Cherry Poppin' Daddies

The Cherry Poppin' Daddies are an American band established in Eugene, Oregon in 1989. Formed by singer Steve Perry and bassist Dan Schmid, the band has experienced many membership changes over the years, with only Perry, Schmid and trumpeter Dana Heitman currently remaining from the founding line-up.

The Daddies' music is primarily a mix of swing and ska, contrastingly encompassing both traditional jazz-influenced forms of the genres as well as modern rock, pop and punk hybrids, characterized by a prominent horn section and Perry's darkly mordant lyricism. While the band's earliest releases were rooted mostly in punk rock and funk, their subsequent studio albums have since incorporated elements from many diverse genres of popular music and Americana into their sound, including rockabilly, rhythm and blues, soul and world music.

Having first established themselves in the West Coast third wave ska scene, the Daddies ultimately broke into the musical mainstream with their 1997 swing compilation Zoot Suit Riot. Released at the onset of the late 1990s swing revival, Zoot Suit Riot sold over two million copies in the United States while its eponymous single became a radio hit, launching the Daddies to the forefront of the neo-swing movement. By the end of the decade, however, the Daddies' mainstream popularity declined with that of the swing revival's, and the resulting commercial failure of their ska-flavored follow-up Soul Caddy led to an abrupt hiatus in 2000.

The Daddies officially regrouped in 2002 to resume part-time touring, eventually returning to recording with the independently released Susquehanna in 2008. Their sixth studio album, a swing/rockabilly double album entitled White Teeth, Black Thoughts, was released on July 16, 2013.

History

Formation

Following his high school graduation in 1981, Steve Perry left his hometown of Binghamton, New York, for Eugene, Oregon, to pursue track and field and a chemistry degree at the University of Oregon.^[1][2] A punk rock fan since adolescence, Perry soon became engrossed in Eugene's underground music scene, where he eventually met and befriended musician and fellow University student Dan Schmid. Sharing similar musical ambitions and a mutual disinterest in school, the pair agreed to drop out of college together and start a band, forming the punk trio The Jazz Greats in 1983, which evolved into the Paisley Underground-styled garage rock group Saint Huck, who lasted from 1984 to 1987.^[3][4]

As the rise of grunge began to phase punk and hardcore out of the Northwest underground by the late 1980s, Perry set out to start a band that stood in defiant contrast to the shoegazing attitude of alternative rock, showcasing high energy dance music and Zappa-esque theatricality in an attempt to create something that an audience would react to viscerally instead of passively.^[5][6][7] Recruiting a horn section led by alto saxophonist Brooks Brown, Perry and Schmid formed their latest band Mr. Wiggles – named after a Parliament song – in November 1988, playing their first show in Springfield as part of a benefit concert for workers of the Nicolai door manufacturing plant, who were then engaged in a union strike.^[4][5][8][9]

"My conception of punk", Perry told The Rocket, "was doing whatever the hell you wanted as long as it had vitality and wasn't overly stupid...something exploratory and experimental", citing influence from genre-bending bands such as The Clash and the Meat Puppets.^[1][8] In their earliest incarnation, Mr. Wiggles played punk-inflected funk and soul music, though Perry's songwriting soon grew to draw heavily from a newfound interest in jazz, swing and rhythm and blues, combining punk rock and jazz arrangements in what Perry described was a desire to contemporize American roots music by infusing it with punk energy and using modernist, socially aware lyricism.^[5][10]

Early years (1989–1993)

The W.O.W. Hall, where the Daddies played their first show and many others as the venue's house band.

By early 1989, the title of Mr. Wiggles had been retired as the band switched to the intentionally risqué "Cherry Poppin' Daddies". Derived from a jive phrase the band had heard on a vintage race record,^[11] the name intended to reflect the group's jazz and blues influences as well as an edgy punk irreverence in the same vein as the Butthole Surfers, though the decision was ultimately made on impulse, as the members had run out of time to figure out a name to put on their posters and doubted their longevity past a handful of shows.^[12][13][14] The band played their first show as the Cherry Poppin' Daddies at Eugene's W.O.W. Hall on March 31, 1989.^[4]

Boasting a full horn section, a penchant for stage theatrics and encouraging their audiences to dance, the Daddies sought to prove themselves the antithesis to the then-current state of Northwest rock.^[1] As Perry said of the Daddies' ideology, "It was our way of saying 'screw you' [to alternative rock 'phoniness']"..."we wanted to have fun, outrageously have a good blast without even thinking about it".^[15][16] By the end of 1989, the Daddies had built a strong following within Eugene's counterculture, frequently selling out shows and gathering critical acclaim, earning praise from Eugene Weekly as being the city's best band "by far".^[17]

