Charles Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank

The Lord Guthrie of Craigiebank
Guthrie at a NATO defence ministers' Meeting
Born	(1938-11-17) 17 November 1938
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1959–2001
Rank	Field Marshal
Service number	461440
Unit	Welsh Guards
Commands held	Chief of the Defence Staff Chief of the General Staff British Army of the Rhine 1st British Corps 2nd Infantry Division 4th Armoured Brigade 1st Battalion, Welsh Guards
Battles/wars	Operation Banner Bosnian War Kosovo War
Awards	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order Officer of the Order of the British Empire Officer of the Legion of Merit (United States)

Field Marshal Charles Ronald Llewelyn Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank GCB, LVO, OBE, DL (born 17 November 1938) was Chief of the General Staff, the professional head of the British Army, between 1994 and 1997 and Chief of the Defence Staff between 1997 and 2001.

Guthrie's military career saw service with the Welsh Guards and the Special Air Service; he was closely involved in military operations in Northern Ireland and provided advice to the British Government during the Bosnian War and the Kosovo War.

Army career

Born into a Scottish landed family, Guthrie was the elder son of Ronald Guthrie and Nina Guthrie (née Llewelyn).^[1] He was educated at Harrow School and the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst,^[1]

Guthrie was commissioned into the Welsh Guards on 25 July 1959.^[2] He was promoted to Lieutenant on 1 June 1961^[3] and Captain on 25 July 1965.^[4] In 1966 he became a troop commander with 22 Special Air Service Regiment serving in Aden, the Persian Gulf, Malaysia and East Africa and then in 1968 he became a squadron commander with 22 Special Air Service Regiment serving in the Persian Gulf and the United Kingdom.^[5] He returned to the Welsh Guards in Münster in 1970 and, following his promotion to Major on 31 December 1970,^[6] he was given command a mechanised infantry company in the 1st Battalion.^[5] He became Military Assistant to the Chief of the General Staff in 1973 and, following a year as Second in Command of 1st Battalion Welsh Guards in London and Cyprus^[5] and having been promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel on 31 December 1975,^[7] he became Brigade Major for the Household Division in 1976.^[1] In the Jubilee Honours of 1977 he was appointed a Member (fourth class) of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO); on 31 December 1984 this rank was reclassified as Lieutenant (LVO).^[8]

He was appointed Commanding Officer of 1st Battalion Welsh Guards in 1977 in which role he was deployed to Berlin.^[1] Promoted to Colonel on 31 December 1979,^[9] he undertook a tour of duty in Northern Ireland in Spring 1980 for which he was appointed OBE.^[10] In 1980 he was also briefly Commander of British Forces in the New Hebrides.^[1] He then spent two years as Colonel on the General Staff for Military Operations at the Ministry of Defence.^[1] Promoted to Brigadier on 31 December 1981,^[11] he became Brigade Commander of 4th Armoured Brigade in 1982.^[1] In 1984 he was made Chief of Staff for 1st British Corps in Bielefeld.^[5] Following his appointment as General Officer Commanding North East District and Commander 2nd Infantry Division based in York on 18 January 1986,^[12] he was given the substantive rank of Major-General on 31 March 1986.^[13]

On 24 November 1987 Guthrie became Assistant Chief of the General Staff at the Ministry of Defence.^[14] On 2 October 1989 he was promoted to Lieutenant-General and appointed General Officer Commanding 1st British Corps,^[15] and, having been appointed KCB in the New Year Honours 1990,^[16] he relinquished his command on 2 December 1991.^[17]

He was appointed Commander of Northern Army Group and British Army of the Rhine on 7 January 1992^[18] and, following promotion to (full) General on 14 February 1992,^[19] became ADC to the Queen on 13 July 1993.^[20] He then became Chief of the General Staff (CGS) on 15 March 1994,^[21] being advanced to GCB in the Queen's Birthday Honours 1994.^[22] As CGS, he was responsible for providing strategic military advice to the British Government on the deployment of troops for the Bosnian War.^[23] He went on to be Chief of the Defence Staff on 2 April 1997,^[24] in which role he advised the British Government on the conduct of the Kosovo War,^[25] before retiring in 2001.^[1]

Guthrie was appointed Colonel Commandant of the Intelligence Corps on 1 March 1986,^[26] Colonel of the Life Guards and Gold Stick-in-Waiting to The Queen on 1 January 1999^[27] and Colonel Commandant of the SAS in 2000.^[1]

Later career

Guthrie, after retiring as Chief of the Defence Staff,^[1] was one of the several retired Chiefs of Defence Staff who spoke out in the House of Lords about the risk to servicemen facing liability for their actions before the International Criminal Court, particularly in respect to the invasion of Iraq.^[28] He was created a Life Peer,^[29] as Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank, of Craigiebank in the City of Dundee, in June 2001, and sits as a crossbencher in the House of Lords.^[30] However, Guthrie has been criticised by George Monbiot for an alleged lack of understanding of international law. Monbiot based his argument on Guthrie's September 2002 statement for an invasion of Iraq and subsequent comments, in which he appeared to support launching "surprise wars", something forbidden by the United Nations Charter.^[31] Guthrie also clashed with Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown in 2008 over military funding.^[32]

In 2007 Guthrie co-authored a book on Ethics in Modern Warfare with Michael Quinlan, former Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of Defence.^[33][34]

