CPA3
| Carboxypeptidase A3 (mast cell) | |||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||
| Symbols | CPA3 ; MC-CPA | ||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 114851 MGI: 88479 HomoloGene: 122138 IUPHAR: 1589 ChEMBL: 2645 GeneCards: CPA3 Gene | ||||||||||||
| EC number | 3.4.17.1 | ||||||||||||
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| RNA expression pattern | |||||||||||||
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| More reference expression data | |||||||||||||
| Orthologs | |||||||||||||
| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||||
| Entrez | 1359 | 12873 | |||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000163751 | ENSMUSG00000001865 | |||||||||||
| UniProt | P15088 | P15089 | |||||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_001870 | NM_007753 | |||||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | NP_001861 | NP_031779 | |||||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | Chr 3: 148.58 – 148.61 Mb | Chr 3: 20.22 – 20.24 Mb | |||||||||||
| PubMed search | |||||||||||||
Carboxypeptidase A3 (mast cell carboxypeptidase A), also known as CPA3, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the CPA3 gene.[1][2]
Function
Altogether, there are 22-23 members of the metallocarboxypeptidase gene family in most mammals. CPA3 is one of 8-9 members of the A/B subfamily that includes the well-studied pancreatic enzymes carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1), carboxypeptidase A2 (CPA2), and carboxypeptidase B. This subfamily includes 6 carboxypeptidase A-like enzymes, numbered 1-6. The enzyme now called CPA3 was originally named mast cell carboxypeptidase A, and another protein was initially called CPA3 (Huang et al., 1999).[3] A gene nomenclature committee renamed mast cell carboxypeptidase A as CPA3, and the original CPA3 reported by Huang et al. became CPA4 to reflect the order of their discovery.
CPA3 is secreted from mast cells and has a pH optimum in the neutral to basic range. It resembles pancreatic carboxypeptidases A1 in cleaving COOH-terminal aromatic and aliphatic amino acid residues.[1] CPA3 functions together with endopeptidases secreted from mast cells such as chymases and tryptases to degrade proteins and peptides. Upon mast cell activation and degranulation, CPA3, the chymases, and tryptases are released in complexes with heparin proteoglycan.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: CPA3 carboxypeptidase A3 (mast cell)".
- ↑ Reynolds DS, Gurley DS, Austen KF (January 1992). "Cloning and characterization of the novel gene for mast cell carboxypeptidase A". J. Clin. Invest. 89 (1): 273–82. doi:10.1172/JCI115571. PMC 442845. PMID 1729276.
- ↑ Huang H; Reed CP; Zhang JS et al. (1999). "Carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3): a novel gene highly induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors during differentiation of prostate epithelial cancer cells". Cancer Res. 59 (12): 2981–8. PMID 10383164.
Further reading
- Natsuaki M; Stewart CB; Vanderslice P et al. (1992). "Human skin mast cell carboxypeptidase: functional characterization, cDNA cloning, and genealogy". J. Invest. Dermatol. 99 (2): 138–45. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12616776. PMID 1629626.
- Reynolds DS, Gurley DS, Austen KF (1992). "Cloning and characterization of the novel gene for mast cell carboxypeptidase A". J. Clin. Invest. 89 (1): 273–82. doi:10.1172/JCI115571. PMC 442845. PMID 1729276.
- Goldstein SM; Kaempfer CE; Proud D et al. (1987). "Detection and partial characterization of a human mast cell carboxypeptidase". J. Immunol. 139 (8): 2724–9. PMID 2443571.
- Reynolds DS; Gurley DS; Stevens RL et al. (1990). "Cloning of cDNAs that encode human mast cell carboxypeptidase A, and comparison of the protein with mouse mast cell carboxypeptidase A and rat pancreatic carboxypeptidases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (23): 9480–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.23.9480. PMC 298520. PMID 2594780.
- Goldstein SM, Kaempfer CE, Kealey JT, Wintroub BU (1989). "Human mast cell carboxypeptidase. Purification and characterization". J. Clin. Invest. 83 (5): 1630–6. doi:10.1172/JCI114061. PMC 303870. PMID 2708524.
- Pascual R; Burgos FJ; Salva M et al. (1989). "Purification and properties of five different forms of human procarboxypeptidases". Eur. J. Biochem. 179 (3): 609–16. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14590.x. PMID 2920728.
- Dikov MM, Springman EB, Yeola S, Serafin WE (1994). "Processing of procarboxypeptidase A and other zymogens in murine mast cells". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (41): 25897–904. PMID 7929294.
- Strausberg RL; Feingold EA; Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Chen ZQ, He SH (2004). "Cloning and expression of human colon mast cell carboxypeptidase". World J. Gastroenterol. 10 (3): 342–7. PMID 14760754.
- Gerhard DS; Wagner L; Feingold EA et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.