Chhattisgarhi language

Chhattisgarhi
छत्तीसगढ़ी
Native to India
Region Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh
Native speakers
 18 million  (2002)[1]
Census results conflate some speakers with Hindi.[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 Either:
hne – Chhattisgarhi
sgj – Surgujia
Glottolog chha1249[3]
Linguasphere 59-AAF-ta

Chhattisgarhi (Devanagari: छत्तीसगढ़ी) is the official language in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh, spoken by 17.5 million people.[1] It is an Eastern Hindi language with heavy vocabulary and linguistic features from Munda and Dravidian languages.[4] Chhattisgarhi has been known by the name Khaltahi to surrounding hill-people and by the name Laria to speakers in neighboring regions of Odisha to Chattisgarh.[5][6] The speakers are concentrated in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh and in adjacent areas of Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Jharkhand. Chhattisgarhi cultural and political movements, with origins going back to the 1920s, affirmed Chhattisgarhi linguistic and cultural identity and sought greater autonomy within India. This came about in 2000 when 16 districts of the state of Madhya Pradesh became the new state of Chhattisgarh.

Classification

Chhattisgarhi is most closely related to Bagheli and Awadhi (Avadhi), and these languages are classified in the East Central Zone of the Indo-Aryan languages, the Indian branch of the Indo-European language family.

Its precise relationship to Hindi is complex and as with other members of the Hindustani dialect continuum, its status as a dialect or separate language is to some degree a judgment call. According to the Indian Government, Chhattisgarhi is an eastern dialect of Hindi,[7] but it is classified as a separate language in Ethnologue. Chhattisgarhi has several identified dialects of its own. In addition to Chhattisgarhi Proper, these are Baighani, Bhulia, Binjhwari, Kalanga, Kavardi, Khairagarhi, Sadri Korwa, and Surgujia. Surgujia might be a distinct language.[8]

Writing

Chhattisgarhi, like Hindi, is written using the Devanagari script.

Film industry

After the formation of the new state, films in Chhattisgarhi language attracted artists from all over the India. World-renowned singer Lata Mangeshkar and others also sang Chhattisgarhi songs.

See also

Sources

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chhattisgarhi at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
    (includes Surgujia)
  2. ↑
  3. ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Chhattisgarhi". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  4. ↑ Pathak, Dewangan, Rijuka, Somesh. "Natural Language Chhattis garhi: A Literature Survey" (PDF). International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 1 2 N umber 2 - Jun 2014. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
  5. ↑ Subodh Kapoor (2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia: La Behmen-Maheya. Cosmo Publications. pp. 4220–. ISBN 978-81-7755-271-3.
  6. ↑ Subodh Kapoor (2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia: India (Central Provinces)-Indology. Cosmo Publications. pp. 3432–. ISBN 978-81-7755-268-3.
  7. ↑ Om Gupta (2006). Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Gyan Publishing House. pp. 509–. ISBN 978-81-8205-392-2.
  8. ↑ Surgujia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)

Bibliography

Web magazine of Chhattisgarhi language गुरतुर गोठ

External links

Chhattisgarhi language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator