Carmarthen by-election, 1924

The Carmarthen by-election, 1924 was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Carmarthen in West Wales held on 14 August 1924.

Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the sitting Liberal MP, Sir Ellis Ellis-Griffith. Ellis-Griffith was 64 years old and had first been elected an MP in 1895. Soon after being elected for Carmarthen at the 1923 general election he made it known to his local party that he would not be standing again at the next election.^[1] He had been in public life a long time and was one Liberal who had not supported the decision of the party to allow the minority Labour government to take office in January 1924.^[2] According to one source, local Liberal opinion in July 1924 favoured an immediate appeal to the electorate^[3] and Ellis-Griffith resigned from Parliament using the traditional device of applying for the Chiltern Hundreds at the end of that month.^[4]

Candidates

The Liberals selected Alfred Mond.^[1] Mond was an industrialist and financier of Jewish descent who would later become most well known for being the man behind the formation of ICI. Mond was aged 56 at this time and had been Liberal MP for a number of other constituencies, most recently for Swansea West.^[5]
The Conservatives chose Sir Arthur Stephens,^[6] a Welsh speaker and employer of labour in the constituency^[7] who had been the Tory candidate at the last general election.
Labour selected the Reverend E T Owen.^[6]

Campaign

The main local issue in the by-election was the importance of agriculture, given the largely rural nature of the constituency.^[7] However an interesting question was how far would the fact that Sir Arthur Stephens and the Reverend Owen were both Welsh speakers, whereas Mond was not, affect the attitude of the electors and how far, if at all, this matter would resonate with Welsh national feeling in the area.^[8]^[9] On UK wide issues, the main battleground was the fight between socialist and anti-socialist feeling. Mond took up the anti-socialist crusade with vigour and had Lloyd George come to Carmarthen to support him on this, against the background of the record and statements of the Labour government and Labour ministers.^[10]

Result

The result was a hold for the Liberal Party with Mond obtaining a slightly increased majority of 4,409 votes, although their share of the poll was marginally reduced. This time it was Labour that secured second place, with Stephens coming third.^[11]

Alfred Mond

Carmarthen by-election, 1924:^[11] Electorate
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Rt Hon. Alfred Mond	12, 760	44.0
	Labour	Rev Edward Teilo Owen	8,351	28.8
	Conservative	Sir Arthur Stephens	7,896	27.2
Majority			4,409	15.2
Turnout				78.9
	Liberal hold		Swing

This must have been a disappointment to the Tories who were said to have fought the election hard. Labour could probably take the most comfort from the result, given the difficult time the minority Labour government was experiencing at Westminster.^[12]

Aftermath

At the next general election Owen faced a straight fight with Mond, the Conservatives having fled the field ceding to Mond (later to defect to the Conservatives) the anti-socialist banner.^[11]

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 The Times, 30 June 1924 p16
↑ House of Commons Debates, 160, 621 (21 January 1924) http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1924/jan/21/debate-on-the-address#S5CV0169P0_19240121_HOC_294
↑ The Times, 19 July 1924 p12
↑ The Times, 25 July 1924 p7
↑ Who was Who, OUP online 2007
↑ 6.0 6.1 The Times, 17 July 1924 p14
↑ 7.0 7.1 The Times, 4 August 1924 p10
↑ The Times, 7 August 1924 p9
↑ The Times, 11 August 1924 p7
↑ The Times, 9 August 1924 p12
↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow 1949, p551
↑ Cook and Ramsden, By-elections in British politics; UCL Press, 1997 p56