	"Flovilla Thatch vs. the Virile Garbageman" (1990) Sample of "Flovilla Thatch vs. the Virile Garbageman" from 1990's Ferociously Stoned, exemplifying the brass-heavy funk rock sound typical of the Daddies' early material.
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The Daddies recorded their first demo cassette 4 From On High in July 1989, featuring four tracks of punk-tinged swing and funk rock. The tape went on to sell over 1,000 copies in the Eugene and Portland areas,^[18] enabling the band to self-produce their debut LP Ferociously Stoned the following year. Fusing punk rock and jazz horns with funk grooves, the album garnered favorable comparisons to contemporaries Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers.^[19] Before it was even officially released, Ferociously Stoned became a regional best-seller, setting a record for advance sales in Eugene's record stores and then remaining for over a year on The Rocket's Northwest Top Twenty list,^[2] helping expand the Daddies' touring reach to as far as Alaska and Los Angeles by 1992.

Eugene controversies and censorship

In addition to their unusual mix of musical styles, the Daddies became perhaps most notorious for their extravagant and often provocative stage shows. With the band donning a rotating array of flamboyant costumes, a typical Daddies performance would often feature go-go dancers, phallic stage scenery, prop-heavy vaudevillian skits and choreographed dance numbers.^[17][20] Perry — performing under the mad scientist stage persona of "MC Large Drink"^[13] — would engage in absurdist shock rock antics such as mock crucifixion, flag burning and slathering his body with various foods and liquids.^[20][21][22] The most infamous element of the Daddies' early stage shows, however, was the "Dildorado" (alternately "Dildozer"), a penis-shaped modified ride-on lawnmower which mimicked ejaculation by shooting salvos of colorful fluids from its tip.^[21][23]

Almost immediately, the Daddies emerged a controversial presence within Eugene's actively political atmosphere. Feminist groups condemned the band's performances as pornographic, accusing their band name and sexually charged lyricism as promotion of sexism and misogyny, claims which Perry boldly disputed, defending the controversial elements as misinterpreted satire.^[20][24][25] In what Eugene Weekly called "the most hotly discussed topic in the local music scene" and "the Eugene flash point for the growing national debate on censorship [and] free speech", the Daddies endured a storm of controversy which nearly ended their burgeoning career.^[20] Vigilante protest groups habitually tore down or defaced the band's posters and led boycotts against venues that would book the group and even newspapers which gave them a positive review.^[26] The Daddies' concerts regularly became sites of organized picketing and, on one occasion, a bomb threat.^[8][20][27] The band members themselves were frequent recipients of hate mail, threats and physical harassment: once, Perry claimed, an irate protester threw a cup of hot coffee in his face as he was walking down the street.^[7][8]

At first, the Daddies refused to change their name on the grounds of artistic freedom, but after venues refused to book them due to the negative publicity that naturally accompanied their shows — including a temporary ban from the W.O.W. Hall, where the Daddies had previously served as house band^[1] — the group caved into community pressure, taking to performing under pseudonyms such as "The Daddies", "The Bad Daddies" and similar variations just within Eugene, retaining their full title while traveling abroad.^[20][28][29] As the Daddies advanced in their career and retired the theatrical elements from their live shows, the controversies surrounding them waned and the band returned to using their full name in their hometown, though some minor protests resurfaced during their mainstream success in the late 1990s.^[30]

National touring and independent success (1994–1996)

The Cherry Poppin' Daddies in Los Angeles, California in 2009.

After numerous member changes including the departure of co-founder Brown and the addition of guitarist Jason Moss, the Daddies had progressed into a full-time touring band by early 1994. Now traveling coast-to-coast, the band was playing upwards of 200 shows a year, including spots at festivals such as SXSW in Austin, Texas and New York's CMJ Music Marathon.^[31][32] The Daddies eventually developed a steady following in the San Francisco Bay Area, where they became a staple of the region's thriving third wave ska scene, acting as regular touring support for ska bands like Skankin' Pickle, Let's Go Bowling, Fishbone and The Mighty Mighty Bosstones.^[31][33] In 1994, the group was awarded SF Weekly's title of "Best Unsigned Band".^[34]

While the mainstream's growing focus on punk and ska by the mid-1990s began presenting the Daddies with commercial opportunities – leading The Register-Guard to predict them as becoming the next Northwestern act "to go national"^[35] – the band chose to remain wholly independent during this time to allow themselves unlimited creative freedom, supposedly after several major contract offers (including a brief attachment to Hollywood Records^[16]) had been withdrawn due to the Daddies' refusal to adhere to any one particular genre.^[36][37]

