Crisis in the Kremlin

For the 1992 action-drama film, see Crisis in the Kremlin (film).

Crisis in the Kremlin
Cover art of Crisis in the Kremlin
Developer(s)	Barbu Corporation^[1] Spectrum HoloByte^[2]
Publisher(s)	^NA MicroProse ^EU MicroProse^[2]
Designer(s)	Larry Barbu^[2]
Composer(s)	Paul Mogg^[2]
Platform(s)	MS-DOS
Release date(s)	^NA 1991^[2] ^EU 1991
Genre(s)	Strategy (with managerial aspects)
Mode(s)	Single-player
Distribution	Floppy disk (5¹⁄₄")

Crisis in the Kremlin is a 1991 strategy video game with managerial aspects in which the player acts as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (incorrectly called the President throughout the game) from 1985 to 2017. The player assumes the role of the reformist Mikhail Gorbachev, the nationalist Boris Yeltsin, or the hardline Yegor Ligachev.^[3] Actual jokes recorded by the KGB can be found in the gameplay, depicting the concerns of the Soviet people in a humorous light.

Gameplay

General gameplay

Starting in 1985, the player handles various governing tasks, from policies such as civil rights and the workweek to budgets. It was the first game to include the individual allocation of funding in a budget.^[4] A significant portion of the game involves special events, such as the 1988 Armenian earthquake or the Chernobyl disaster.^[3] The player's responses to these events can involve taking the historical route or a dramatically different approach; the player is given usually three to five choices after picking up the appropriate telephone. The player must walk a line between radicals, reformists, and hardliners. Overly scorning any side can cause the player to fall out of favor with it, which may lead to a vote of confidence in the Politburo. Warsaw Pact states will also begin to shy away from the Soviet Union, as will the Baltic states, the Ukraine, and other Union Republics.

This screenshot shows a game taking place in the 2010s with the Russian people in severe turmoil. A food shortage is taking place which is about to turn into a severe crisis.

The player may cut or increase spending to various parts of the nation, such as construction, environment, the military, pensions, Soviet Republics, and so on.^[3] The player can spend toward different groups, such as bureaucrats or conservatives, to gain their support.^[3] A food shortage can occur, for example, if not enough money is being spent on agriculture and transport (roads, buses, railroads, trucks, highways, etc.).

Extra events occur if the player lasts past the Soviet Union's (and the game's own) time frame, such as American intervention in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea or the ability to renegotiate a new Union treaty to form a confederation or disband the Soviet Union altogether in favor of a British-style commonwealth. New technology will also develop, as will fears of an asteroid hitting the earth. The new technology can include things like vaccines for AIDS (developed by Soviet scientists that will improve diplomatic relationships with other nations) and animal cloning solutions that will prevent world hunger - using in vitro meat.

Factions

Reformist: The reformist candidate is the moderate starting position and stands in for Mikhail Gorbachev, the historical leader of the USSR in this time.^[3] Choosing this position will give the player neutral standing with all of the factions.^[3] Since having good relations with a faction is very rarely helpful, and having negative relations with a faction can get the player ousted from office, this is probably the easiest starting choice.^[3]

Nationalist: The nationalist candidate is the radical starting position and stands in for Boris Yeltsin, the man who led the opposition to the Soviet communist party in the 1980s and would become the first president of the Russian Federation.^[3] Choosing this position will give the player high popularity with the people and strong relations with the radical faction, but poor relations with the hardliners, the military and the KGB.^[3] In addition, choosing the nationalist options in events will often lead to a quicker dissolution of the eastern bloc alliance as well as problems with republics splitting off.^[3] If he or she wishes, the nationalist player does have the option of changing from Soviet General Secretary to Russian President mid-game.^[3] Since the hardliners start the game with more influence than the radicals, and the military and the KGB can both easily oust the player from office, this is probably the hardest starting choice.^[3]

Hardline: The Hardliner candidate is the reactionary starting position and stands in for Yegor Ligachev, a historical leader in the conservative elements of the Soviet communist party.^[3] Choosing this option will start the player with good relations with the hardline faction and the KGB.^[3] Although this might be the easiest choice in the beginning, over time choosing the hardline communist options in events will harm the Soviet economy, and events occur to weaken the influence of the hardliner faction and increase the power of the radical faction and people, possibly leading to the player getting ousted.^[3]

Criticism

Certain events repeat themselves each time the game is played: for example, the Chernobyl disaster. This lowers the replayability of the game, as a player can come to expect situations and plan accordingly. Some also view the collapse of the Soviet Union as an inevitable game result, as it is difficult to hold the country together past 1991, forcing the player to disband the USSR or face economic consequences that lead toward citizen revolt. One is doing well if any Republics remain in the Union by 2000. The player has the option to resign on January 1992, mimicking the move that Mikhail Gorbachev made. All the sounds made in the game are of very low MIDI-quality with a complete absence of a musical soundtrack.

Reception

Chuck Moss wrote in Computer Gaming World in 1992 that Crisis in the Kremlin was biased in a way that "drives the player toward establishing a free market, and both political and social liberation". The reviewer stated that as "an unreconstructed Reaganite" he agreed with the biases but noted that Cuba and China were examples of countries that did not perform USSR-like reforms and survived, writing that "This distorts the game's veracity from the outset". Moss criticized the detailed control the player has over the economy ("which was the USSR's problem in the first place!") without any way to reduce the control, and the lack of political conflicts with subordinates as in Hidden Agenda. Another example of the game's unrealism, the reviewer reported, was that he was repeatedly unable to have the USSR survive beyond 1988 when emulating Gorbachev. Moss nonetheless found the game very enjoyable ("I've played it for two months and I'm not sick of it") and approved of the graphics. He concluded that "This worthy stab at a limited genre is to be commended".^[5]

References

↑ "Additional developer/genre information". MobyGames. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Release information". GameFAQs. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 "Faction information/game overview". Giant Bomb. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
↑ Social Science Computer Review, Vol. 12, No. 3, 447-448 (1994), "Software Reviews: Crisis in the Kremlin"
↑ Moss, Chuck (1992-11). "Spectrum Holobyte's Crisis in the Kremlin". Computer Gaming World. p. 34. Retrieved 4 July 2014. Check date values in: |date= (help)