Coreidae

Coreidae
Male Amorbus rubiginosus
Coreid nymph
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Infraorder: Pentatomomorpha
Superfamily: Coreoidea
Family: Coreidae
Leach, 1815
Subfamilies

Agriopocorinae (disputed)
Coreinae
Meropachydinae
Pseudophloeinae
and see text

The Coreidae are a large family of predominantly herbivorous insects (leaf-footed bugs) that belong in the hemipteran suborder Heteroptera.[1] More than 1,900 species are placed in over 270 genera.[2] They vary in size from 7 to 45 mm long, making the larger species some of the biggest heteropterans. The body shape of coreids is quite variable, with some species broadly oval while others are slender. Coreids are found throughout the world, but most species are found in the tropics and subtropics.

In North America, they are colloquially called "squash bugs", because some species, such as Anasa tristis, are pests of squash plants and other cucurbits.[3][4] They are also called “leaf-footed bugs” due to the leaf-like expansions some species have on their hind legs.

Some coreids, such as Phyllomorpha laciniata, exhibit parental care by carrying their eggs. This behaviour can protect the eggs from parisitism.[5]

Etymology

The name comes from the Ancient Greek κόρις meaning bedbug.[6]

Taxonomy

The family Coreidae belongs to the order Hemiptera and is closely related to the families Alydidae, Hyocephalidae, Rhopalidae, and Stenocephalidae. Together, these five families form the superfamily Coreoidea.

Morphology

The general morphological features of the Coreidae are an oval-shaped body, antennae composed of four segments, a numerously veined fore wing membrane, a metathoracic stink gland, and enlarged hind tibiae.[1][3] Many species are covered with spines and tubercles.[2]

Systematics

This group is most often divided into three or four subfamilies; some selected genera are:

Agriopocorinae Miller, 1953 (often included in Coreinae)

Coreinae Leach, 1815

  • Acanthocephala Laporte, 1833
  • Acanthocerus Palisot, 1818
  • Althos Kirkaldy, 1904
  • Amblyomia Stål, 1870
  • Anasa Amyot & Serville, 1843
  • Catorhintha Stål, 1859
  • Chariesterus Laporte, 1833
  • Chelinidea Uhler, 1863
  • Chondrocera Laporte, 1832
  • Cimolus Stål, 1862
  • Coreus Leach, 1815
  • Dallacoris Osuna, 1981
  • Euthochtha Mayr, 1865
  • Ficana Stål, 1862
  • Hypselonotus Hahn, 1833
  • Leptoglossus Guérin-Méneville, 1831 – conifer seed bugs
  • Madura Stål, 1860
  • Mamurius Stål, 1862
  • Mozena Amyot & Serville, 1843
  • Namacus Amyot & Serville, 1843
  • Narnia Stål, 1862
  • Nisoscolopocerus Barber, 1928
  • Phthia Stål, 1862
  • Plectropoda Bergroth, 1894
  • Piezogaster Amyot & Serville, 1843
  • Sagotylus Mayr, 1865
  • Savius Stål, 1862
  • Scolopocerus Uhler, 1875
  • Sephina Amyot & Serville, 1843
  • Sethenira Spinola, 1837
  • Spartocera Laporte, 1833
  • Thasus Stål, 1865
  • Zicca Amyot & Serville, 1843

Meropachydinae Stål, 1867

Pseudophloeinae Stål, 1867

Numerous tribes of the Coreinae have previously been proposed for elevation to subfamily rank, for example, the Agriopocorini, Colpurini, Hydarini, Phyllomorphini, and Procamptini, but the only one of these changes accepted at least by a significant minority of researchers today is the first, and even recent reviews generally tend to treat the proposed Agriopocorinae as a tribe again, recognizing only the three subfamilies known by 1867. In addition, at least the genus Eubule is of decidedly indeterminate placement.

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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gordh G, Headrick, D H (2000). A Dictionary of Entomology. CABI Publishing.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schuh R T, Slater, J A (1995). True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. Cornell University Press.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Baranowski, R M (1986). Coreidae of Florida (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
  4. ↑ Hawkins, R D (2003). Shieldbugs of Surrey. Surrey Wildlife Trust.
  5. ↑ Gomendio, M; García González, F; Reguera, P; Rivero, A (2008). "Male egg carrying in Phyllomorpha laciniata is favoured by natural not sexual selection". Animal Behaviour 75 (3): 763–770. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.12.029.
  6. ↑ http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/coreidi/

External links