Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument

Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument
Soda Mountain
Location	Jackson County, Oregon, United States
Nearest city	Medford
Coordinates	42°04′40″N 122°27′40″W / 42.07778°N 122.46111°W / 42.07778; -122.46111Coordinates: 42°04′40″N 122°27′40″W / 42.07778°N 122.46111°W / 42.07778; -122.46111
Area	86,774 acres (35,116 ha)[1]
Established	June 9, 2000 (2000-06-09)[2]
Governing body	Bureau of Land Management
http://www.blm.gov/or/districts/medford/plans/csnm.php

The Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument is a national monument that protects 86,774 acres (35,116 ha)^[1] of forest and grasslands at the junction of the Cascade Range and the Siskiyou Mountains in southwestern Oregon, United States. The monument is managed by the Bureau of Land Management as part of the National Landscape Conservation System and was established in a presidential proclamation by President Bill Clinton on June 9, 2000.

History

Native Americans are known from archaeological excavations to have inhabited the region for thousands of years. Nearly 100 dwelling and root-gathering sites belonging to the Modoc, Klamath, and Shasta tribes have been uncovered to date. By the 1880s, they had been completely replaced by white settlers, whose mining cabins still dot the region.^[3][4]

Natural features in the monument include Pilot Rock, which is a volcanic neck or interior of an extinct volcano, similarly formed as Devils Tower in Wyoming, and the Soda Mountain Wilderness.

The Pacific Crest Trail runs through the monument area. There is a fire lookout tower on the top of Soda Mountain built in 1962 to replace the original 1933 structure. Although the top of the mountain is also the site of dozens of television and radio broadcast and relay dishes, the view from the fire lookout of the surrounding mountains is unobstructed. From the lookout, one can see Mount Shasta, Mount Ashland, Mount McLoughlin, and on clear days, the rim of Crater Lake.^[5]

The Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument land use plan has been the source of local and national controversy over multi-use planning for wilderness and roadless areas.^[6] The plan currently strives for a balance between managing rare natural habitat, recreational activities, and agricultural activities including cattle grazing and timber.

Numerous private land inholdings remain within the boundaries of the Monument. The Southern Oregon Land Conservancy holds a conservation easement on a 1,312 acre private property near Siskiyou Summit.

Flora and fauna

Blue elderberry in the monument

The Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument is the first U.S. National monument set aside solely for the preservation of biodiversity.^[2] It has one of the most diverse ecosystems found in the Cascade Range. 200 species of birds are known to exist in the monument including some threatened and endangered species such as the great grey owl and peregrine falcon.^[3] Amphibians found in the National Monument include the rough-skinned newt.

Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument is noted for its significant botanical diversity. The range of elevations and diversity of habitat types provides for a spectacular flora that includes many endemics to the immediate Siskiyou crest area, such as Green's mariposa lily (Calochortus greenei). The federally endangered Gentner's fritillary (Fritillaria gentneri) is known to occur in the monument.

See also

• List of National Monuments of the United States

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument.

• Official site - Bureau of Land Management
• American Presidency Project - Proclamation establishing the Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument
• Cascade–Siskiyou National Monument - Conservation System Alliance (archived)
• Jenny Creek Private Lands Coalition - Private property rights advocates
• Soda Mountain Wilderness Campaign - Oregon Wild
• Wilderness.org site
• NCCSP Land management