Cixiinae

Cixiinae
Cixius nervosus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Infraorder: Fulgoromorpha
Superfamily: Fulgoroidea
Family: Cixiidae
Subfamily: Cixiinae
Tribes
See text

Cixiinae is a planthopper subfamily in the family Cixiidae. It is one of three such subfamilies, the other two being the Bothriocerinae and the Borystheninae.[1] While a few species had been tested in a larger study of the Fulgoroidea,[2] neither the Cixiinae nor its tribes were analysed cladistically until 2002.[1][3] Resolution of tribal relationships is incomplete and additional testing of the tribes with samples larger than one per tribe is needed.[4]

Tribes

In 1938 Metcalf divided the Cixiinae into tribes, including the Cixiini and Oecleini of Muir;[5] however, those divisions were seldom referred to and remained unanlaysed for decades.[2] Subsequently, the Stenophlepsiini were returned to the Cixiinae, and the Pentastirini were subdivided into the Pentastirina and Oliarina subtribes.[2][6] However, Oliarina was later synonymized under Pentastirina.[7] In 2002, Emeljanov created seven new tribes[3][4] and in 2004 subtribe Mnemosynina of tribe Pentastirini was raised to tribal level as the Mnemosynini.[8]

Currently there are sixteen recognized tribes, although some tribes lack adequate description:[4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Larivière, Marie‐Claude and Hoch, Hannelore (1998). "The New Zealand planthopper genus Semo White (Hemiptera: Cixiidae): taxonomic review, geographical distribution, and biology". New Zealand Journal of Zoology 25 (4): 429–442, page 429. doi:10.1080/03014223.1998.9518166. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Emeljanov, A. F. (1989). "To the problem of division of the family Cixiidae (Homoptera, Cicadina)". Entomological Review 68 (4): 54–67. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Emeljanov, A. F. (2002). "Contribution to classification and phylogeny of the family Cixiidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha)". Denisia 4: 103–112. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 Ceotto, Paula, and Bourgoin, Thierry (2008). "Insights into the phylogenetic relationships within Cixiidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha): cladistic analysis of a morphological dataset". Systematic Entomology 33 (3): 484–500. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00426.x. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014.
  5. ↑ Metcalf, Zeno Payne (1938). "The Fulgorina of Barro Colorado and other parts of Panama". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 82 (5): 277–423.
  6. ↑ Emeljanov, A. F. (1971). "New genera of leafhoppers of the families Cixiidae and Issidãe (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha) in the USSR". Entomological Review (Энтомологическое обозрение) 50 (3): 350–354. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014.
  7. ↑ Holzinger, W. E.; Emeljanov, A. F. and Kammerlander, I. (2002). "The family Cixiidae Spinola 1839 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)–a review". Denisia 4: 113–138. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014.
  8. ↑ Szwedo, Jacek (2004). "Autrimpus sambiorum gen. and sp. nov. from Eocene Baltic amber and notes on Mnemosynini stat. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae)". Annales Zoologici (BioOne (Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences)) 54 (3): 567–578. Abstract

External links

Wikispecies has information related to: Cixiinae