Car Nicobar-class patrol vessel

Class overview
INS Car Nicobar (T69) (foreground) and INS Chetlat' (T70) (background)
Name:	Car Nicobar
Builders:	Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
Operators:	Indian Navy
Preceded by:	Bangaram class
Cost:	500 million (US$7.9 million)
In commission:	10
Planned:	10
Completed:	10
Active:	10
General characteristics
Type:	Fast Attack Craft
Displacement:	325 tons
Length:	48.9 m (160 ft)
Depth:	4 m
Propulsion:	3 water jet propulsion engines producing 11,238 hp
Speed:	35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph)+
Range:	2,000 mi (1,700 nmi; 3,200 km) at 12–14 knots (22–26 km/h; 14–16 mph)
Crew:	4 officers and 45 sailors^[1]
Sensors and processing systems:	Furuno navigation radar Surface search radars Sonar
Armament:	1 × CRN-91 30mm autocannon Igla SA-18 SAM 2 × 12.7mm HMGs ASW capability

The Car Nicobar class of high-speed offshore patrol vessels are built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) for the Indian Navy. The vessels are designed as a cost-effective platform for patrol, anti-piracy and rescue operations in India's Exclusive Economic Zone.

The class and its vessels are named for Indian islands. They are the first water jet propelled vessels of the Indian Navy.^[2]

Design

The Car Nicobar-class vessels were designed and built by GRSE. Production of the class was fast-tracked after the 2008 Mumbai attacks. The vessels feature improved habitability with fully air-conditioned modular accommodation, on board reverse osmosis plant for desalination, and a sewage treatment plant.^[2]^[3]

The vessels are each powered by three HamiltonJet HM811 water jets, coupled with MTU 16V 4000 M90 engines, delivering a combined 8160 KW of power. An aluminium super-structure reduces weight and is designed to reduce radar cross-section.

As patrol vessels, they are lightly armed. They carry various sensors, including the Furuno navigation radar and sonar. Armament on board includes a 30mm CRN-91 automatic cannon with an electronic day-night fire control system of Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) origin. The vessels also mount two 12.7mm heavy machine guns (HMG) and multiple medium machine guns, besides carrying shoulder-launched Igla surface-to-air missiles to combat aerial threats.

The first two vessels commissioned were initially restricted to speeds up to 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph) due to deficiency in the gearboxes, which was later rectified by KPCL. INS Kabra the eighth in the class has a top speed of more than 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph). The improved manoeuvrability and speed allows these vessels to have high-speed interdiction of fast-moving targets.^[4]

Vessels

Name	Pennant	Yard No.	Builder	Homeport	Launched	Commissioned	Status
INS Car Nicobar	T69	2057	GRSE	Chennai	23 November 2007	16 February 2009	Active
INS Chetlat	T70	2058	GRSE	Chennai	27 November 2007	16 February 2009	Active^[5]
INS Kora Divh^[6]	T71	2059	GRSE	Port Blair	16 July 2008	10 September 2009	Active
INS Cheriyam	T72	2060	GRSE	Karwar	16 July 2008	10 September 2009	Active^[7]
INS Cankarso	T73	2061	GRSE	Goa	27 March 2009	29 June 2010	Active^[8]
INS Kondul	T74	2062	GRSE	Goa	27 March 2009	29 June 2010	Active
INS Kalpeni	T75	2063	GRSE	Kochi	27 March 2009	14 October 2010	Active
INS Kabra	T76	2064	GRSE	Kochi	29 March 2010^[9]	8 June 2011^[10]	Active
INS Koswari	T77	2065	GRSE	Port Blair	29 March 2010	12 July 2011^[11]	Active
INS Karuva	T78	2066	GRSE	Karwar	29 March 2010	25 Aug 2011	Active^[12]

Operations

INS Car Nicobar and INS Chetlat are based in Chennai under India's Eastern Naval Command.^[13]

INS Cankarso and INS Kondul are based in Goa under the Western Naval Command.^[14]

INS Kalpeni is based in Kochi under the Southern Naval Command.^[15]

Operation Island Watch

In January 2011, as a part of Operation Island Watch, INS Cankarso and INS Kalpeni were deployed on anti-piracy patrol to the west of the Lakshadweep archipelago.^[14] On 28 January, Cankarso responded to a Mayday call from a container ship. Upon reaching the site, she saw Somali pirate skiffs being hoisted aboard a hijacked Thai fishing trawler, Prantalay 14, which was being used as a pirate mother ship.^[4]^[16]

INS Cankarso ordered the pirated ship to stop for inspection. The pirates on board fired on Cankarso as they tried to flee west towards Somalia. Cankarso returned the fire, which hit some of the fuel drums stored on Prantalay 14's deck for refuelling the skiffs. The mother ship was set ablaze and sank, even as Kalpeni and an Indian Coast Guard patrol vessel, ICGS Sankalp, reached the site. 15 pirates were arrested, and the 20 crew of the fishing trawler were all rescued unharmed.^[17]

In another operation on 13 March 2011, an Indian Navy patrol aircraft spotted the Mozambique-registered fishing vessel, Vega 5, when responding to a merchant ship reporting a pirate attack. Beira-based Vega 5, owned by Spanish company Pescamar Lda, had been captured on 27 December 2010 by pirates who were demanding USD 1.8 million in ransom.^[18] INS Kalpeni intercepted the pirated ship about 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) off Kochi on India's west coast. A fire broke out on the vessel when Kalpeni returned fired after being fired upon by the pirates. 61 pirates were rescued and arrested after they jumped into the Arabian Sea to escape the fire. The crew of Kalpeni put out the fire on board the Vega 5, rescued her 13 crew members and escorted her to Mumbai. Rocket-propelled grenades and over 80 assault rifles were recovered from the pirates.^[19]^[20]^[21]