CPU socket

LGA 775, an LGA Socket
Socket A (also known as Socket 462)

A CPU socket or CPU slot is a mechanical component(s) that provides mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB). This allows the CPU to be placed and replaced without soldering.

Common sockets have retention clips that apply a constant force, which must be overcome when a device is inserted. For chips with a large number of pins, either zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets or land grid array (LGA) sockets are used instead. These designs apply a compression force once either a handle (for ZIF type) or a surface plate (LGA type) is put into place. This provides superior mechanical retention while avoiding the risk of bending pins when inserting the chip into the socket.

CPU sockets are used in desktop and server computers. As they allow easy swapping of components, they are also used for prototyping new circuits. Laptops typically use surface mount CPUs, which need less space than a socketed part.

Function

A CPU socket is made of plastic, a lever or latch, and metal contacts for each of the pins or lands on the CPU. Many packages are keyed to ensure the proper insertion of the CPU. CPUs with a PGA (pin grid array) package are inserted into the socket and the latch is closed. CPUs with an LGA package are inserted into the socket, the latch plate is flipped into position atop the CPU, and the lever is lowered and locked into place, pressing the CPU's contacts firmly against the socket's lands and ensuring a good connection, as well as increased mechanical stability.

List of 80x86 sockets and slots

Socket
name		 Year of introduction Year of End Of Life CPU families supported Computer type Package Pin count Pin pitch Bus speed Notes
DIP 1970s Still available Intel 8086
Intel 8088		 DIP 40 2.54mm 5/10 MHz
PLCC ? Still available Intel 80186
Intel 80286
Intel 80386		 PLCC 68, 132 1.27mm 6–40 MHz
Socket 1 1989 ? Intel 80486 PGA 169 2.54mm 16–50 MHz
Socket 2 ? ? Intel 80486 PGA 238 2.54mm 16–50 MHz
Socket 3 1991 ? Intel 80486 PGA 237 2.54mm 16–50 MHz
Socket 4 ? ? Intel Pentium PGA 273 ? 60–66 MHz
Socket 5 ? ? Intel Pentium
AMD K5
Cyrix 6x86
IDT WinChip C6
IDT WinChip 2		 PGA 320 ? 50–66 MHz
Socket 6 ? ? Intel 80486 PGA 235 ? ? Designed but not used
Socket 7 1994 ? Intel Pentium
Intel Pentium MMX
AMD K6		 PGA 321 ? 50–66 MHz It is possible to use Socket 7 processors in a Socket 5. An adapter is required, or if one is careful, a socket 7 can be pulled off its pins and put onto a socket 5 board, allowing the use of socket 7 processors.
Super Socket 7 1998 ? AMD K6-2
AMD K6-2+
AMD K6-III
AMD K6-III+
Rise mP6
Cyrix MII		 PGA 321 ? 66–100 MHz Backward compatible with Socket 5 and Socket 7 processors.
Socket 8 1995 ? Intel Pentium Pro PGA 387 ? 60–66 MHz
Slot 1 1997 ? Intel Pentium II

Intel Pentium III		 Slot 242 ? 66–133 MHz Celeron (Covington, Mendocino)
Pentium II (Klamath, Deschutes)
Pentium III (Katmai)- all versions
Pentium III (coppermine)
Slot 2 1998 ? Intel Pentium II Xeon Slot 330 ? 100–133 MHz
Socket 463/
Socket NexGen		 ? ? NexGen Nx586 PGA 463 ? 37.5–66MHz
Socket 587 ? ? Alpha 21164A Slot 587 ? ?
Slot A 1999 ? AMD Athlon Slot 242 ? 100 MHz
Slot B ? ? Alpha 21264 Slot 587 ? ?
Socket 370 1999 ? Intel Pentium III
Intel Celeron
VIA Cyrix III
VIA C3		 PGA 370 1.27mm[1] 66–133 MHz
Socket 462/
Socket A		 2000 ? AMD Athlon
AMD Duron
AMD Athlon XP
AMD Athlon XP-M
AMD Athlon MP
AMD Sempron		 Desktop PGA 462 ? 100–200 MHz This is a double data rate bus having a 400 MT/s

(megatransfers/second) FSB in the later models
Socket 423 2000 ? Intel Pentium 4 PGA 423 1mm[2] 400 MT/s (100 MHz) Willamette core only
Socket 478/
Socket N		 2000 ~2007 Intel Pentium 4
Intel Celeron
Intel Pentium 4 EE
Intel Pentium 4 M		 PGA 478 1.27mm[3] 400–800 MT/s (100–200 MHz)
Socket 495 2000 ? Intel Celeron

