Cordes-sur-Ciel

Cordes-sur-Ciel

A view within Cordes-sur-Ciel

Coat of arms
Cordes-sur-Ciel

Coordinates: 44°03′52″N 1°57′13″E / 44.0644°N 1.9536°ECoordinates: 44°03′52″N 1°57′13″E / 44.0644°N 1.9536°E
Country France
Region Midi-Pyrénées
Department Tarn
Arrondissement Albi
Canton Cordes-sur-Ciel
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2014) Paul Quilès
Area1 8.27 km2 (3.19 sq mi)
Population (2007)2 1,014
 • Density 120/km2 (320/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 81069 / 81170
Elevation 159–320 m (522–1,050 ft)
(avg. 279 m or 915 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.
Cordes seen from the valley
Minstrels playing in front of a church during a festival

Cordes-sur-Ciel (Occitan: Còrdas) is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France.

The fortified town was built in 1222 by Raimon VII, the Count of Toulouse, who, though not a Cathar, tolerated what other Catholics considered a heresy.

Since the late 20th century, the village has become a popular tourist destination. Until 1993, the town's name was Cordes, a word thought to come from the Indo-European root "corte" meaning "rocky heights." That year, it was renamed Cordes-sur-Ciel, to indicate its height above the clouds over low-lying areas of the valley.

History

In 1222, Cordes received its charter from the Count of Toulouse to become a "bastide".[1] It is generally considered to be the first of the bastides of Southwest France. (Some historians classify Montauban, built in the 12th century, as a bastide.) Bastides were "new towns," originally conceived to resettle and shelter people who had been displaced by the Albigensian Crusade. They were also intended to colonize southwest France and encourage agricultural and related market development. Though not fortified, bastides were often built in defensible locations.

Cordes was built between 1222 and 1229 to protect the scattered population of the area from conflict. It was intended to replace the village of Saint-Marcel, which was burnt down by the troops of Simon de Montfort in 1215, during the Northern baron's crusade against the Albigensians.

By the 1229 Treaty of Paris, Raymond VII of Toulouse conceded defeat to Louis IX of France. Under the terms of the treaty, he was authorized and encouraged to develop the bastides. In 1241, Jeanne, the Count of Toulouse, married Alphonse II, the brother of Louis IX and the Count of Poitiers. As a result, Cordes became a part of France in 1271 without having been militarily conquered.

In 1436 Rodrigo de Villandrando pillaged Cordes as part of the Hundred Years' War. The citizens of Cordes, having built their homes within the original 13th-century ramparts, later escaped heavy damage during the religious wars at the end of the 16th century. As a result, some excellent examples of 13th and 14th-century Gothic architecture have been preserved.

Modern history

The town has attracted tourists interested in heritage destinations. In 1993 it adopted the new name of Cordes-sur-Ciel to reflect the town's site on a hill above the clouds that frequently collect in the river valley.

Points of interest

Geography

The village lies high above the left bank of the Cérou, which flows westward through the middle of the commune.

Notable figures

See also

References

  1. ↑ Randolph, Adrian, "The Bastides of Southwest France" The Art Bulletin 77.2 (June 1995), pp. 290–307

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cordes-sur-Ciel.