	"Don Quixote" (1996) Released during ska music's commercial resurgence, Kids on the Street‍ '​s heavy ska punk influence helped make it the Daddies' then-most successful independent album.
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This experimental freedom was fully exercised on the Daddies' second album, Rapid City Muscle Car. Self-produced and self-recorded, Rapid City Muscle Car was the band's attempt at creating an eclectic concept album wherein each track was composed in a different musical style, yet were all thematically united through interconnected lyricism.^[16][38] Anchored in funk and swing, the album featured genre experiments in ska punk, psychedelic rock, country, rockabilly, big band, hard rock and lounge.^[16][38] Released on the band's self-operated label Space Age Bachelor Pad Records in December 1994, the album sold decently, though failed to match the success of Ferociously Stoned.^[36]

Throughout the mid-1990s, the Daddies toured constantly, carrying out six cross-country tours in 1996 alone following the release of their third independent album, Kids on the Street.^[39] A remarkable musical departure from their previous work, Kids on the Street was primarily a showcase of the ska influences which had gradually become a major part of the Daddies' live sound, forgoing their usual brassy funk and swing-based eclecticism in favor of guitar-driven ska, rock and punk.^[40] Distributed by noted indie label Caroline Records, Kids on the Street wound up becoming the Daddies' then-most successful release, remaining on The Rocket‍ '​s Retail Sales Top Twenty for over seven months and eventually working its way onto Rolling Stone‍ '​s Alternative Charts.^[31][41]

Zoot Suit Riot and major label years (1997–1999)

With the breakthrough of third wave ska into the American mainstream by late 1996,^[42] the Daddies seemed poised for commercial success, landing a spot on a well-publicized national tour with popular ska bands Reel Big Fish and Let's Go Bowling.^[43] Although the band were mainly playing ska shows at the time, they soon began drawing a sizable following for their swing material when the coincident success of the film Swingers and its featured band Big Bad Voodoo Daddy started drawing public and media attention towards the formerly underground swing revival movement.^[44] When fans regularly began approaching the band's merchandise table asking which of their albums contained the most swing, the Daddies realized they lacked an album fully representing their swing side, prompting the band's manager to convince them to compile all of their swing songs onto one CD until they could afford to make a new album, using their available finances to record several bonus tracks for inclusion.^[6][45][46] The result, Zoot Suit Riot: The Swingin' Hits of the Cherry Poppin' Daddies, became an unexpectedly popular item as the band went on tour, reportedly selling as many as 4,000 copies a week through their Northwest distributors.^[6]

Despite the promising sales of Zoot Suit Riot, this period proved to be the most difficult of the Daddies' career. Consistently performing to little media recognition, full-time touring was becoming both a personal and financial strain, leading to frequent quitting among band members. The Daddies experienced at least fifteen line-up changes from 1996 to 1997, including the departure of original keyboardist Chris Azorr and co-founder Schmid, leaving Perry and trumpeter Dana Heitman as the sole remnants of the original line-up.^[27] With no label backing them, the band had trouble securing distribution and press outside of the Northwest, often being unable to get their CDs sold in cities they were touring through.^[47] Feeling they had finally hit a glass ceiling as an independent band, Perry said the Daddies were ultimately left with one of two options at this time: either sign to a label or break up.^[10][47]

In the midst of another tour together, Reel Big Fish arranged a meeting between their label Mojo Records and the Daddies in the hopes of helping the band obtain a distribution deal, negotiations of which instead led to Mojo signing the Daddies to a full recording contract.^[39][46] Zoot Suit Riot was licensed and reissued by Mojo and given national distribution in July 1997, less than four months after its original release.

Mainstream breakthrough

By October 1997, the rising popularity of swing music had contributed to the consistently steady sales of Zoot Suit Riot, persuading Mojo to issue the album's title track as a single and distribute it among mainstream radio stations. The Daddies, who were beginning work on their next studio album, ardently protested this move, believing that a swing song would never receive major airplay and were concerned that the band would end up having to recoup the marketing costs.^[8][46][47] Mojo nevertheless persisted, and to the band's surprise, "Zoot Suit Riot" soon found regular rotation on stations such as Los Angeles' influential KROQ-FM, helping establish swing music in the mainstream and leading to its eventual commercial breakthrough, with the Daddies at the forefront.^[48][49] By mid-1998, the Daddies had emerged as one of the most successful bands of the swing revival: after climbing to number one on Billboard's Top Heatseekers, Zoot Suit Riot became the first album of the swing revival to crack the Top 40 on the Billboard 200, peaking at number 17 and spending an ultimate total of 53 weeks on the charts.^[50] In June 1998, the album had sold 500,000 copies in the United States, going on to surpass sales of 1.4 million by August.^[51][52]

