Defence Force Merit Medal
| Defence Force Merit Medal | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Awarded by the State President | |
| Country |
 Bophuthatswana |
| Type | Military decoration for merit |
| Eligibility | All Ranks |
| Awarded for | Extraordinarily excellent service and particular devotion to duty |
| Status | Discontinued in 1994 |
| Statistics | |
| Established | 1982 |
| BDF pre-1994 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear | |
| Next (higher) |
BDF precedence:
SANDF precedence:
|
| Next (lower) |
BDF succession:
SANDF succession:
|
 Ribbon bar | |
The Defence Force Merit Medal was instituted by the State President of the Republic of Bophuthatswana in 1982, for award to all ranks for extraordinarily excellent service and particular devotion to duty.[1][2][3]
The Bophuthatswana Defence Force
The Bophuthatswana Defence Force (BDF) was established upon that country's independence on 6 December 1977. It was organised into six military regions and the ground forces included two infantry battalions. The Bophuthatswana Air Wing was renamed to the Bophuthatswana Air Force (BAF) in late 1987, by which time it had twelve aircraft on strength. Initial training was provided by the South African Defence Force.[4][5]
The Fount of Honour for all Bophuthatswana's military decorations and medals was the State President of Bophuthatswana.[2][6]
The Republic of Bophuthatswana ceased to exist on 27 April 1994 and the Bophuthatswana Defence Force was amalgamated with six other military forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The seven constituent military forces were:
- The South African Defence Force (SADF).
- The Transkei Defence Force (TDF) of the Republic of Transkei.
- The Bophuthatswana Defence Force.
- The Venda Defence Force (VDF) of the Republic of Venda.
- The Ciskei Defence Force (CDF) of the Republic of Ciskei.
- Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the military wing of the African National Congress.
- The Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA), the military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress.[7]
Institution
The Defence Force Merit Medal was instituted by the State President in 1982.[1]
Award criteria
The medal could be awarded to all ranks for extraordinarily excellent service and particular devotion to duty.[3]
Order of precedence
Since the Defence Force Merit Medal was authorised for wear by one of the statutory forces that came to be part of the South African National Defence Force on 27 April 1994, it was accorded a position in the official South African order of precedence on that date.[1][8]
- Bophuthatswana Defence Force until 26 April 1994
- Official BDF order of precedence:
- Preceded by the Distinguished Gallantry Medal.
- Succeeded by the Marumo Medal, Class I.[1]
- Bophuthatswana official national order of precedence:
- Preceded by the Medal for Valour in the Prisons Service.
- Succeeded by the Medal for Merit in the Prisons Service.[1]
- South African National Defence Force from 27 April 1994
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- Official SANDF order of precedence:
- Preceded by the Pro Merito Medal (1975) (PMM) of the Republic of South Africa.
- Succeeded by the Sandile Medal (SM) of the Republic of Ciskei.[1]
- Official national order of precedence:
- Preceded by the National Intelligence Service Decoration, Silver of the Republic of South Africa.
- Succeeded by the Medal for Merit in the Prisons Service of the Republic of Bophuthatswana.[1]
The position of the Defence Force Merit Medal in the order of precedence remained unchanged, as it was on 27 April 1994, when decorations and medals were belatedly instituted in April 1996 for the two former non-statutory forces, the Azanian People's Liberation Army and Umkhonto we Sizwe, and again when a new series of military orders, decorations and medals was instituted in South Africa on 27 April 2003.[1]
Description
- Obverse
The Defence Force Merit Medal is a medallion struck in silver, 38 millimetres in diameter, with a six-pointed star with three rays between each pair of star points, surmounted by a silver leopard head on a light blue enameled roundel in the centre.[3][9]
- Reverse
The reverse displays the Coat of Arms of the Republic of Bophuthatswana.
- Ribbon
The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and cobalt blue, 32 millimetres wide with a 12 millimetres wide dark blue band, an 8 millimetres wide dark yellow band and a 12 millimetres wide dark blue band.[9]
Discontinuation
Conferment of the Defence Force Merit Medal was discontinued when the Republic of Bophuthatswana ceased to exist on 27 April 1994.[7]
See also
- Defence Force Commendation Medal
- Defence Force Merit Decoration
- South African military decorations order of precedence
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, OCLC 72827981
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Republic of Bophuthatswana Constitution Act, 1977
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 South African Medals Website - Bophuthatswana Defence Force (Accessed 30 April 2015)
- ↑ South Africa Homeland Militaries, May 1996 (Accessed 1 May 2015)
- ↑ Peled, Alon (1998), A Question of Loyalty: Military Manpower Policy in Multiethnic States, Cornell Studies in Security Affairs, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, pp. 50f, ISBN 0-8014-3239-1
- ↑ South African Medals Website - Legal aspects - Fount of Honour (Accessed 1 May 2015)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Warrant of the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of the "UNITAS MEDAL-UNITAS-MEDALJE", Gazette no. 16087 dated 25 November 1994.
- ↑ Republic of South Africa Government Gazette no. 15093, Pretoria, 3 September 1993
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Uniform: SA Army: Former Forces Medals - Bophuthatswana Defence Force (BDF)
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