Carolinum, Zürich
| Carolinum | |
|---|---|
 Carolinum and Grossmünster as seen from Grossmünsterplatz respectively Zwinglinplatz in Zürich | |
| Former names | Prophezey; Schola Tigurina; Töchterschule; Ehemalige Mädchenschule am Grossmünster |
| Alternative names | Theologisches Seminar |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Romanesque Revival |
| Location | Zürich, Switzerland |
| Address | Kirchgasse 9, CH-8001 Zürich |
| Coordinates | 47°22′12″N 8°32′39.12″E / 47.37000°N 8.5442000°E |
| Construction started | 1843 |
| Completed | 1849 |
| Owner | City of Zürich |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 3 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect | Gustav Albert Wegmann |
The Carolinum Zürich (sometimes Prophezei or Prophezey) is the predecessor educational institution of the as of today Theological faculty of the University of Zürich. As building, it is part of the former cloister of the Grossmünster Chorherrenstift in Zürich, Switzerland.
Geography
The building of the faculty is located at Kirchgasse 9 at the Grossmünsterplatz square – attached to the Grossmünster church on its eastern side – in the southeast of the Neumarkt respectively northwesternly of the Münsterhof squares in Zürich.
History
Thus the University of Zürich was not before 1833 AD established, institutionalized academic education in Zürich dates back to the medieval collegiate and city schools. In the late European Middle Ages, a Carolinum assoiciated to the Grossmünster priory and its canons was mentioned. On occasion of the Reformation in Zürich it even became an important rule for the training of prospective Protestant theologians. As other educational institutions, it is named after Charlemagne (Carol or Swiss-German Karl). The as of today University of Zürich bases on the Carolinum and uses its former logo, the as of today Grossmünster church. The university claims to be established in the tradition of the canons of the Carolinum's institutions.[1]
Namely Huldrich Zwingli initiated to form the former Latin school Prophezey or Prophezei (literally Prophecy) into a training center for reformed theologians, by a Zürich city's council mandate on 29 September 1523 AD; lesson started on 19 Juni 1525. The weekday lectures (Lezgen or Lectiones, literally: lessons) were free of charge for the interested people in urban and rural areas of the city republic Zürich, by well-learned men. Heinrich Bullinger's Schola Tigurina may have influenced the education in many other institutions beginning in 1559.[2] Bullinger's Schola Tigurina merged in the 18th century to the theological faculty and the upper secondary school in the then Carolinum been. The financing of the chairs respectively professorships was depending on the benefices of the secularized canons of the former Grossmünster priory. In addition to theological subjects and Classical languages, in 1541 the natural history department (Conrad Gessner) and in 1731 a political science chair (Johann Jakob Bodmer) was created, and in 1782 the surgical institute to train medical doctors.[3]
After the abolition of the Chorherrenstift congregation in 1832, the building was sold to the Canton of Zürich. In 1849 the structures were widely demolished and replaced by Gustav Albert Wegmann's building. The Grossmünsterplatz schoolhouse of the girls' gymnasium (Töchterschule, as of today Kantonsschule Hohe Promenade), an urban high school for girls; it was established in 1875 and located in the building until 1976, when the Theological faculty of the University of Zürich moved in.[4]
Notable personalities
- Johann Jakob Bodmer, faculty
- Heinrich Bullinger, faculty
- Conrad Gessner, faculty
Architecture and Heritage site of national significance
Cloister and Carolinum
The cloister of the former Chorherrenstift Grossmünster, the chapter of Augustinian canons, dates from the late 12th century AD and was part of the canons (Chorherrenstift) which was repealed in 1832, and gave place to the girls' school. The cloister was dismantled and integrated into the new building those reconstruction was based on the original elements of the architecture, but includes numerous interpretations by the architect.[5] The cloister is also home to a permanent exhibition on Zwingli and other important people in the Reformation era.[6]
The cloister was renewed in 2009, its sandstone elements were cleaned, and the interior garden redesigned in corporation with the ProSpecieRara foundation. The compilation of the cultural and historical ornamental plants is inspired by the natural scientist and polymath Conrad Gessner who found his final resting place in the cloister.[5] Gessner dealt inter alia with the elements of teaching, therefore the renewed courtyard garden is dedicated to the thema earth, fire, water and air, cultural-historical ornamental plants in the four beds,[6] analogous to the Gessner-Garten in the Old Botananical Garden.
Architecture
After the abolition of the Chorherrenstift congregation in 1832, and to 1849 the structures were widely demolished and replaced by Wegmann's building in the Romanesque Revival style.[4] The as of today faculty building was built according to the drafts Gustav Albert Wegmann from 1843 to 1849. The cloister was dismantled during the demolition, supplemented with many new parts and integrated into the new building in 1851. The Grossmünster church building is owned by the Canton of Zürich, and the annex building being the former cloister, however, is in the property of the city of Zürich. It is leased to the Theological faculty of the University of Zürich since 1976.[5]
Grossmünster and Carolinum (Ehemalige Mädchenschule am Grossmünster) are listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance as a Class A object.[7]
Literature
- Daniel Gutscher: Das Grossmünster in Zürich. Eine baugeschichtliche Monographie. Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte der Schweiz, Volume 5. Redaction by Catherine Courtiau, Stefan Biffiger, Gian-Willi Vonesch. Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte Stäfa, Bern 1983, ISBN 3-85717-017-4.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Theologisches Seminar (Grossmünster). |
- UZH Theologische Fakultät (German)
- Sebastian Brändli: Universität Zürich in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland, 28 January 2013.
References
- ↑ "UZH Theologische Fakultät: Vor der Universität" (in German). University of Zürich. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
- ↑ Emidio Campi (2008). "175 Jahre Universität Zürich und ihre Vorgeschichte" (in German). UZH. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
- ↑ Sebastian Brändli (2011-01-28). "Universität Zürich" (in German). HDS. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Kantonsschule Hohe Promenade" (in German). alt-zueri.ch. Retrieved 2014-11-16.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Kreuzgang Grossmünster – Oase der Besinnung" (in German). Hochbaudepartement Stadt Zürich. Retrieved 2014-11-16.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Sanierter Kreuzgang Grossmünster" (in German). Hochbaudepartement Stadt Zürich. 2009-10-29. Retrieved 2014-11-16.
- ↑ "A-Objekte KGS-Inventar" (in German). Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Amt für Bevölkerungsschutz. 2009. Retrieved 2014-11-15.