Carmovirus

Carmovirus
Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Family: Tombusviridae
Genus: Carmovirus
Type species
Carnation mottle virus
Species

19, including;
Ahlum waterborne virus
Angelonia flower break virus
Bean mild mosaic virus Calibrachoa mottle virus Carnation mottle virus
Honeysuckle ringspot virus
Melon necrotic spot virus
Pelargonium flower break virus
Turnip crinkle virus

Carmovirus is a genus of the family Tombusviridae. It is classified under the Baltimore classification system as a group IV virus, having a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome.[1]

Taxonomy

Proposed at 1987 ICTV meeting as an unassigned genus and assigned to Tombusviridae in 1993,[2] the ICTV recognises 19 species, as of the 2013 release.[1][3]

At the 1987 meeting the following were proposed as members: Carnation mottle virus, Turnip crinkle virus, Galinsoga mosaic virus, Glycine mottle virus, Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus, Pelargonium flower break virus, Saguaro cactus virus. Galinsoga mosaic virus and Glycine mottle virus are not currently members.

In addition the following were proposed as tentative members: Bean mild mosaic virus, Blackgram mottle virus, *Cowpea mottle virus, Elderberry latent virus, *Melon necrotic spot virus, Narcissus tip necrosis virus, Plantain 6 virus, Tephrosia symptomless virus. (Taxonomic proposal 30) Only those marked with an *asterisk have been accepted up to the 2013 release.

Virology

Replication occurs in the cytoplasm. The genome is 3800-4300 base pairs long, although the viron contains a longer copy. The viral cycle is complete when assembled viron particles are released during cell lysis.

The virus capsid is non-envoloped with icosahedral symmetry, made up of 32 capsomers. Each subunit consists of 180 proteins. The capsid diameter is around 30 nm. By weight, the viron is 80% protein and 20% nucleic acids.

Epidemiology

The virus’ natural host is species of Caryophyllaceae, responsible for carnation mottle, but it can infect a far larger range of plants. Symptoms are localised lesions where cell death has occurred. The virus spreads via arthropod vectors carrying infected sap. Although the disease is widespread in carnations, the symptoms are relatively mild and do not pose a major problem. In other plants however, such as the Calla lily, the disease is of more concern, as the plant is of significant economic importance to Taiwan.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Unknown author (2004). 00.074.0.02. Carmovirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), ICTVdB Management, Columbia University, New York, USA
  2. ↑ MINUTES OF THE 7th MEETING OF THE ICTV EDMONTON, CANADA, 12th AUGUST 1987
  3. ↑ ICTV Taxonomy History for Carmovirus

Bibliography

External links