Cabinet of Indonesia

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The cabinet of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is the council of ministers appointed by the president. Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945, although during the New Order most cabinets retained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation.

History of the Indonesian cabinet

The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature.[1]

During the War of Independence from 1945-1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries.[2]

On 27 December 1949, the Netherlands recognized the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia (RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the Provisional Constitution of 1950 stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members.[3]

On 5 July 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after and this system has continued to the present day. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers.

During the New Order under President Suharto, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the Reformasi era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained.[3]

List of Indonesian Cabinets

Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking.[4] The complete list of cabinets follows:[5][6]

Name of Cabinet Head of Cabinet Period of Office
Presidential Cabinet Sukarno 2 September 1945 – 23 November 1945
First Sjahrir Cabinet Sutan Sjahrir 23 November 1945 – 12 March 1946
Second Sjahrir Cabinet 12 March 1946 – 2 October 1946
Third Sjahrir Cabinet 2 October 1946 – 27 June 1947
First Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet Amir Sjarifuddin 3 July 1947 – 11 November 1947
Second Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet 11 November 1947 – 29 January 1948
First Hatta Cabinet Mohammad Hatta 29 January 1948 – 19 December 1949
Emergency Cabinet Sjafruddin Prawiranegara 22 December 1948 – 13 July 1949
First Hatta Cabinet Mohammad Hatta 13 July 1949 – 4 August 1949
Second Hatta Cabinet 4 August – 14 December 1949
RUSI Cabinet Mohammad Hatta 20 December 1949 – 7 September 1950
Susanto Cabinet Susanto Tirtoprodjo 27 December 1949 – 21 January 1950
Halim Cabinet Abdul Halim 21 January 1950 – 7 September 1950
Natsir Cabinet Muhammad Natsir 7 September 1950 – 27 April 1951
Sukiman Cabinet Sukiman Wirjosandjojo 27 April 1951 – 3 April 1952
Wilopo Cabinet Wilopo 3 April 1952 – 30 July 1953
First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet Ali Sastroamidjojo 30 July 1953 – 1 August 1955
Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet Burhanuddin Harahap 1 August 1955 – 24 March 1956
Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet Ali Sastroamidjojo 26 March 1956 – 9 April 1957
Djuanda Cabinet Djuanda Kartawidjaja 10 April 1957 – 10 July 1959
First Working Cabinet Sukarno 10 July 1959 – 18 February 1960
Second Working Cabinet 18 February 1960 – 8 March 1962
Third Working Cabinet 8 March 1962 – 23 November 1963
Fourth Working Cabinet 23 November 1963 – 2 September 1964
Dwikora Cabinet 2 September 1964 – 24 February 1966
Revised Dwikora Cabinet 24 February 1966 – 30 March 1966
Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet 30 March – 25 July 1966
Ampera Cabinet Sukarno (until March 1967, then Suharto) 28 July 1966 – 14 October 1967
Revised Ampera Cabinet Suharto 14 October 1967 – 10 June 1968
First Development Cabinet Suharto 10 June 1968 – 28 March 1973
Second Development Cabinet 28 March 1973 – 31 March 1978
Third Development Cabinet 31 March 1978 – 19 March 1983
Fourth Development Cabinet 19 March 1983 – 23 March 1988
Fifth Development Cabinet 23 March 1988 – 19 March 1993
Sixth Development Cabinet 19 March 1993 – 16 March 1998
Seventh Development Cabinet 16 March 1998 – 23 May 1998
Development Reform Cabinet Jusuf Habibie 23 May 1998 – 29 October 1999
National Unity Cabinet Abdurrahman Wahid 29 October 1999 – 9 August 2001
Mutual Assistance Cabinet Megawati Sukarnoputri 10 August 2001 – 20 October 2004
United Indonesia Cabinet Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 21 October 2004 – 22 October 2009
Second United Indonesia Cabinet Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 22 October 2009 – 20 October 2014
Working Cabinet Joko Widodo 27 October 2014 – present[7]
Source: Simanjuntak 2003