	"Zoot Suit Riot" (1997) Though never intended as a single, "Zoot Suit Riot" became the Daddies' breakout hit and one of the most popular songs of the swing revival.
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Suddenly finding themselves in hot demand, the Daddies immediately started touring again. Spending the majority of 1998 and 1999 on the road, the band were playing close to 300 shows a year, carrying out both headlining and supporting tours of the United States while traveling internationally as one of the headliners on the 1998 Warped Tour beside Rancid, NOFX and Bad Religion.^[53] By this time, the group's touring conditions had greatly improved, thus enticing Dan Schmid – who had originally left the band due to health concerns – to return as the Daddies' bassist at Perry's request.^[54]

Although the Daddies were experiencing commercial success under the guise of swing revivalists, having been declared the "leaders" of the movement by Rolling Stone, the band openly contested being labeled a retro act at the exclusion of their dominant ska and punk influences and modernist lyricism.^[19][53][55] While still vocal supporters of both the swing revival and its bands, the Daddies adamantly tried to disassociate themselves from the swing scene and in particular its nostalgia-based mentality. Perry explained to Spin in July 1998, "it's not our mission to be a swing band. I'm not a guy from the '40s. That's why we play ska and use heavy guitars",^[56] noting elsewhere "I can't fully take us out of the retro classification, but we harp on the fact that we're contemporary music".^[19] Thusly, the Daddies avoided touring with swing bands, selecting Latin rock group Ozomatli and ska/soul band The Pietasters as support on their first headlining U.S. tour, and opening for Argentine rock band Los Fabulosos Cadillacs on their 1998 North American tour.^[48][57] At one point, the Daddies attempted to arrange a tour with Primus which never materialized;^[55] said Perry, "I know there are people who come to our shows who'd like nothing more than for us to play swing 24/7...there are plenty of bands who want to be swing bands and swing bands only. We're trying to find the audience who'll let us write songs and just be who we are".^[58]

During the height of the Daddies' popularity, Perry found the band's mainstream notoriety was causing an alienating effect on his personal life, claiming it to have negatively changed his relationships with friends and even subjected him to occasional heckling from strangers who recognized him in public.^[59][60] He would later recall, "It's a total cliché, but [fame] doesn't make you happy. There's a lot missing. Success has given people the right to yell at me on the street, but I don't really feel like it's given me any dignity".^[61] Already feeling burnt out from the Daddies' constant touring, Perry's frustration was only exacerbated by the media's persistent dismissal of the Daddies as a retro novelty act, though he later claimed to have felt pressured to maintain the image due to audience and media expectations.^[58][60][62] When the band began to face criticism and accusations of selling out from their Northwest fanbase,^[63][64] the Daddies fought to further push themselves away from their mainstream typecasting: in a 1999 interview, responding to their place in the swing scene, Perry retorted "[we'll] unapologetically play ska right in the face of people who want to hear swing".^[65]

Zoot Suit Riot had sold over two million copies in the United States by the time the swing revival's mainstream popularity had declined, finally slipping off the charts in January 2000.^[3] With their touring schedule coming to a close, the Daddies began work on their next studio album.

Soul Caddy and mainstream decline (2000)

In the fall of 1999, the Daddies returned to the studio to record their fourth album, Soul Caddy. A loose concept album reflecting Perry's disillusionment over the cultural zeitgeist and his experience with fame (as he described it, a "bittersweet" record about "being alienated and hoping to connect"^[60]), Soul Caddy marked a continuation of the band's musically varied format, intended to introduce a truer perspective of the Daddies' sound and personality to both their swing-based fans and a wider audience.^[62][66][67] Drawing from the rock and pop of the 1960s and 1970s, Soul Caddy interwove swing and ska with glam rock, soul, psychedelic pop, folk and funk.^[61][68][69]

Despite allowing the Daddies creative control over Soul Caddy‍ '​s production, Mojo's response to the album was marginal.^[68] Claiming that the new material was not like "the Cherry Poppin' Daddies people know and love", the label did little to promote either the album or its glam-styled single "Diamond Light Boogie", at one point releasing the latter without the band's name on it, allegedly due to hesitancy over marketing a rock single from a band primarily known for swing music.^[70][71] With virtually no promotion, Soul Caddy was quietly released on October 3, 2000.