Guthrie was promoted to the honorary rank of Field Marshal in June 2012.^[35][36] Guthrie represented HRH The Prince of Wales at the Cenotaph on Remembrance Sunday 2012 where he was photographed wearing the epaulettes of a field marshal and carrying his field marshal's baton.^[37]

Guthrie is a non-executive director of N M Rothschild & Sons, Gulf Keystone Petroleum, Ashley Gardens Block 2 Ltd, Colt Defense LLC, Sciens Capital and Petropavlovsk PLC and non-executive chairman of Siboney Ltd.^[38] He is also a member of the Top Level Group of UK Parliamentarians for Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament and Non-proliferation, established in October 2009.^[39]

Guthrie is President of several charities, including Action Medical Research, the Army Benevolent Fund, Soldier On!,^[40] the Federation of London Youth Clubs and the Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Association.^[38] He is a Deputy Lieutenant for Dorset.^[1]

A Roman Catholic convert,^[41] he became a Knight of Malta^[42] and is a Patron of the Catholic homeless charities Cardinal Hume Centre^[43] and Caritas Anchor House.^[44] He became Chancellor of Liverpool Hope University in July 2013.^[45]

In August 2014, Lord Guthrie was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.^[46]

His interests include tennis, opera and travel.^[1]

Family

Guthrie descends from an ancient Scottish landowning family: his kinsman is David Guthrie, 7th of Craigie. He married, on 11 Sep 1971, Catherine, daughter of Lieutenant Colonel Claude Worrall, MVO, OBE, Coldstream Guards; they have two sons.^[1][29]

Arms

Lord Guthrie matriculated his family armorial bearings at the Lyon Office in 1999 (and was granted supporters for life).

Arms of Charles Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank

Crest A Demi-lion Gules, armed and langued Azure, holding in its dexter Paw a Cross-Crosslet fitchée Azure. Escutcheon 1st and 4th, Argent, a Cross Sable; 2nd and 3rd, Argent, three Garbs Or, banded Gules, all within a bordure wavy Gules, charged with three Pheons Or. Supporters Dexter: a Lion Gules, armed and langued Azure, charged on the shoulder with a Pheon Or. Sinister: a Griffin Gules, winged, beaked, legged and armed Azure, charged on the shoulder with a Pheon Or. Motto Nec Timidus Nec Tumidus (Neither timid nor rash)

Honours

Guthrie's honours and decorations include:

	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)	1994[22]
	Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB)	1990[16]
	Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO)	1977[8]
	Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)	1980[10]
	Badge of Honour, New Hebrides	1980[47]
	Officer of the Legion of Merit	(United States)[48]

References

External links

• Parliamentary Biography
• Debrett's People of Today

Military offices
Preceded by Peter Inge	General Officer Commanding the 2nd Infantry Division 1985–1987	Succeeded by Murray Naylor
Preceded by John MacMillan	Assistant Chief of the General Staff 1987–1989	Succeeded by Richard Swinburn
Preceded by Sir Peter Inge	GOC 1st (British) Corps 1989–1991	Succeeded by Sir Jeremy Mackenzie
Preceded by Sir Peter Inge	Commander-in-Chief of the British Army of the Rhine 1992–1994	Succeeded by None
Preceded by Sir Peter Inge	Chief of the General Staff 1994–1997	Succeeded by Sir Roger Wheeler
Preceded by Sir Peter Inge	Chief of the Defence Staff 1997–2001	Succeeded by Sir Michael Boyce

Chiefs of the Defence Staff Sir William Dickson Earl Mountbatten of Burma Sir Richard Hull Sir Charles Elworthy Sir Peter Hill-Norton Sir Michael Carver Sir Andrew Humphrey Sir Edward Ashmore Sir Neil Cameron Sir Terence Lewin Sir Edwin Bramall Sir John Fieldhouse Sir David Craig Sir Richard Vincent Sir Peter Harding Sir Peter Inge Sir Charles Guthrie Sir Michael Boyce Sir Michael Walker Sir Jock Stirrup Sir David Richards Sir Nick Houghton

Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces and Chiefs of the General Staff of the British Army Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces Duke of Albemarle Duke of Monmouth Earl of Marlborough Duke of Leinster Duke of Marlborough Duke of Ormonde Earl of Stair George Wade Duke of Cumberland Viscount Ligionier Marquess of Granby Lord Amherst Henry Conway Lord Amherst Duke of York Sir David Dundas Duke of York Duke of Wellington Viscount Hill Duke of Wellington Viscount Hardinge Duke of Cambridge Viscount Wolseley Earl Roberts Chief of the General Staff Sir Neville Lyttelton Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff Sir William Nicholson Sir John French Sir Charles Douglas Sir James Murray Sir Archibald Murray Sir William Robertson Sir Henry Wilson The Earl of Cavan Sir George Milne Sir Archibald Montgomery-Massingberd Sir Cyril Deverell The Viscount Gort Sir Edmund Ironside Sir John Dill Sir Alan Brooke The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein Sir William Slim Sir John Harding Sir Gerald Templer Sir Francis Festing Sir Richard Hull Chiefs of the General Staff Sir Richard Hull Sir James Cassels Sir Geoffrey Baker Sir Michael Carver Sir Peter Hunt Sir Roland Gibbs Sir Edwin Bramall Sir John Stanier Sir Nigel Bagnall Sir John Chapple Sir Peter Inge Sir Charles Guthrie Sir Roger Wheeler Sir Michael Walker Sir Mike Jackson Sir Richard Dannatt Sir David Richards Sir Peter Wall Sir Nick Carter