Current Cabinet

The present Indonesian cabinet is called the Working Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Kerja), which was sworn in on October 27, 2014. The cabinet consists of 34 ministers.[8]

PortfolioNamePhotoPartyMost recent occupation
Coordinating Ministers
Political, Legal and Security Affairs Tedjo Edhy Purdijatno NasDem Chief of Staff – Indonesian Navy 2008–2009
Economic Affairs Sofyan Djalil Minister of State-Owned Enterprises 2007–2009
Maritime Affairs Indroyono Susilo FAO executive
Human Development and Culture Puan Maharani PDI-P Politician, Chairman of PDI-P Fraction at the People's Representative Council 2009–2014
Ministers Leading Departments
Home Affairs Tjahjo Kumolo PDI-P Politician, Member of People's Representative Council 1987–2014
Foreign Affairs Retno Marsudi Ambassador of Indonesia to the Netherlands
Defense Ryamizard Ryacudu Chief of Staff – Indonesian Army 2002–2004
Law and Human Rights Yasonna H. Laoly PDI-P Politician, Member of People's Representative Council 2004–2009
Finance Bambang PS Brodjonegoro Deputy Minister of Finance
Energy and Mineral Resources Soedirman Said Chairman of PT Pindad
Industry Saleh Husin Hanura Politician, Member of People's Representative Council 2009–2014
Trade Rahmat Gobel Chairman of PT Gobel International
Agriculture Amran Sulaiman CEO of PT. Tiran Group
Forestry and the Environment Siti Nurbaya Bakar NasDem Secretary General of the Regional Representative Council 2006–2013
Transport Ignasius Jonan CEO of PT Kereta Api
Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Susi Pudjiastuti CEO of Susi Air
Manpower Hanif Dhakiri PKB Politician, Member of People's Representative Council 2009–2014
Public Works & Public Housing Basuki Hadimuljono Director General of Spatial Planning, Ministry of Public Works
Health Nila Moeloek Indonesian representative for Millennium Development Goals
Culture and Elementary & Secondary Education Anies Baswedan Rector of Paramadina University; Chairman of Gerakan Indonesia Mengajar Foundation
Land and Spatial Planning Ferry Mursyidan Baldan NasDem Member of People's Representative Council 2004–2009
Social Affairs Khofifah Indar Parawansa PKB Politician, Minister of Female Empowerment and Children Protection the National Unity Cabinet
Religious Affairs Lukman Hakim Saifuddin PPP Minister of Religious Affairs in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet
Communication and Information Rudiantara Independent Commissioner of Indosat
Research, Technology and Higher Education Muhammad Nasir Rector-elect of Diponegoro University; Professor of Behavioral & Management Accounting
Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises Anak Agung Gede Ngurah Puspayoga PDI-P Vice Governor of Bali 2008–2013
Female Empowerment and Child Protection Yohana Susana Yambise Professor of Linguistics at Cenderawasih University
Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Yuddy Chrisnandi Hanura Politician
Village, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration Marwan Ja'far PKB Politician
National Development Planning and Chairperson of the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) Andrinof A. Chaniago Professor of Public Policy at the University of Indonesia
State Enterprises Rini M. Soemarno Minister of Industry & Trade 2001–2004
Tourism Arief Yahya CEO of Telkom Indonesia
Youth and Sports Affairs Imam Nahrawi PKB Politician
Other officials
State Secretary Pratikno Rector, Professor of Political & Governmental Science of Gajah Mada University

See also

References

Notes

  1. ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) p1
  2. ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) p2
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 3-4
  4. ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) p66
  5. ↑ Simanjuntak (2003)
  6. ↑ Feith (2007)
  7. ↑ "Cabinet Announcement Still Elusive but State Palace Targets Monday Inauguration". http://thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/news/cabinet-announcement-still-elusive-state-palace-targets-monday-inauguration/'' (Jakarta Globe).
  8. ↑ "Jokowi's Cabinet announced, here is the lineup". The Jakarta Globe. 2014-10-26. Retrieved 2014-10-26.

External links