Met by an audience largely unaware of the Daddies' eclectic background, Soul Caddy was received negatively by both fans and critics, one of the more prevalent criticisms being its lack of swing tracks.^[72] Many reviewers chastised the band for what was being seen as an abandonment of their swing "roots" in favor of a trendier sound,^[73] while some criticized the Daddies' entire musical aesthetic — UGO's Hip Online stated bluntly, "covering five or six genres on one album is just insane".^[74] The Los Angeles Daily News placed Soul Caddy on their list of the 10 worst albums of 2000, the reviewer wondering what made a swing band "think it could get away with an album of recycled psychedelic pop".^[75]

Despite some moderate critical praise including a glowing review from AllMusic, who called the album's "impressively surprising" array of sounds "refreshing coming from a band who was assumed to be generic retro swing",^[76] Soul Caddy failed to achieve the chart success or commercial attention of its predecessor. The Daddies' accompanying national tour fared just as poorly, showing a marked decline in attendance and negative audience reactions towards the band's decreased focus on playing swing music.^[64] Speaking retrospectively in a 2002 interview, Perry recalled "we went out on tour and most people saw us as a swing band because of the success of Zoot Suit Riot...we felt this tension to be something we weren't".^[64] Facing low ticket sales and their own dissatisfaction over the tour's outcome, the Daddies brought their scheduled tour to an early close, eventually reaching a mutual decision upon taking an indefinite hiatus in December 2000.^[64] "A lot of it was just fatigue", Perry explained, "We'd be on the road for a long time and we had no life outside of Cherry Poppin' Daddies. I think everybody was interested in doing other things".^[77] The Daddies were released from Mojo shortly thereafter, though Jason Moss would later comment that the band were kicked "to the curb" after Soul Caddy‍ '​s poor commercial performance.^[78]

Hiatus and limited touring (2001–2006)

With nearly a decade of full-time band activity come to a rest, the Daddies parted ways to pursue other musical endeavors, remaining active in various local bands. Perry and Moss formed the theatrical glam punk group White Hot Odyssey, releasing an album on Jive Records in 2004 and later becoming a regular opening act for the Daddies' local concerts until their disbandment in 2005. Dan Schmid and keyboardist Dustin Lanker formed the piano rock trio The Visible Men, recording two independent albums and touring extensively throughout the Northwest in the early and mid-2000s, while Lanker worked steadily as a touring member of the California ska punk band Mad Caddies. Drummer Tim Donahue, after a stint with The Visible Men, worked as a session musician, recording on albums for artists including TobyMac and Shawn McDonald and playing in Yngwie Malmsteen‍ '​s band for his 2001 European tour.^[79][80]

Over the next few years, all Daddies activity was put on further hold as the members returned to their family lives and full-time jobs, while Perry chose to resume his education at the University of Oregon, eventually graduating in 2004 with a B.S. in molecular biology.^[70] In February 2002, the Daddies spontaneously regrouped to play a sporadic series of music festivals in the Northwest, though immediately announced no future plans for recording new material or carrying out any extensive tours.^[64] Favoring a change of pace from their formerly exhaustive touring habits, the Daddies began scheduling their performances entirely around the band members' desire and personal availability, playing as few as eight to ten shows a year and limiting their appearances largely to Northwest shows or commissions for one-off "swingin' hits" concerts at various fairs and festivals across the United States.^[64][81]

Susquehanna and return to independent label (2006–2009)

Following several years of relative inactivity as the band maintained their relaxed touring pace, Perry began writing material for a new Daddies album in early 2006, claiming to have come to the realization of a cathartic reliance on songwriting.^[82] In an April 2006 radio interview, he confirmed that the band was in preparation over recording a new studio album, noting that the music would cover new territory for the Daddies, drawing heavily on tropical themes.^[83] This was followed shortly thereafter by the band's first U.S. tour since 2000, where much of this new material was debuted.

Self-produced and recorded in Eugene during the summer of 2007, the Daddies' fifth album, Susquehanna, was released via digital download exclusively through the band's website in February 2008, receiving a limited CD release several months later. Taking the shape of a narrative concept album which Perry detailed as a portrait of "various relationships in decay", Susquehanna featured prominent strains of Latin and Caribbean-influenced music, incorporating flourishes of flamenco, Latin rock and reggae into the band's traditional fare of swing and ska.^[84][85] While its low-profile DIY release went mostly unnoticed by the mainstream media, response from internet-based publications ranged from mixed to positive, with reviewers once again polarized over the album's eclectic blend of genres.^[86][87] The Daddies embarked on another full-length tour in support of Susquehanna in mid-2008, followed by a headline tour of Europe, their first visit to the continent since 1998.^[88]

In July 2009, the Daddies announced having signed to independent label Rock Ridge Music for the release and national distribution of two albums, a re-issue of Susquehanna and Skaboy JFK: The Skankin' Hits of the Cherry Poppin' Daddies, a compilation of the band's ska material.^[89] Perry explained that fans had been suggesting the concept of a ska collection for years, and that such an album might help show a different side of the Daddies than the "swing band" persona they're generally recognized for.^[88] Skaboy JFK was released in September 2009 to a largely positive critical reception, followed by further touring into 2010, taking the Daddies back across Europe and the United States, as well as appearing alongside Fishbone and The Black Seeds at the 11th Victoria Ska Fest in British Columbia, where the band played the first all-ska set of their career.^[90]

