Des Moines-class cruiser

USS Des Moines (CA-134)
Class overview
Name: Des Moines-class cruiser
Operators: United States Navy
Preceded by: Oregon City class
Succeeded by: None
In commission: 1948–75
Planned: 12
Completed: 3
Cancelled: 9[1][2]
Retired: 3
Preserved: 1
General characteristics
Type:Heavy cruiser
Displacement:17,255 short tons (15,653 t) (standard)
20,934 short tons (18,991 t) (full load)
Length:716 ft 6 in (218.39 m)
Beam:76 ft 6 in (23.32 m)
Draft:22 ft (6.7 m)
Propulsion:4 shafts
General Electric turbines
4 boilers
120,000 shp (89,000 kW)
Speed:33 kn (61 km/h)
Range:10,500 nmi at 15 knots
19,400 km at 28 km/h
Complement:1,799 officers and enlisted
Armament:9 × 8 inch/55 caliber guns

12 × 5 inch/38 caliber guns
24 × 3 inch/50 caliber guns

12 × 20 mm Oerlikon cannons
Armor:6 in (150 mm) Belt
8 in (200 mm) Turrets
3 1⁄2 in (89 mm) Deck
6 1⁄2 in (170 mm) Conning Tower

The Des Moines-class cruisers were a group of U.S. Navy heavy cruisers, commissioned in 1948–1949. They were the last of the all-gun heavy cruisers, exceeded in size in the American navy only by the Alaska-class cruisers.

Description

Derived from the Baltimore-class heavy cruisers, they were larger, had an improved machinery layout, and carried a new design of auto-loading, rapid-fire 8"/55 gun (the Mk16).[3][4][5] The improved Mk16 guns of the main battery were the first auto-loading 8" guns fielded by the US Navy, and allowed a much higher rate of fire than earlier designs, capable of sustaining 12 shots per minute per barrel, or about twice that of the Mk12s found on the Baltimore class.[4] The auto-loading mechanism could function at any elevation, giving even these large-caliber guns some anti-aircraft ability.[4] While the secondary battery of six twin 5"/38 Mk12 DP guns was essentially unchanged from the preceding Oregon City and Baltimore-class cruisers, the Des Moines class carried a stronger battery of small-caliber anti-aircraft guns, including 12 twin 3-inch/50 Mk27 and later Mk33 guns, that were considered superior to the earlier ships' quad-mounted 40mm Bofors against then current airborne threats.[4]

History

Twelve ships of the class were programmed, but only three ships were completed: Des Moines (CA-134), Salem (CA-139), and Newport News (CA-148), with the USS Dallas (CA-140) canceled when she was approximately 28 percent complete. The first two were decommissioned in 1959 and 1961, respectively, but Newport News remained in commission until 1975, serving for a long period (1962–1968) as Second Fleet flagship, and then providing gunfire support off Vietnam 1969–1973. She had the distinction of being the last active all-gun cruiser (serving 25.5 years continuously) and the first completely air-conditioned surface ship in the U.S. Navy. Salem is a museum ship in Quincy, Massachusetts. Newport News was scrapped in 1993, and Des Moines was scrapped in 2006–2007. Dallas (CA-140) and eight other ships (CA-141 through CA-143 and CA-149 through CA-153) were canceled at the end of World War II.[2][4]

Ships in class

Ships in class
Hull Number Name Builder Laid down Launched Commission Decommissioned Fate
CA-134 Des Moines Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts 28 May 1945 27 September 1946 16 November 1948 6 July 1961 Stricken 9 July 1991, scrapped 2007
CA-139 Salem 4 July 1945 25 March 1947 14 May 1949 30 January 1959 Stricken 12 July 1991, museum ship at Quincy, Massachusetts
CA-140 Dallas 15 October 1945 - - - Cancelled 6 June 1946
CA-141 - - - - - Cancelled 7 January 1946
CA-142 - - - - - Cancelled 12 August 1945
CA-143 - - - - - Cancelled 12 August 1945
CA-148 Newport News Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia 1 October 1945 6 March 1948 29 January 1949 27 June 1975 Stricken 31 July 1978, sold for scrap 25 February 1993
CA-149 - - - - - Cancelled 12 August 1945
CA-150 Dallas New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey - - - - Cancelled 12 March 1945
CA-151 - - - - - Cancelled 12 March 1945
CA-152 - - - - - Cancelled 12 March 1945
CA-153 - - - - - Cancelled 12 March 1945

References

  1. ↑ Andrew Toppan (2000-04-24). "US Cruisers List: US Light/Heavy/AntiAircraft Cruisers, Part 2". Haze Gray & Underway.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "CA-134 Des Moines – Ship Listing". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
  3. ↑ "CA-134 Des Moines Class". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "CA-134 Des Moines – Program". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
  5. ↑ "CA-134 Des Moines Specifications". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-02-28.

External links

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