Decane

Decane
Skeletal formula of decane
Skeletal formula of decane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added
Ball-and-stick model of the decane molecule
Names
IUPAC name
Decane[1]
Identifiers
1696981
124-18-5 Yes
ChEBI CHEBI:41808 Yes
ChEMBL ChEMBL134537 Yes
ChemSpider 14840 Yes
DrugBank DB02826 Yes
EC number 204-686-4
Jmol-3D images Image
MeSH decane
PubChem 15600
RTECS number HD6550000
UN number 2247
Properties
Molecular formula
 C10H22
Molar mass 142.28 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Gasoline-like
Density 0.730 g mL−1
Melting point −30.5 °C; −22.8 °F; 242.7 K
Boiling point 173.8 °C; 344.7 °F; 446.9 K
log P 5.802
Vapor pressure 195 Pa[2]
2.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
1.411–1.412
Viscosity 920 μPa s (at 20 °C)
Thermochemistry
Specific
heat capacity (C)
 315.46 J K−1 mol−1
425.89 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfHo298)
 −302.1–−299.9 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcHo298)
 −6779.21–−6777.45 kJ mol−1
Hazards
MSDS hazard.com
GHS pictograms
GHS signal word DANGER
H226, H304
P301+310, P331
EU classification Xn
R-phrases R10, R65
NFPA 704
Flammability code 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g., diesel fuel Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
2
1
0
Flash point 46.0 °C (114.8 °F; 319.1 K)
210.0 °C (410.0 °F; 483.1 K)
Explosive limits 0.8–2.6%
  • >2 g kg−1 (dermal, rabbit)
  • >5 g kg−1 (oral, rat)
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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Infobox references

Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H22 with 75 structural isomers.[3] These isomers are flammable liquids. Decane is a component of gasoline (petrol). Like other alkanes, it is nonpolar and does not dissolve in polar liquids, such as water. It has a surface tension of 0.0238 N·m−1.[4]

Reactions

Decane undergoes combustion reactions in a similar fashion to other alkanes. In the presence of excess oxygen, decane burns to form water and carbon dioxide.

2C10H22 + 31O2 → 20CO2 + 22H2O

When not enough oxygen is present for complete combustion, decane burns to form water and carbon monoxide.

2C10H22 + 21O2 → 20CO + 22H2O

See also

References

  1. ↑ "decane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
  2. ↑ Yaws, Carl L. (1999). Chemical Properties Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 159–179. ISBN 0-07-073401-1.
  3. ↑ The 75 Isomers of Decane
  4. ↑ Website of Krüss (8.10.2009)

External links

Media related to Decane at Wikimedia Commons