White Teeth, Black Thoughts and future (2010–present)

Shortly after the release of Skaboy JFK, Perry already began announcing plans for the Daddies' next studio album, revealing the band would be returning to swing music for their first all-swing album since Zoot Suit Riot.^[91][92] Initial production on the album, titled White Teeth, Black Thoughts, began in March 2011, though lasted infrequently throughout the year as the Daddies continued to carry out several more successful international tours, including two separate sold-out tours of Australia in 2011 and 2012.^[93][94] During this time, the band experienced a few major changes within their touring line-up after longtime keyboardist Dustin Lanker departed the group in 2012, prompting the Daddies to decide to continue touring without a live keyboardist. Several months later, trombonist Joe Freuen was added to the band, marking the first time the Daddies have ever included a full-time trombone player in their official line-up.

In mid-2012, Perry finally elaborated on the production status of the new album, revealing that the band had written enough material to release White Teeth, Black Thoughts as a double album, consisting of the main all-swing album and a bonus disc of "Americana"-influenced rock songs in styles including rockabilly, country, bluegrass and western swing, the latter disc featuring guest appearances from accordionist Buckwheat Zydeco on a zydeco song and former Captain Beefheart guitarist Zoot Horn Rollo on a psychobilly track.^[95][96] On June 20, 2012, the Daddies launched a PledgeMusic campaign to help finance the final stages of the album's production, successfully reaching its target on August 14 and continuing to collect pledges into the following year, ultimately raising 133% of its goal.^[96][97]

Preceded by the release of two singles and music videos for the songs "I Love American Music" and "The Babooch", White Teeth, Black Thoughts was released on July 16, 2013. Following the low-key DIY release and promotion of Susquehanna, the Daddies worked to heavily publicize White Teeth, Black Thoughts, receiving coverage by major news outlets including Billboard and USA Today, while the band later appeared on the Fox-owned KTTV program Good Day L.A. to perform "I Love American Music", their first major television appearance since the 1990s.^{[98][99][100]} Despite not experiencing any chart success, the album received generally positive critical reviews, and the Daddies carried out a brief fifteen-city tour of the United States during the summer.^[101]

In January 2014, it was announced that the Eugene Ballet Company had collaborated with the Daddies for production entitled Zoot Suit Riot, a dance show set to the music of and featuring live accompaniment from the band, featuring choreographed dance routines set to thirteen of the Daddies' songs, ranging from their biggest swing hits to their lesser-known rock, pop and psychedelic songs. Zoot Suit Riot played at Eugene's Hult Center for the Performing Arts on April 12 and 13, 2014.^[102]

During the initial writing and recording period of White Teeth, Black Thoughts, the Daddies began playing select shows billed as "The Cherry Poppin' Daddies Salute the Music of the Rat Pack", playing an equal mix of the band's own swing songs as well as covers of songs popularized by the "Rat Pack" of Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin and Sammy Davis, Jr..^[103] In a July 2013 interview with Billboard magazine, Perry revealed that the band had simultaneously recorded a tribute album featuring these songs and would be releasing it the following year.^[98] Please Return the Evening — the Cherry Poppin' Daddies Salute the Music of the Rat Pack! was released on July 29, 2014, promoted by a music video for the album's cover of the Sinatra staples "Come Fly with Me" and "Fly Me to the Moon".^[104][105]

In a September 2014 interview with The Huffington Post, Perry revealed ongoing plans for the next Daddies album, saying "My plan is to do a psychobilly/Zappa/American Idiot/R. Crumb type record that paints a picture of the American socio political scene circa 2014",^[105] while in a later radio interview he additionally mentioned that he had recently obtained the rights to Zoot Suit Riot from Jive Records and was considering releasing a remixed and remastered edition, expressing a desire to revisit the original recordings with contemporary production values.^[106][107]

Musical style and lyricism

While the Daddies are generally labeled as swing and/or ska, critics have conceived terms such as "punk swing",^[108] "power swing"^[29] and "big band punk rock"^[109] to describe the band's unique interpretation, mixing "the propulsion of swing beats and rabbit-punch bursts of brass with grimy rebel-rock guitars to give the jumpin' jive sound a much-needed facelift".^[110] The Pacific Northwest Inlander wrote of this style, "atop the swing of the band's jazz you can hear strains of Parliament-Funkadelic, crumbs of barrelhouse rhythm and blues, snippets of ska, and huge whiffs of in-your-face punk rock", likening the Daddies to "Cab Calloway-meets-Johnny Rotten, or the Duke Ellington Orchestra pumped up on steroids and caffeine".^[7]

