, namely Prabhatam Grand, Shristi Plaza (First Green Project of Jharkhand)[23] creating shopping paradises and housing major brands for people of Dhanbad.

Dhanbad will soon have its first full-fledged shopping mall "Center-Point Mall"(With Bank, Retail Shops, Food Court containing Restaurants, PVR Cinemas Multiplex) as construction is in full swing and it is set to change people's lifestyle and shopping experience.FUN CINEMAS is all set to open at Prabhatam Grand.

Presently Fame (Now INOX)[22] is the biggest multiplex in Jharkhand state situated in the Ozone Galleria Mall, Saraidhela. Fame Dhanbad, the multiplex has 4 screens with a seating capacity of 996 people. PVR cinemas will be in functioning soon in Center Point Mall Shastri Nagar, Bank More. Fun Cinemas is coming up in Prabhatam Grand Mall.[24] Gyan Bharati[25] situated at Joraphatak Road, Dhanbad, is one of the oldest and largest bookshops in Jharkhand for educational books and school uniforms.

Festivals

Durga Puja Mandap

Dhanbad is home to people from all across India. Charak Puja, Karma puja, Sarhul, Vishwakarma Puja, Saraswati Puja, Durga Puja, Chhath, Deepawali, Holi, Guru Purnima, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, Muharram and Christmas are among the long list of festivals celebrated in Dhanbad.

Notable people

Meiyang Chang ,Bollywood actor

Meenakshi Seshadri , Bollywood Actress

Yogita Bali , Bollywood Actress

References

  1. ↑ Eleven Indian cities among 100 fastest growing cities in the world. Merinews.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-14.
  2. ↑ Census- Jharkhand
  3. ↑ "Dhanbad Rail Division OVERVIEW". The Telegraph (Calcutta, India). 4 April 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
  4. ↑ "DHANBAD DISTRICT https://www.facebook.com/coalcity OVERVIEW". Retrieved 6 October 2011.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Dhanbad Introdcution/Jharkhand-Dhanbad Sightseeing-Dhanbad Jharkhand Transport-Places of Interest in Dhanbad. Indiatravelite.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-14.
  6. ↑ BIHAR REORGANISATION ACT,2000
  7. ↑ "Jharkhand Provisional Result-Census 2011" (PDF). Censusindia,gov,in. Census India. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
  8. ↑ Provisional 2011 Results. censusindia.gov.in
  9. ↑ LIST OF COAL MINES IN DHANBAD. dhanbad.nic.in
  10. ↑ http://www.bankifsccodes.co.in/BANKS_IN_DHANBAD
  11. ↑ http://www.lawcollegedhanbad.ac.in
  12. ↑ "Double-decker train to run from howrah". Deccan Chronicle. 1 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011. |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
  13. ↑ Kanwar, Disha (2 October 2011). "First AC double-decker train flagged off from Bengal". Business Standard. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  14. ↑ "India's first AC double-decker train flagged off". Videos News (The Times of India). Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  15. ↑ "Double decker train frequency increased". Business Line. 2 January 2012.
  16. ↑ "Dhanbad Railway Station". onefivenine.com. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
  17. ↑ "Jharkhand State Election Results 2009". Travel India Guide. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
  18. ↑ "State Elections 2006 – Partywise Comparison for 40-Dhanbad assembly constituency of Jharkhand". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
  19. ↑ "State Elections 2006 – Partywise Comparison for 40-Dhanbad assembly constituency of Jharkhand". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
  20. ↑ "Dhanbad Loksabha Constituency (Jharkhand)". India Study Channel.com. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
  21. ↑ 34th National Games website
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 http://www.famecinemas.com
  23. ↑ Shristi Realcon. Shristi Realcon. Retrieved on 2012-04-14.
  24. ↑
  25. ↑ Website: Gyan Bharati, Dhanbad

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dhanbad.