Intel Pentium III

 PGA 495 1.27mm[4] 66–133MHz
PAC418 2001 ? Intel Itanium PGA 418 ? 133 MHz
Socket 603 2001 ? Intel Xeon PGA 603 1.27mm[5] 400–533 MT/s (100–133 MHz)
PAC611 2002 ? Intel Itanium 2
HP PA-8800, PA-8900		 PGA 611 ? ?
Socket S1 2002 ? Intel Xeon PGA 604 1.27mm[5] 400–1066 MT/s (100–266 MHz)
Socket 754 2003 ? AMD Athlon 64
AMD Sempron
AMD Turion 64		 PGA 754 1.27mm[6] 200–800 MHz
Socket 940 2003 ? AMD Opteron Athlon 64 FX PGA 940 1.27mm[7] 200–1000 MHz
Socket 479 2003 ? Intel Pentium M
Intel Celeron M		 PGA 479[8] ? 400–533 MT/s (100–133 MHz)
Socket 939 2004 11/2008 AMD Athlon 64
AMD Athlon 64 FX
AMD Athlon 64 X2
AMD Opteron		 Desktop PGA 939 1.27mm[7] 200–1000 MHz Support of Athlon 64 FX to 1 GHz
Support of Opteron limited to 100-series only
LGA 775/
Socket T		 2004 ? Intel Pentium 4
Intel Pentium D
Intel Celeron
Intel Celeron D
Intel Pentium XE
Intel Core 2 Duo
Intel Core 2 Quad
Intel Xeon		 Desktop LGA 775 1.09mm x 1.17mm[9] 1600 MHz Can accept LGA 771 CPU with slight modification and use of an adapter
Socket 563 ? ? AMD Athlon XP-M PGA 563 ? ?
Socket M 2006 ? Intel Core Solo
Intel Core Duo
Intel Dual-Core Xeon
Intel Core 2 Duo		 Notebook PGA 478 ? 533–667 MT/s (133–166 MHz) Replaces Socket 479
LGA 771/
Socket J		 2006 ? Intel Xeon Server LGA 771 1.09mm x 1.17mm[10] 1600 MHz See LGA 775/Socket T above
Socket S1 2006 ? AMD Turion 64 X2 PGA 638 1.27mm[11] 200–800 MHz
Socket AM2 2006 ? AMD Athlon 64
AMD Athlon 64 X2		 PGA 940 1.27mm[7] 200–1000 MHz Replaces Socket 754 and Socket 939
Socket F/

Socket L (Socket 1207FX)

 2006 ? AMD Athlon 64 FX
AMD Opteron

(Socket L only support Athlon 64 FX)

 Server

Desktop

 LGA 1207 1.1mm[12] ?

Socket L: 1000 MHz in Single CPU mode, 2000 MHz in Dual CPU mode

 Replaces Socket 940

Socket L was intended for enthusiasts who wanted server power in a desktop PC. It is just a re-branded Socket F that doesn't need special RAM, and may have only been used in the Asus L1N64-SLI WS Motherboard.

