Clavier-Übung

Clavier-Übung (with or without the hyphen) is German for "keyboard practice" (today perhaps more appropriately "keyboard workout"). In the late 17th and early 18th centuries this was a common title for keyboard music collections, initially popular after its adoption by Johann Kuhnau in 1689,^[1][2] although today it is usually associated with Johann Sebastian Bach's series of publications (see List of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach printed during his lifetime).^[1]

The following composers published works under the title Clavier-Übung:

• Johann Sebastian Bach:^[1][2]
  • Clavier-Übung Part I: Six Partitas (1726–1730)
  • Clavier-Übung Part II: Italian Concerto and French Overture (1735)
  • Clavier-Übung Part III: German Organ Mass (1739)
  • Clavier-Übung (without Part number): Aria with Diverse Variations, later nicknamed Goldberg Variations (1741)
• Ferruccio Busoni
  • Klavierübung (1918–1925)
• Christoph Graupner:
  • Leichte Clavier-Übungen (c.1730)
• Johann Ludwig Krebs
  • Clavier Ubung Bestehend in verschiedenen vorspielen und veränderungen einiger Kirchen Gesaenge Nürnberg, J.U. Haffner, c. 1744)
  • Clavier-Ubung bestehet in einer [...] Suite [...] Zweyter Theil (Nürnberg, J.U. Haffner, c. 1744)
  • Clavier-Ubung bestehend in sechs Sonatinen … IIIter Theil (Nürnberg, J.U. Haffner, c. 1744)
• Johann Krieger
  • Anmuthige Clavier-Übung (1698)
• Johann Kuhnau:^[1][2]
  • Neuer Clavier-Übung, erster Theil (1689)
  • Neuer Clavier-Übung, anderer Theil (1692)
• Vincent Lübeck
  • Clavier Übung (1728)
• Georg Andreas Sorge
  • Clavier Übung in three parts, 18 sonatas for harpsichord (1738–c.1745)
  • Clavier Übung in two parts, 24 preludes for organ or clavichord (1739–42)

References

• Wolff, Christoph (1991), "Chapter 15: The Clavier-Übung Series", Bach: essays on his life and music, Harvard University Press, ISBN 0-674-05926-3 
• Boyd, Malcolm (2006), Bach, The Master Musicians Series (3 ed.), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-530771-2