	Rapid City Muscle Car (1994) Samples of five songs from Rapid City Muscle Car, illustrating the eclectic mix of genres typical of most Daddies albums, here showcasing ska punk, funk rock, country, hard rock and big band swing.
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The Daddies themselves used to facetiously classify their music as "swing-core",^[111] exemplified by the fast tempos and frequent use of guitar distortion in their swing material, as well as "third wave swing", owing to their prominent ska influence.^{[6][55][112][113]} In recent years, however, Perry has described the Daddies as simply "a rock band with horns", comparing their style of musical eclecticism with that of Fishbone, Mink DeVille and Oingo Boingo.^[22][114] He has listed further influence from The Specials and Roxy Music, as well as from Fletcher Henderson, Jimmie Lunceford and Duke Ellington on his composing and arrangements.^{[8][40][115][116]}

Alongside the constants of swing, ska, and on earlier recordings, funk, each of the Daddies' studio albums feature a collective assortment of varied and often diametrically opposed genres of music. Some of the musical styles the band has experimented with include blues,^[7] country,^[8] disco,^[117] Dixieland,^[58] flamenco,^[84] folk,^[69] glam rock,^[68] hardcore punk,^[118] jump blues,^[119] lounge,^[29] psychedelic pop,^[119] rhythm and blues,^[68] reggae,^[84] rockabilly,^[70] soca,^[86] soul,^[68] western swing^[120] and zydeco.^[121] As opposed to playing fusions, the Daddies perform each genre separately, contrasting one style against another so that the album's musical texture may continually change.^[122] Perry has explained that the group's "detournement" of using vastly different genres is both a means for band experimentation and evolution beyond their typically swing and ska-oriented live shows, as well as an artistic choice, lending each song a distinctive musical personality and using certain genres to effectively fit – or ironically contradict – the tone of the lyrics.^{[10][60][123][124]}

Lyrical

As sole composer and lyricist, Steve Perry is credited as the creative force behind the Daddies.

Steve Perry is the Daddies' sole lyricist, and writes the majority of his songs in a fictional narrative format he credits as being influenced by Randy Newman, Ray Davies and Jarvis Cocker, often told about or through the unreliable perspective of downtrodden characters struggling against adversity.^{[1][7][19][125]} Recurring themes in the Daddies' lyrics include sex, death, alcoholism, family dysfunction, loneliness and alienation, often utilizing satire.^[19][20][37] Perry has also incorporated political themes into his music, most overtly on the Daddies' 2013 album White Teeth, Black Thoughts, which addressed issues relating to the 2008 financial crisis through a variety of American character perspectives.^[99][126] The Register-Guard has described Perry's lyrics as "ribald [and] often despairing", "[probing] the underbelly of society, stabbing at oppressors such as...the pressure to conform",^[2] while The New York Times has lauded them as "vivid poetry" containing "an inventiveness missing from the other swing bands' lyrics".^[127]

The Daddies have often been criticized for their seeming juxtaposition of lurid subject matter and profanity with jazz and swing music,^[128][129] though Perry has boldly defended the band's predilection towards "darker" lyricism and visuals, calling to attention his interest in the era's film noir and avant-garde artistic movements.^[130] A prominent example of this includes the two music videos for the Daddies' hit single "Zoot Suit Riot", which – in addition to being written about the 1943 race riots – both featured pervasive surrealist imagery inspired by the films of Luis Buñuel, specifically his 1929 short Un Chien Andalou.^[130][131] "We wanted to be darker, weirder and stranger", Perry stated in a 2012 interview, "and unfortunately, with other [swing] bands it was 'Back then everyone dressed nice and was nice'. That's not true. You don't know anything about that era at all".^[130]

Most of the Daddies' studio albums are written to varying extents as concept albums, featuring either recurring lyrical themes or an abstract progressive narrative. According to Perry, this lyrical interconnectedness is intended as means of providing an album with threads of thematic stability against wildly varying musical styles.^[10][132]

Reception, criticism and influence

In their native Oregon, the Daddies have been called "a Northwest institution",^[133] having been inducted into the Oregon Music Hall of Fame in 2009.^[134] The Register-Guard has credited the band with shaping Eugene's alternative musical culture in the 1990s, dubbing the scene "the house that the Daddies built",^[135] while Eugene Weekly added likewise, "when some people think of the Northwest music scene, they think of grunge. If you’re a Eugenean, however, you might think of swing, thanks to [the] Cherry Poppin' Daddies".^[136] Seattle's The Rocket commented on the band's influence in 1997, stating "[t]he Daddies were busting out the swing before the Squirrel Nut Zippers, stirring cocktails before Combustible Edison and skating the ska before Sublime...the band shakes out an incredible variety of sounds with peerless verve and polish."^[1]

