Chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide
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Systematic (IUPAC) name |
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6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide |
Clinical data |
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Trade names |
Diuril |
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AHFS/Drugs.com |
monograph |
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MedlinePlus |
a682341 |
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- US: C (Risk not ruled out)
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Oral, IV |
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Pharmacokinetic data |
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Bioavailability |
low |
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Metabolism |
Nil |
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Half-life |
45 to 60 hours |
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Excretion |
Renal |
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Identifiers |
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58-94-6 Y |
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C03AA04 |
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PubChem |
CID 2720 |
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DrugBank |
DB00880 Y |
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ChemSpider |
2619 Y |
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UNII |
77W477J15H Y |
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KEGG |
D00519 Y |
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ChEBI |
CHEBI:3640 Y |
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ChEMBL |
CHEMBL842 Y |
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Chemical data |
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Formula |
C7H6ClN3O4S2 |
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295.72 g/mol |
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SMILES
- O=S(=O)(c1c(Cl)cc2c(c1)S(=O)(=O)/N=C\N2)N
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InChI=1S/C7H6ClN3O4S2/c8-4-1-5-7(2-6(4)16(9,12)13)17(14,15)11-3-10-5/h1-3H,(H,10,11)(H2,9,12,13)
Y
Key:JBMKAUGHUNFTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Y
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Y (what is this?) (verify) |
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Chlorothiazide sodium (Diuril) is a diuretic used within the hospital setting or for personal use to manage excess fluid associated with congestive heart failure. It is also used as an antihypertensive.
Most often taken in pill form, it is usually taken orally once or twice a day. In the ICU setting, chlorothiazide is given to diurese a patient in addition to furosemide (Lasix). Working in a separate mechanism than furosemide, and absorbed enterically as a reconstituted suspension administered through a nasogastric tube (NG tube), the two drugs potentiate one another.
Indications
- Large amount of excess fluid including:
Contraindications
Dose
- 500 mg–1 g once or twice a day, by mouth or through NG tube (reconstituted suspension)
- May also be given intravenously, and should be given first if given in combination with IV lasix since it potentiate's the diuretic effect of furosemide.
Side effects
History
The Research team of Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories: Karl H. Beyer, Jr., M.D., Ph.D.; James M. Sprague, Ph.D.; John E. Baer, Ph.D.; and Frederick C. Novello, Ph.D. created a new series of medications, the thiazide diuretics, which includes chlorothiazide. They won an Albert Lasker Special Award in 1975 for its creation. http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/formaward.htm
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| Sulfonamides (and etacrynic acid) | |
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| Potassium-sparing (at CD) | |
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| Osmotic diuretics (PT, DL) | |
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| Vasopressin receptor antagonists (DCT and CD) | |
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| Other | |
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| Description |
- Anatomy
- Arteries
- head and neck
- arms
- chest
- abdomen
- legs
- Veins
- head and neck
- arms
- chest
- abdomen and pelvis
- legs
- Development
- Cells
- Physiology
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| Disease |
- Congenital
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Lymphatic vessels
- Injury
- Vasculitis
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- beta blockers
- channel blockers
- diuretics
- nonsympatholytic vasodilatory antihypertensives
- peripheral vasodilators
- renin–angiotensin system
- sympatholytic antihypertensives
- vasoprotectives
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