Socket AM2+ 2007 ? AMD Athlon 64
AMD Athlon X2
AMD Phenom
AMD Phenom II		 PGA 940 1.27mm[7] 200–2600 MHz Separated power planes
Replaces Socket AM2
AM2+ Pkg. CPUs can work in Socket AM2
AM2 Pkg. CPUs can work in Socket AM2+
Socket P 2007 ? Intel Core 2 Notebook PGA 478 533–1066 MT/s (133–266 MHz) Replaces Socket M
Socket 441 2008 ? Intel Atom Sub-notebook PGA 441 ? 400–667 MHz
LGA 1366/
Socket B		 2008 ? Intel Core i7 (900 series)
Intel Xeon (35xx, 36xx, 55xx, 56xx series)		 Server LGA 1366 4.8–6.4 GT/s Replaces Socket J (LGA 771) in the entry level.
rPGA 988A/
Socket G1		 2008 ? Intel Core i7 (600, 700, 800, 900 series)
Intel Core i5 (400, 500 series)
Intel Core i3 (300 series)
Intel Pentium (P6000 series)
Intel Celeron (P4000 series)		 Notebook rPGA 988 1mm 2.5GT/s, 4.8GT/s
Socket AM3 2009 ? AMD Phenom II
AMD Athlon II
AMD Sempron		 PGA 941[13] or 940[14] 1.27mm[7] 200–3200 MHz Separated power planes
Replaces Socket AM2+
AM3 Pkg. CPUs can work in Socket AM2/AM2+
Sempron 140 Only
LGA 1156/
Socket H		 2009 2012 Intel Core i7 (800 series)
Intel Core i5 (700, 600 series)
Intel Core i3 (500 series)
Intel Xeon (X3400, L3400 series)
Intel Pentium (G6000 series)
Intel Celeron (G1000 series)		 Desktop LGA 1156 ? 2.5 GT/s DMI bus is a (perhaps modified) PCIe x4 v1.1 interface
Socket G34 2010 ? AMD Opteron (6000 series) LGA 1974 ? 200–3200 MHz Replaces Socket F
Socket C32 2010 ? AMD Opteron (4000 series) LGA 1207 ? 200–3200 MHz Replaces Socket F, Socket AM3
LGA 1248 2010 ? Intel Intel Itanium 9300-series Server LGA 1248 ? 4.8 GT/s
LGA 1567 2010 ? Intel Intel Xeon 6500/7500-series Server LGA 1567 ? 4.8–6.4 GT/s
LGA 1155/
Socket H2		 2011/Q1
2011.01.09		 ? Intel Sandy Bridge
Intel Ivy Bridge		 Desktop LGA 1155 ? 5.7, GT/s Sandy Bridge supports 20 PCIe 2.0 lanes.
Ivy Bridge supports 40 PCIe 3.0 lanes.
Intel Mainstream Socket.
LGA 2011/
Socket R		 2011/Q3
(2011.11.14)		 ? Intel Core i7 3xxx Sandy Bridge-E
Intel Core i7 4xxx Ivy Bridge-E
Intel Xeon E5 2xxx/4xxx [Sandy Bridge EP] (2/4S)
Intel Xeon E5-2xxx/4xxx v2 [Ivy Bridge EP] (2/4S)		 Desktop
Server		 LGA 2011 ? 4.8–6.4 GT/s Sandy Bridge-E/EP and Ivy Bridge-E/EP both support 40 PCIe 3.0 lanes.
Using the Xeon focused 2011 socket gives also 4 memory Channels.
rPGA 988B/
Socket G2		 2011 ? Intel Core i7 (2000, 3000 series)
Intel Core i5 (2000, 3000 series)
Intel Core i3 (2000, 3000 series) 		Notebook rPGA 988 1mm 2.5GT/s, 4.8GT/s
Socket FM1 2011 ? AMD Llano Processors Desktop PGA 905 1.27mm used for 1st generation APUs
Socket AM3+ 2011 ? AMD FX Vishera
AMD FX Zambezi
AMD Phenom II
AMD Athlon II
AMD Sempron		 Desktop PGA 942 (CPU 71pin) 1.27mm
Socket FM2 2012 ? AMD Trinity Processors Desktop PGA 904 1.27mm used for 2nd generation APUs
LGA 1150/
Socket H3		 2013.06.03
2014.05.11
(2015.06.02)		 ? Intel Haswell
Intel Haswell Refresh
Intel Broadwell		 Desktop LGA 1150 ? used for Intel's 4th generation (Haswell/Haswell Refresh) CPUs
Socket G3/
Socket G3		 2013/Q2 ? Intel Haswell
Intel Broadwell		 Notebook rPGA 946 ?
Socket
name		 Year of introduction Year of EOL CPU families Computer type Package Pin count Pin pitch Bus speed Notes

Slotkets

Slotkets are special adapters for using socket processors in bus-compatible slot motherboards.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Intel 815 Chipset Family". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  2. ↑ "423 Pin Socket (PGA423) Design Guidelines". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  3. ↑ "Intel Pentium 4 Processor 478-Pin Socket (mPGA478) Design Guidelines". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  4. ↑ "495-Pin and 615-pin micro-PGA ZIF Socket Design Specification Application Note". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "mPGA 604 Socket Mechanical Design Guide". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  6. ↑ "AMD Sempron Processor Product Data Sheet". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 "AMD Opteron Processor Product Data Sheet". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  8. ↑ CPU only has 478 pins, but the socket has 479.
  9. ↑ "LGA775 Socket Mechanical Design Guide". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  10. ↑ "LGA771 Socket Mechanical Design Guide". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  11. ↑ "Low-Profile Socket S1 Design Specification". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  12. ↑ "Thermal Design Guide for Socket F (1207) Processors". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-06.
  13. ↑ CPU only has 938 pins, but the socket has 941.
  14. ↑ AMD Documentation "Socket AM3 design Specification". amd.com. Retrieved 2012-01-05.

External links