Charles Sorley

Charles Hamilton Sorley in military uniform

Charles Hamilton Sorley (19 May 1895 – 13 October 1915) was a British poet of World War I.

Born in Aberdeen, Scotland, he was the son of William Ritchie Sorley. He was educated, like Siegfried Sassoon, at Marlborough College (1908–13). At Marlborough College Sorley's favourite pursuit was cross-country running in the rain, a theme evident in many of his pre-war poems, including "Rain" and "The Song of the Ungirt Runners". In keeping with his strict Protestant upbringing, Sorley had strong views on right and wrong, and on two occasions volunteered to be punished for breaking school rules.^[1]

Before taking up a scholarship to study at University College, Oxford, Sorley spent a little more than six months in Germany from January to July in 1914, three months of which were at Schwerin studying the language and local culture. Then he enrolled at the University of Jena, and studied there up to the outbreak of World War I.^[2]

After Britain declared war on Germany, Sorley was detained for an afternoon in Trier, but released on the same day and told to leave the country.^[3] He returned to England and volunteered for military service, joining the Suffolk Regiment. He arrived at the Western Front in France as a lieutenant in May 1915, and quickly rose to the rank of captain at the age of twenty. Sorley was killed in action near Hulluch,^[2][4] where he was shot in the head by a sniper at the Battle of Loos on 13 October 1915.^[3] Having no known grave at war's end, he is commemorated on the CWGC Loos Memorial.^[5]

Robert Graves, a contemporary of Sorley's, described him in his book Goodbye to All That as "one of the three poets of importance killed during the war". (The other two were Isaac Rosenberg and Wilfred Owen.) Sorley may be seen as a forerunner of Sassoon and Owen, and his unsentimental style stands in direct contrast to that of Rupert Brooke. Sorley's last poem was recovered from his kit after his death, and includes some of his most famous lines:

When you see millions of the mouthless dead

Across your dreams in pale battalions go

Sorley's sole work was published posthumously in January 1916 and immediately became a critical success, with six editions printed that year. The last two stanzas of his poem "Expectans expectavi" were set to music in 1919 by Charles Wood; this anthem for choir and organ quickly established itself in the standard repertoire of Anglican cathedrals and collegiate churches. Sorley is regarded by some, including the Poet Laureate John Masefield (1878–1967), as the greatest loss of all the poets killed during the war. On 11 November 1985, Sorley was among 16 Great War poets commemorated on a slate stone unveiled in Westminster Abbey's Poet's Corner. The inscription on the stone was written by Wilfred Owen. It reads: "My subject is War, and the pity of War. The Poetry is in the pity."^[4]

Works

• The Letters of Charles Sorley with a chapter of biography. Cambridge University Press. 1919. 
• Marlborough and Other Poems. Cambridge University Press, 1916.
• Wilson, Jean Moorcroft (Ed). The Collected Poems of Charles Hamilton Sorley. London: Cecil Woolf, 1985. ISBN 0-900821-53-1.

References

Further reading

• Baker, Mark (Autumn 1983). "Charles Sorley's Long Walk to Marlborough and the Making of Three Poems". The Hatcher Review 2 (16): 285–291. 

External links

• Works written by or about Charles Hamilton Sorley at Wikisource
• Selected Poetry of Charles Hamilton Sorley - Biography and 5 poems(All the Hills and Vales Along, Barbury Camp, Expectans Expectavi, The Song of the Ungirt Runners, To Germany, When You See Millions of the Mouthless Dead)
• Prose & Poetry - Charles Hamilton Sorley