In addition to the controversies surrounding the early years of their career, the band has also drawn a fair amount of professional criticism in their home state. The Portland Mercury have been frequent detractors of the Daddies, deriding them as "at best, an edgeless recycle of a rather particular musical fashion movement; at worst, a self-conscious parody of the genre they purport to love",^[137] while the Willamette Week, in an article detailing the band's polarizing reception, described the negative consensus of the Daddies as "an annoying white-boy funk rock band who, seeing the opportunity, milked the swing revival for all it was worth".^[133] Jazz critic and author Scott Yanow vociferously criticized the band as the choice "whipping boy for the Retro Swing movement" in his 2000 book Swing!, writing them off as "a punk rock band who has chosen to masquerade as Swing, at least until a better fad comes along", spotlighting the Daddies' "mediocre" rhythm section and profane lyricism as a case for making them "a band to avoid".^[128]

The Daddies are more widely recognized, however, as one of the first bands to revive swing music in the musical mainstream, helping spearhead the swing revival of the late 1990s which paved the way for the larger successes of Big Bad Voodoo Daddy and the Brian Setzer Orchestra.^[3][48] Although the Daddies have been cited as an influence on ska punk bands the Mad Caddies and Spring Heeled Jack U.S.A.,^[138][139] SF Weekly claims the group has "never gotten the accolades it deserves" for their eclectic funk-ska repertoire.^[37] The Phoenix New Times expressed similar sentiments, listing the "woefully unsung" Daddies as among the bands that defined the Northwest's "alternative to alternative", "[delivering] rock with more complexity than three-chord guitar riffs and social critique without heavy-handed cynicism".^[29][34] In a 2008 retrospective feature posted on RollingStone.com‍ '​s The Capri Lounge, a blog run by the editors of Rolling Stone magazine, the Daddies were declared as "one of the most misunderstood bands of the nineties".^[140]

Discography

Studio albums

• Ferociously Stoned (1990)
• Rapid City Muscle Car (1994)
• Kids on the Street (1996)
• Soul Caddy (2000)
• Susquehanna (2008)
• White Teeth, Black Thoughts (2013)
• Please Return the Evening – the Cherry Poppin' Daddies Salute the Music of the Rat Pack (2014)

Compilations

• Zoot Suit Riot: The Swingin' Hits of the Cherry Poppin' Daddies (1997)
• Skaboy JFK: The Skankin' Hits of the Cherry Poppin' Daddies (2009)

Band members

Current members

• Steve Perry (MC Large Drink) – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (formation – present)
• Dan Schmid (Dang Oulette) – bass guitar (formation – 1996, 1998 – present)
• Dana Heitman – trumpet (formation – present)
• Willie Matheis – tenor saxophone (2010 – present)
• Joe Freuen – trombone (2012–present)
• Paul Owen – drums (2013–present)
• Andy Page – alto saxophone (2013 – present)
• Chris Ward – guitar (2014–present)

Former members

• Tim Arnold – drums (formation – 1990)
• James Gossard – guitar (formation – 1990)
• John Fohl – guitar (1990–1992)
• James Phillips – tenor saxophone (formation – 1992, 1996) (deceased, 1961 – 2011^[141])
• Brooks Brown – alto saxophone (formation – 1994)
• Adrian P. Baxter – tenor saxophone (1993–1996)
• Adam Glogauer – drums (1996)
• Sean Oldham – drums (1996)
• Jason Palmer – drums (1996) (2009 – studio recordings)
• Brian West – drums (1990–1996)
• Chris Azorr – keyboards (1990–1997)
• Rex Trimm – alto saxophone (1996–1997)
• Hans Wagner – drums (1996–1997)
• Darren Cassidy – bass (1996–1998)
• Johnny Goetchius – keyboards (1998–2000)
• Ian Early – alto saxophone (1997–2006)
• Tim Donahue – drums (1997–2008)
• Sean Flannery – tenor saxophone (1996–2008)
• Jesse Cloninger – tenor saxophone (2008–2010)
• Jason Moss – guitar (1992–2010)
• Dustin Lanker – keyboards, backing vocals (1997 – 1998, 2000 – 2012)
• Kevin Congleton – drums (2008–2013)
• Joe Manis – alto and baritone saxophones (2006–2013)
• William Seiji Marsh – guitar, backing vocals (2010–2014)

References

External links

• The Official Cherry Poppin' Daddies website
• Cherry Poppin' Daddies on Myspace
• Cherry Poppin' Daddies at Facebook
• Cherry Poppin' Daddies at AllMusic