Dearborn Station

Dearborn Station U.S. National Register of Historic Places Chicago Landmark Dearborn Station head house, 2006 Location 47 West Polk Street Chicago, Illinois Coordinates 41°52′19.78″N 87°37′41.89″W / 41.8721611°N 87.6283028°W / 41.8721611; -87.6283028Coordinates: 41°52′19.78″N 87°37′41.89″W / 41.8721611°N 87.6283028°W / 41.8721611; -87.6283028 Built 1883 (1883) Architect Cyrus L. W. Eidlitz Architectural style Romanesque Revival Governing body Private NRHP Reference # 76000688[1] Significant dates Added to NRHP March 26, 1976 (1976-03-26) Designated CL March 2, 1982[2] All lines operating into Dearborn Station, except for the Santa Fe, travelled over the C&WI's

Dearborn Station (also referred to as Polk Street Station) was the oldest of the six intercity train stations serving downtown Chicago, Illinois. It currently serves as office and retail space. Located at Dearborn and Polk Streets, the station was owned by the Chicago & Western Indiana Railroad, which itself was owned by the companies operating over its line.

Description and history

The Dearborn Station, prior to 1922

The Romanesque Revival structure, designed by Cyrus L. W. Eidlitz, opened May 8, 1885 at a cost of $400 to $500 thousand (equivalent to $10.5 to $13.1 million in 2015).^[3] The three-story building's exterior walls and twelve-story clock tower were composed of pink granite and red pressed brick topped by a number of steeply-pitched roofs. Modifications to the structure following a fire in 1922 included eliminating the original pitched roof profile. Behind the head house were the train platforms, shielded by a large train shed.^[4] Inside the station were ticket counters, waiting rooms, and Fred Harvey Company restaurants.^[5][3]

Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) chose to consolidate its Chicago operations at the Union Station. The final intercity passenger train to depart Dearborn Station was the Grand Trunk Western Railroad's International Limited, which departed on April 30, 1971. The arrival of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway's San Francisco Chief and Grand Canyon from California on May 2 brought intercity operations at Dearborn to a close. The Norfolk & Western Railway's Orland Park commuter service, the Orland Park Cannonball, continued to use a platform at Dearborn until 1976.^[4]

By 1976, Dearborn Station's train shed was demolished and tracks were removed; the head house building was retained. The train station stood abandoned into the mid-1980s when it was converted to retail and office space.^[3] The former rail yards were converted for use as Dearborn Park.

Services

As of 1920 the Dearborn Station served as a terminal for 25 railroads, serving 17,000 passengers daily on 122 trains.^[3] Some of the railroad that served the station include the following, with some of the more well-known name trains listed:

• Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (Santa Fe) — the Chief, Super Chief, El Capitan, and Grand Canyon Limited (to name but a few) to Los Angeles, California; the Texas Chief to Galveston/Houston, Texas; the Antelope to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; the Kansas Cityan (and its eastbound counterpart, the Chicagoan) to Kansas City , Missouri; and the San Francisco Chief to San Francisco, California. Although the Santa Fe by far operated the greatest number of trains from the station, it was only a tenant.
• Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (moved to the Grand Central Station February 28, 1925).
• Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad — Cardinal, Zipper and Silent Knight to St. Louis, Missouri; Dixie Flyer to Evansville, continuing to Nashville, Tennessee, then Atlanta, Georgia, and finally St. Augustine, Florida. From July 31, 1904^[6] to August 1, 1913,^[7] Chicago & Eastern Illinois trains used LaSalle Street Station.
• Chicago, Indianapolis and Louisville Railway (Monon) — Hoosier and Tippecanoe to Indianapolis, Indiana.
• Erie Railroad (Erie Lackawanna Railway from 1960) — Erie Limited and Atlantic Express to New York City, New York.
• Grand Trunk Western Railroad — Maple Leaf, Inter-city Limited and International Limited to Toronto, Ontario and Montreal, Quebec. Mohawk to Detroit, Michigan.
• Wabash Railroad (Norfolk and Western Railway from 1964) — Blue Bird and Banner Blue to St. Louis, Missouri.

The following commuter rail services also operated from the station:

• Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad (until 1935) — operated from Dearborn Station to Crete, Illinois. Metra is planning to revive the route as its SouthEast Service.
• Chicago and Western Indiana Railroad (until 1964) — operated between Dearborn Station and Dolton, Illinois serving mostly local stops within Chicago's far south side.
• Chicago and Erie Railroad — operated from Dearborn Station to Rochester, Indiana.^[8]
• Grand Trunk Western Railroad (until 1935) — operated from Dearborn Station to Valparaiso, Indiana (later service was cut-back to Harvey, Illinois).
• Wabash Railroad (Norfolk and Western Railway from 1964) — used a track west of the station until 1976, when moved to the Union Station); now Metra's SouthWest Service.

In popular culture

The station's train shed being demolished in May 1976; the "head house" can be seen at the rear

Dearborn Station is mentioned multiple times in the 1974 "Adam's Ribs" episode of M*A*S*H, in which Hawkeye Pierce craves the barbecued ribs from a fictional restaurant adjacent to the station, but can't recall the name. He calls the station master from South Korea to get the restaurant's name and phone number.

"Dearborn Station" is a song by the rock band Fortune that was released in 1985.^[9]

See also

• Architecture of Chicago
• Printer's Row, Chicago
• South Loop
• Chicago Union Station
• Central Station (Chicago terminal)
• Great Central Station

References

Notes

Sources

• PRR Chronology

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dearborn Station (Chicago).

• Dearborn Street Station (Fred Harvey Exhibit)
• Dearborn Station Directory
• Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. IL-6, "Chicago & Western Indiana Railroad, Dearborn Station Trainshed"
• Property Valuation Map of Dearborn Station in 1953 (Requires DjVu plugin)