Chthamaloidea

Chthamaloidea
Temporal range: Cretaceous–Recent
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Maxillopoda
Order: Sessilia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Superfamily: Chthamaloidea
Newman & Ross, 1976
Families

see text.

The Chthamaloidea are a subdivision of Balanomorpha proposed by Newman and Ross[1] to include barnacles with shell wall composed of rostrum, carina, and one to three pairs of latera, rarely supplemented with one or more whorls of basal imbricating plates. The rostrolatus enters the sheath, but rarely fuses with the rostrum, as in the three higher superfamilies. Shell plates are simple in construction, solid, and incorporate organic chitin between carbonate layers. Opercular plates are deeply interlocked, and in some genera, may become concrescent with age.[1][2]:57[3] Soft part morphology includes concave labrum without notch in the central part. Cirrus III more resembles Cirrus IV than II, or may be intermediate in structure. Caudal appendages present in some species.[2]:57

Environmental preferences and distribution

All living Chthamaloidea, and very sparsely known fossil occurrences[3]:80 inhabit surf zone/intertidal/subtidal littoral zone habitats.[2]:57 Geographically, chthamaloids may be found in all temperate and tropical seas, but highest diversity is found in tropics.

Included families

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Newman, William A.; Arnold Ross (1976). "Revision of the balanomorph barnacles; including a catalog of the species". San Diego Society of Natural History. Memoir 9.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Poltarukha, Oleg (2006). Identification Atlas of the Superfamilly Chthamaloidea Barnacles (Cirripedia thoracica) in the World Ocean. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press, Ltd. ISBN 5-87317-278-1.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Buckeridge, John (1983). Fossil barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica) of New Zealand and Australia. Auckland: New Zealand Geological Survey.

External links